Acute Miocardial Infarction

To assess mortality trends due to ischemic heart diseases, per sex, and acute myocardial infarction, per sex and age range, from 1980 to 1998, in the city of Curitiba. Methods Data of death due to ischemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction from Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde (Information System on Mortality of Ministry of Health), per sex, age range and domicile location in Curitiba were used. Population data were obtained from Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics Foundation). Mortality rates were adjusted per age through direct method, by using the population of Curitiba, in 1980, as reference. The analysis of trend was calculated through simple linear regression, with a significance level of 5%.

Resumen: Tras sufrir un infarto de miocardio, es frecuente la aparición de síntomas ansiosos y depresivos, que influyen en el proceso de recuperación y empeoran el pronóstico, aumentando así el riesgo de sufrir futuras complicaciones. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la prevalencia de síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en hombres y mujeres, observando las posibles diferencias en ambos grupos. La muestra se compone de 100 pacientes de entre 42-58 años (M=48; DT=2,54), siendo el 85% varones y el 15% mujeres. Tras obtener el consentimiento informado, se ha procedido a la administración del Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). En los resultados pudimos observar que el 36% de la muestra presentaba síntomas ansiosos, el 22% depresivos y un 11% mostraba problemas de malestar emocional. Los resultados también reflejaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las variables de ansiedad (p=0,017) y malestar emocional (p=0,46), siendo las mujeres quienes presentan valores más elevados en ambos casos, observándose un tamaño del efecto grande. Estos resultados son congruentes con la literatura anterior, que señala la importancia de atender a las diferencias por sexo en el tratamiento de la EC y sus posibles complicaciones.

Acute myocardial infarction; Relapse; Readmission; Telehealth. Telehealth is an endeavor to prevent readmission in patients with Acute Miocard Infarct (AMI). The objective of this study was to identify the effect of Telehealth as a reoccurrence and readmission strategy for a patient with AMI. This study was a literature review with article searches in some databases including ScienceDirect, Sage Journals, Ebsco, Scopus, and Cochrane for the last ten years. The selected articles were limited to those in English with free full text. Studies that were involving adult AMI in the adult patient and obtaining intervention or monitoring via phone or Telehealth were included. The result from reviewed articles showed that Telehealth can be used as an alternative intervention to prevent readmission in patients with AMI. Various methods which are explained in the literature can be implemented as a strategy to prevent reoccurrence or readmission for the patient with AMI.

Background: Trans-radial access (TRA) has been recommended as a preferential route for all cardiac catheterization procedures however with few disadvantages. Distal TRA (dTRA) through the "anatomic snuffbox" might be a better alternative, it has proved its efficiency in different cardiac catheterization procedures but very little is known regarding efficacy in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. The aim of this study is to determine the utility and efficacy of dTRA in acute STEMI settings. Methods: After obtaining the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, a retrospective identification of all consecutive acute STEMI cases which were operated on by a single transradial interventional cardiologist through dTRA approach between January 2019 through September 2019 was performed, and 25 consecutive cases were identified, all utilizing the dTRA route for catheterization. Access time as well as other variables were studied. Results: All patients had successful right distal radial artery catheterization without ultrasound guidance (100% success rate). No mortality was reported. All patients upon discharge had no thumb, hand or arm symptoms, no clinical vascular complications, and intact radial artery pulses. Distal radial artery access time was 45±15 seconds. Conclusions: dTRA is feasible, safe, and time-efficient in most cardiac catheterization procedures including acute STEMI settings.

Background: Trans-radial access (TRA) has been recommended as a preferential route for all cardiac
catheterization procedures however with few disadvantages. Distal TRA (dTRA) through the “anatomic
snuffbox” might be a better alternative, it has proved its efficiency in different cardiac catheterization
procedures but very little is known regarding efficacy in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
patients. The aim of this study is to determine the utility and efficacy of dTRA in acute STEMI settings.
Methods: After obtaining the Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, a retrospective identification of
all consecutive acute STEMI cases which were operated on by a single transradial interventional cardiologist
through dTRA approach between January 2019 through September 2019 was performed, and 25 consecutive
cases were identified, all utilizing the dTRA route for catheterization. Access time as well as other variables
were studied.
Results: All patients had successful right distal radial artery catheterization without ultrasound guidance
(100% success rate). No mortality was reported. All patients upon discharge had no thumb, hand or arm
symptoms, no clinical vascular complications, and intact radial artery pulses. Distal radial artery access time
was 45±15 seconds.
Conclusions: dTRA is feasible, safe, and time-efficient in most cardiac catheterization procedures
including acute STEMI settings.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its craniofacial anatomic risk factors might play a role in several cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI). However, there are no data about cephalometric findings among OSA patients with MI. In this pilot case-control study, about 2000 individuals referred to the sleep center were evaluated according to apnea - hypopnea index (AHI) and other inclusion criteria. Included were 62 OSA male patients (AHI > 10), of whom 6 had an MI history. In both control (n = 56) and MI groups (n = 6), 18 cephalometric parameters were traced. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test. Compared with control OSA patients, OSA patients with MI showed a significantly larger tongue length (p = 0.015). The other cephalometric variables were not significantly different between the two groups. An elongated tongue might be considered a risk factor for MI in OSA patients. The role of other variables remains inconclusive and open to investigation with larger samples (determined based on pilot studies such as this report) collected in longitudinal fashion.