INTERNSHIP - REFLECTION

C402 ED: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DR. CANAPI EXAMINEE NO. 17-10826 NOVEMBER 17, 2019 Any researcher may find it difficult to determine whether to use qualitative or quantitative method in research. In the research paper entitled, “The implementation of online education in teaching grade 6 students,” the researcher would find herself in a confusing state because the topic itself may be measured through statistical data and analysis, but can also be effective in qualitative method should the researcher want to conduct a case study for each participant in order to examine the development of learning using online education as compared to traditional method. If I were the researcher having the said topic to work on, I would prefer quantitative method. Data collection, for example, is mostly by observation as it can be used to define respondent characteristics, measure data trends and validate existing conditions. Initially, I, as a researcher, would like to find out the overall rating and/or satisfaction of the learners in terms of instruction quality, instructional materials used, assessment and learning outcomes when online education starts its full-blown implementation among certain groups of students. RESEARCH DESIGN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ONLINE EDUCATION IN TEACHING GRADE 6 STUDENTS INTRODUCTION Background of the Study The concept of online education by the turn of the fourth industrial revolution has been considered an academic revolution. Through the use of World Wide Web and other technological advances, the acquisition of information is apparently liberating. Students’ knowledge is sharpened because of the several readings they could access through the internet, and their skills are enhanced when faced by the challenges in virtual environment. Seeing the exponential growth of information brought about by technology and the high level of engagement of the young learners towards online games and mobile applications, the incorporation of technology utilizing computers and other handheld devices in the teaching-learning process have apparently changed the education system. This research paper entitled “The implementation of online education in teaching grade 6 students,” aims to gain insights into the grade six pupils’ perceptions regarding online education, and to identify the teachers’ observations and experiences when conducting online education in teaching grade six pupils. Several research studies have been conducted regarding the effectiveness of online education in teaching students. Many would have claimed that online education can increase engagement of the students in active learning leading them to increased educational productivity. Productivity in this study means reducing the cost of learning materials but maintaining the standards of excellence in the teaching-learning process. Statement of the Problem The researcher seeks to answer the following questions: What are the perceptions of the grade six students on the implementation of online education to them in terms of level of engagement in learning instructional delivery of the teachers quality of materials used during their online discussion or instruction What factors in online subjects have affected the student’s satisfaction? What are the observed experiences of the teachers in terms of cost effectiveness as compared to traditional brick-and-mortar learning methods, and instructional delivery and design learning outcomes of the students as reflected in their written and product-based outputs? Conceptual Framework The implementation of online education in teaching grade 6 pupils may have its advantages and disadvantages to student learning. Many students would have claimed that internet access and use of software applications are dependable, reliable and cost-efficient, problems may still occur particularly in gaining teacher support to guide them through the learning process. Some studies show that the occurrence of high attrition among students increases once these students feel uncomfortable with the type of learning environment they belong, and, worse, find themselves struggling to cope with the demands of subjects and other related academic requirements needed to gain a very satisfactory academic performance. The framework in this study is shown. The implementation of online education in teaching grade 6 pupils Benefits Challenges Expected Outcomes Students Provide a better learning environment to increase active learning Convenience of studies as they can gain access to internet to help them learn and become responsible in their own learning Enhancement of skills through the use of technology Teachers Upgrade the teaching strategies for increased educational productivity among online learners Cost effectiveness in the use of learning materials Enhancement of skills through the use of technology Students Confidence in self-learning though the use of technology Social support such as teachers and parents Time spent in studying and completing requirements needed per subject Teachers Confidence in maximizing the use of technological tools needed to support the learning of the students Interaction with the students regarding their academic performance Time spent in the preparation of modules or lessons to increase the educational productivity of students Students Acquisition of information provides them with broad knowledge and understanding of certain topics The use of technology essential to learning enhances their skills, improves memory and increase level of engagement in the learning process. Teachers Teachers Provide personalized learning when students