An Effective Approach for Evaluating Usability of Web Sites

Sustainability

In the higher education sector, there is a growing trend to offer academic information to users through websites. Contemporarily, the users (i.e., students/teachers, parents, and administrative staff) greatly rely on these websites to perform various academic tasks, including admission, access to learning management systems (LMS), and links to other relevant resources. These users vary from each other in terms of their technological competence, objectives, and frequency of use. Therefore, academic websites should be designed considering different dimensions, so that everybody can be accommodated. Knowing the different dimensions with respect to the usability of academic websites is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) approach has been considered to be a significant method to deal with the uncertainty that is involved in subjective judgment. Although a wide range of usability factors for academic websites have already been iden...

IEEE Access, 2022

Recent advances in information and communication technology have greatly increased the popularity of online education. The COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated the adoption of online education due to the need for educational institutions to adopt online learning models. On the other hand, the online education system faces several challenges, such as lack of usability to overcome access barriers and scalability issues. These problems stand in the way of widespread adoption of the online education system. The usability of online education websites is one of the fundamental challenges because it directly affects students' learning experience. This study focuses on the challenges related to usability of online education websites. If an online education website has usability issues, students may have difficulty using the learning materials provided. This makes it difficult to achieve the required level of service, which can lead to a poor reputation for the website. Therefore, in order to develop a well-functioning online education website, it is necessary to ensure that all usability requirements (URs) are met efficiently. Considering the different backgrounds, knowledge, and skills of students, they may have different preferences regarding usability requirements. Therefore, prioritization of URs is necessary to focus on the most preferred requirements. In this study, we apply the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) to analyze the usability requirements in the requirements analysis phase. We consider the online education website of Virtual University of Pakistan, a leading online university in the country with more than 0.1 million active students. The result of this work is a flexible approach to identify precise usability requirements for developing a functionally sound website with an optimized and easy-to-use user interface that will ultimately improve the quality of education.

With the advent of dynamic website usually all business processes of a business organization are linked with the website of the organization. This is resulted in designing of a complex and gigantic website which may result in slow download and unfriendly navigation. Satisfying the end user need is one of the key principles of designing an effective website. As there are different users for given website, hence there are different criteria on which user wants to get satisfied, hence evaluating a website is a multi-criteria decision making problem. In order to incorporate uncertainties and vagueness in decision making Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy (FAHP) approach is extended with Fuzzy TOPSIS approach, where different decision makers (DM’s) opinion was considered for ranking the website

Wseas Transactions on Information Science and Applications, 2010

This paper presents a model of usability evaluation based on fuzzy logic which results from a need to establish a common approach to deal with the usability evaluation of various kinds of systems. The model definition arises from the methodology of fuzzy usability evaluation that was presented in the previous research of the authors. As a result of a particular evaluation, usability score is obtained. The score combines various factors affecting the usability of target system. The authors demonstrate the model on the example of usability evaluation of Web portals. Paper also includes results and analysis of the case study and validation of the proposed model.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2023

The success of an organization nowadays is heavily dependent on the usability of its website. Offering educational content and services online is becoming more commonplace in the higher education sector. University websites serve a wide range of users, like students, faculty, parents, staff, etc. Hence, the website must address the different needs of these users while maintaining good usability. Good usability makes it easier for users to find what they are looking for, understand how to use the website, and navigate through the content. This helps improve user satisfaction and engagement with the website, which can lead to increased productivity and better outcomes. Therefore, usability testing and analysis is the unspoken metric for success. Understanding the many factors contributing to the usability of academic websites is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) topic. In this paper, we propose a framework for evaluating the usability of academic websites using the Entropy and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) MCDM methods under type-2 neutrosophic sets. The entropy method is used to compute the objective weights of four main criteria contributing to the usability of academic websites, namely (Content, Organization, Presentation and Interaction, and Trustworthiness), with 31 sub-criteria. The WASPAS method is then used to rank five Egyptian university websites and select the best one in terms of usability. This framework will help designers understand the important criteria to consider while designing for university websites in addition to providing them with a usability evaluation method tailored to university websites.

