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2020, LAPAI Journal of Humanities
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12 pages
1 file
The threat posed to national and regional security by the activities of such terrorist group like Boko Haram cannot be overlooked considering its socioeconomic , political and even psychological impact on the affected areas in Nigeria. The rampaging terrorist attacks on communities within the NorthEast geo-political zone in Nigeria have really contributed in the disarticulation of development process and moreover social life in these affected areas. It is evident that the continuous gap between the leadership and the led due to corruption, unresponsive leadership, unaccountability, visionless policies, unbridled yearning for continuous accumulation of wealth among other disparaging attributes of Nigeria's leadership have contributed to continuous violent extremism by such terrorist groups like the Boko-Haram. Utilizing the secondary sources of data, content analysis and the Human Security Approach, the paper examines terrorism, with emphasis on Boko Haram insurgency in NorthEast Nigeria. The paper concluded that Boko Haram insurgency in the NorthEast Nigeria remains a threat to the peace and development of the zone.
IJASS JOURNAL, 2022
The U.S State department defined terrorism as "the premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against a noncombatant targets by sub-national groups". It went further to define terrorism as "the calculated use of violence or threat of violence to inculcate fear, intended to coerce or to intimidate governments in the pursuit of goals that are political, religious or ideological. In light of this, the expansion of Boko Haram insurgency beyond the Nigeria boundary to include its neighbors, has now left Nigeria, and other West African countries and the international community to tackle such actions of Boko Haram, seeing to it that it is not just an internal problem for Nigeria but also a global crisis which requires all necessary support to ensuring lasting peace in Nigeria. Therefore, making use of the historical method of discuss and analysis, the paper adopted a qualitative research methodology approach. The paper concluded that the future security of Nigeria and the sub-region lies in consensual, well coordinated, well-structured and well-resourced interventions by national and regional forces. But more than that, the overall success in resolving the Boko Haram threat calls for sustained measures aimed at intricately addressing the social, economic and political issues that galvanized terrorist radicalization that gave Boko Haram a foot hold in Nigeria.
ALIMI Etsu , 2013
The cycle of violence being unleashed on Nigerians by the fundamentalist group, Boko Haram has heightened fears among the populace and the international community that the hostility has gone beyond religions or political coloration hence the need to carry out this research. The study is made up of five (5) chapters. Chapter one takes an introductory look into terrorism in Nigeria viz a viz activities of Boko Haram. Chapter two examined different scholars’ views on Boko Haram as a terrorist group in Nigeria. Relevant theories to the study were also examined. Chapter three encapsulated the methodology used in carrying out this study. It spells out the population of the study which already resides in the topic and the sample size for the study. Analysis and description of detailed presentation of results and discussion of the study based on the data gathered in the course of this research forms the body of chapter four. Responses based on 95 questionnaires that are valid are used to examine the existence, activities and effect of Boko Haram on the Nigerian State. The response to the questionnaire was summarized in series of tables, grouped according to the research questions of the problem under investigation and analyzed using the simple percentage method. And of course, chapter five contains summary, conclusion and recommendations of this study. Certain key recommendations were made among which are reduction of drivers of extremism, intelligence gathering, enhanced surveillance, de radicalization etc.
2020
This Paper examines an over decade ongoing battle with insurgent groups that threatens the stability and political integrity of Nigeria an Africa’s most populous state. These articles employed the use of secondary sources of generating data by reviewing related literature in the fight against Boko Haram insurgency in North-East Nigeria. It has been revealed that poor leadership, weak institutions of governance and low democratic values and dividends are among the causes of insurgency in the region. The paper also recommends that the Nigeria government should intensify the battle against Boko Haram in the following ways: It should involve, as a matter of fact, coordination at all agency levels diplomatic military, intelligence, Para military services, the constituent units of the countries especially border authorities, civil society groups, and the traditional authorities and network of-Early Warning Systems at the levels of the African Union, ECOWAS, among other measures.
The insecurity in Nigeria has created porous security condition that engenders violence and promotes terrorism. Terrorism is conceived as a crime which is economically, politically and religiously motivated and it employs tactics such as: assassination, kidnapping, hostage taking, hijacking, suicide bombing, shoot -out sporadically, sabotage, vandalism among other opprobrious acts of crime and violence to achieve its aim towards a state. This study therefore gives an insight on the causes and consequences of terrorism (Boko Haram) and insecurity in Nigeria. And to examine the historical development of terrorism in Nigeria; to identify the challenges in controlling terrorism by the efforts of the Joint Military Task Force in providing security and peace in Nigeria. The methodology employed in this study involved both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Primary data were collected from the Nigeria Armed Forces with the aid of a survey (questionnaire) and in -depth interview. Simple percentage comparison was used to analyze the data, with the aid of frequency tables and graphical presentations (pictographs). The findings of the study revealed the challenges of the Nigeria Armed Forces; as well as their statutory roles in duty of submerging terrorism in Nigeria. The conclusion was drawn with some recommendations that will make ways for the improvement on the activities of Nigeria Armed Forces and to maintain peace and security in the Nigeria.