International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2019

In the current era, website developers recognize usability evaluation as a significant factor in the quality and success of e-commerce websites. Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is one method to measure the usability of the website. Several researchers have applied Logarithmic Fuzzy Preference Programming (LFPP) approach to deriving crisp weight from fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix of FAHP approach. However, there is a lack of LFPP method in determining the consistency index of the decision-maker judgment. In some cases, LFPP method will produce a consistency value of 0 from consistent fuzzy comparison matrices. This value indicates there is a contradiction with what the previous researchers have said, that a constant matrix value should be more than 0. This research proposes the extended Consistent Fuzzy Preference Relation (ECFPR) to assist the regular judgment for specifying the weights in measuring ecommerce website usability. The CFPR method used to form a new pairwise comparison matrix. ECFPR was calculating the lower and upper values at the fuzzy triangular number from the only n-1 comparison, where n is the number of criteria. The numerical experiment showed that the consistency index obtained by extended CFPR method was more significantly better than LFPP method. It was revealed that the optimal value always more than 0. The consistency index of ECFPR method has a higher mean value than LFPP, so that the use of the ECFPR method can improve the amount of consistency comparison matrices. The ECFPR method was also successfully implemented with the experimental case on evaluating ecommerce website usability.

Egyptian Informatics Journal, 2014

In this competitive world, websites are considered to be a key aspect of any organization's competitiveness. In addition to visual esthetics, usability of a website is a strong determinant for user's satisfaction and pleasure. However, lack of appropriate techniques and attributes for measuring usability may constrain the usefulness of a website. To address this issue, we conduct a statistical study to evaluate the usability and accessibility levels of three popular academic websites based on human (user) perception. Two types of usability evaluation techniques were employed in this study. First one is Questionnaire-based evaluation and second one is performance-based evaluation. Usability assessment was performed by analyzing the results from the observed task success rates, task completion times, post-task satisfaction ratings and feedback. We also investigate the possibility of there being any impact of task completion times on participant's satisfaction levels. The results of the questionnaire based evaluation were observed to be consistent with the results of performance-based evaluation. Accessibility evaluation was carried out by testing the degree of compliance of the web pages as per WCAG 2.0 guidelines.

Today website is considered as an image of an organization. The advent of privatization has lead to a cut throat competition among the various educational institutes thus designing an effective website is very important. For designing an effective website it is required to identify the need of the visitors of the website. In current scenario the objective of websites of an educational institute is to provide the student and other users an information platform where they can retrieve any information and also can perform other tasks like learning and tracking records. In order to increase the usability of a website it is required to identify the important parameters that visitor look in a site. In this paper we have identified the important parameters that affect the usability of an educational websites and then propose a model for usability assessment using the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System Approach (ANFIS).

Sir John Marshall was astonished by the classical form of a small male torso carved in the imported red jasper found by M.S. Vats in Harappa. Only Egyptian skill and technology give such high polish and breathe life into naturalistic forms in intractable stone sculptures as early as the Old Kingdom spanning c. 2700-2200 BCE. Jasper was available only to royals; the Egyptians associated the red jasper with vitality and endurance, drawing power and protection from the fiery sun god and the blood of the goddess Isis. The circled dot shouldered by the headless torso is odd, but the circumpunct is an Egyptian hieroglyph for the Sun and the alchemical symbol for the incorruptible gold. The realistic modulation of the shoulder on the rear confirms that the display of symmetrical Sun Spots repeated by the soft depressions of drilled nipples and the navel on the front was an intentional sigil. This emblematic circle with a dot at the center, repeated on the headless neck, represents more than the yearly orbit of the Earth around the Sun; the solar sign in the precious gemstone signifies eternity and rebirth conveyed by the daily journey of the celestial orb. The votive offering of the jasper torso in the mysterious world of traditional religion demonstrates that the generosity of the divine spirit is transactional.

The current paper examines the impact of service strategy on customer satisfaction in AirAsia Malaysia. The quantitative research method is used in the present paper; the researchers distributed 115 questionnaires to the respondents who have been traveling by AirAsia and collected 111 responses. After analyzing the data by SPSS software researchers found that two factors: food service and ground staff affect customer satisfaction, but the result shows that tangible features, flight attendance, and online service do not affect customer satisfaction in. The result of this paper contributes to the literature by improving the impact of service strategy on customer satisfaction in Air Asia Malaysia.