This study aimed at identifying major impacts of Boko Haram insurgency on Nigerian state. In carrying out this study, the paper employed documentary sources and qualitative method in generating data while Frustration aggression theory was adopted as framework of analysis. From the study it was discovered that Boko Haram insurgency impacted negatively on Nigerian state through destruction of lives and properties, disruption of business, reduction in government revenue, fear of foreign investors to live and do business in Nigeria, political instability among others. The paper examines the causative factors and unravels the dominants causes of Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. Specifically, it also provides a better understanding of the growth and development of Boko Haram terrorists. Consequently, the paper recommends that, instead of using military repressive actions to curb the menace, there is need for Nigerian state to address the root cause(s) of the insurgency which includes poverty, corruption, weak institutions, economic deprivation, illiteracy and religious intolerance among several others.
research project, 2016
ABSTRACT The State of insecurity engendered by Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria in the North-Eastern part of the country is quite worrisome, disheartening and alarming. Terrorist attacks of the Boko Haram sect resulted in the killing of countless number of innocent people and wanton destruction of properties that worth billions of Naira through bombings, more worrisome, however, is the fact that all the efforts of the Nigerian Government to curtail the activities of the sect for over six years have not totally stopped their fatality. The dynamics and sophistication of the Boko Haram operation have raised fundamental questions about National Security Governance issue and Nigeria’s corporate existence. The major thrust of this work is to investigate the Boko Haram insurgency in Borno State and Nigeria and to under store the urgent need for a permanent resolution of the crisis. This research work argues that most of the circumstances that led to this insurgency are not unconnected with the frustration caused by the high rate of poverty, unemployment, weak governance, corruption and misconception of Religion among others. Include serious threats to National Security or interest, peace, internal population displacement, violation of fundamental human rights among others. The study recommends amongst others, the necessity to address poverty reduction, religion re-orientation, and curriculum re-structure. The need for adequate collaboration between the government, non governmental organizations as well as the individual is also advocated. Finally, the need for the re-evaluation of the Mass Media of combating the menace of this domestic insurgency is also stressed.
Global international journal of innovative research, 2024
Fewer studies have received more attention in recent times on Nigerian security threat than the insurgence of Boko Haram. Millions of naira that are supposed to spend on development has been diverted to provide security at the expense of national development. The study interrogates the emergence and the rise of terrorism of Boko Haram, focusing on its implication on national development. The work employed both quantitative and qualitative method which relies on primary and secondary sources of data. The paper adopted the frustration aggression theory as its theoretical framework. Ideology of hatred for western education, misinterpretation of Quran, poverty and political factor were identified as major causes of Boko Haram insurgency. The study found destruction of business, loss of man hour, close down of schools, and close down of economic activities as the impact of insurgency on national development. The work concluded by recommending religious tolerance, due attention to traditional Al-Manjiri education, poverty reduction strategy, provision of adequate and effective security measure, and mopping up of all illegally acquired small arms in the country among others. Blocking of the linkage of finance and connection of Boko Haram is also key.
Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 2020
The study is a contribution to the relatively few existing empirical studies on the effects of Boko Haram terrorism on human security in Nigeria. Because generating primary data on terrorism from the terrorists themselves is extremely difficult and first-hand information/statistics on the crime are often collated, classified, and restricted within the military and paramilitary formations, most researchers rely mainly on secondary sources of statistics and data to report the incident to the scientific community. Utilizing ex post facto survey research design, data were collected from newspapers and magazines, and analyzed using content analysis method. The results showed that both the intensity of terrorism and the anxieties it had unleashed on the population have resulted in social and moral panic, with dire consequences, particularly on educational development, food security, economy, national cohesion, and human rights. It was concluded that terrorism is a serious threat to human security in many fronts. The policy implication is that social capital, participatory politics, and trusted military-police-public partnership in community policing and security should be developed and sustained. The national security forces should be overhauled to eliminate sabotage, compromise, and other irregularities in the system, which has over the years, delayed winning the war on terrorism.
The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 2023
Boko Haram has been a security challenge to Nigeria since at least 2009, and recently it has posed considerable challenges to the African Sub-Region because of its international linkage with the al-Qaeda terrorists' network. The aim of this study is to examine the implications of the Boko Haram Insurgency on Nigeria's National Security. We use secondary sources of data drawn from textbooks, and journals, internet sources among others while content analysis was used to analyze the data. This study is situated within the framework of both the internal and external perspectives on the origin of the Boko haram insurgency to be able to get a better understanding of the security challenges posed he Boko Haram on Nigeria's national security. Moreover, we discovered that the implications of Boko Haram on Nigeria's national security are enormous such that it activities have generated national and international condemnation such as targets such as the United Nations building in Abuja in August 2011. In November 2011, the U.S. Department of State issued an alert for all U.S. and Western citizens in Abuja to avoid major hotels and landmarks, based on information about a potential Boko Haram attack. Besides, from received training in bomb-making and other terrorist tactics from al-Qaeda-affiliated groups and their mode of operations ranges bombing, kidnapping, maiming etc. However, we discovered that poverty, bad governance, deepen crisis, and are among the causes of the Boko Haran insurgency. Lastly, political will, international collaboration, strategic training, are among key recommendations in this study.
his study attempts to unravel the characteristics of the Boko Haram sect in northern Nigeria. The activities of the group became profound in 2009; terrorism and insurgency were identified as its major strategies. This paper engaged qualitative methods and made broad use of secondary sources. The group made greater impact in Nigeria than previous extremist groups such as Maitatsine and Shiite group, hence the need to understand its evolution, ideology and motivation. The group was discovered to have expansionist tendencies with foreign support of other Islamic fundamentalist organizations. Three motivations of the sect were pointed out to include religious extremism, resentment over the killing of their members and poverty. Among its famous attacks were the bombing of Nigeria Police Force Headquarters and the UN House both in Abuja and in 2011. It also carried out the Christmas day bombing at St Theresa Catholic Church in Madalla near Abuja on 25 December, 2011. The federal government, the international community and other stakeholders took initiatives to end the onslaught through coercion, sanctions, offers of dialogue, negotiation and amnesty but all these have so far failed to bring an end to the hostilities. This study gave a number of recommendations to mitigate this prolonged crisis and concluded by underlining the importance of addressing the root causes of the problems such as poor governance, poverty among others.
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