need more reinforcement in learning Effectively harness the utilization of technology for the students to activate learning, increase participation and help them become responsible in decision making and analytical thinking Professional development is ensure as teachers themselves get to explore several ways on how to innovate teaching-learning process with the use of technology tools. Research Paradigm Upon gathering of data, the researcher designs a paradigm to determine the approach to be used and to see the different problems from different perspectives. Basis Input Process Output Skinner’s theory of learning The development of teaching machines, measurable learning objectives, computer-assisted instruction, and multiple choice tests. Quantitative approach Identify the perceptions of the students upon experiencing online education in terms of level of engagement in learning, instructional delivery of the teachers, and quality of materials used during their online instruction Determine factors of students’ satisfaction regarding online subjects Analyze through teachers’ experiences in online education in teaching grade six pupils in terms of cost-effectiveness, instructional delivery and learning outcomes A questionnaire for the teachers engaged in online education in teaching grade six pupils A questionnaire for the grade six pupils who are involved in online education The questionnaire includes: demographic profile details about implementation features such as role of teachers in online education, and availability of data during online discussion, and quality and cost of instructional materials or tools used learning outcomes after the conduct of online education in teaching grade six pupils Learning Outcomes Cognitive formative assessment summative assessments product based tasks b. Psychomotor Outcomes performance-based tasks c. Affective Outcomes - motivation - factors on students’ satisfaction on online subjects The teachers’ observations and experiences emphasizing on cost-effectiveness and learning outcomes of the students upon online teaching. BODY Review of Literature In the present times when the use of technology supersedes the traditional method of teaching in the classroom, students have taken part in collaborative activities that involve the use of communication technology and digital tools for enhancement of performance or product based tasks and reinforcement of learning. For the grade six pupils, the incorporation of animation, audio and visual effects and educational apps have been considered a common practice now. Skinner’s theory of learning explains the development of teaching machines, measurable learning objectives, computer-assisted instruction, and multiple choice tests. The kind of topic and level of learning that a learner acquires depend on the behavior he or she shows towards learning. On the other hand, Bothel claims that online education may negatively affect the values inherent to an individual. The grade six pupils will be more exposed to virtual environment since all online subjects are to be taken for academic purposes. The absence of interpersonal communication might result in loss of sympathy or empathy even to family members. We know that the school is primarily concerned with the holistic development of the learners. (Note: I am just stating names, which I only know of, but without the year the theory was developed and published. This is for the sake of this test) METHODOLOGY Participants The participants for this study include the grade six pupils who are conducting online education prepared by their teachers, and teachers who are facilitating classes among grade six pupils since the implementation of online education in teaching grade 6. Random selection is utilized for this study. Every participant is given a choice to participate or not in the survey. Consent letters are collected from the students themselves before the survey starts. Methodology: The descriptive study involves an analysis of questionnaire of the grade six pupils and teachers regarding their perceptions towards online education or instruction. At least 200 pupils in grade six are to be observed during the conduct of online education between teachers and students. Based on the problems indicated in the previous pages, this study uses a quantitative approach. Quantitative approach emphasizes objective measurements, mathematical and statistical analysis of data through questionnaires and surveys. It also involves manipulating pre-existing statistical data using techniques in computation. Design and Procedure Data for this study are gathered and analyzed to determine the students’ motivation and engagement in online education. The engagement of the students will also determine the factors on satisfaction regarding online subjects, the learning outcomes such as the results of formative and summative assessments (cognitive), motivation and satisfaction on online subjects (affective), and performance-based and product -based tasks (psychomotor). An informal interview can also be done to identify the participants’ insights about online education with the grade six pupils, and to determine if online education is equally effective than the traditional learning method or if online education is the most practical learning method of instruction to the present generation. The questionnaire includes the demographic profile of the participants, multiple choice type of test about their experiences and perceptions since the implementation of online education, and a type of Likert Scale format for rating statements related to online subjects, assessments, cost-effectiveness of instructional materials used, instructional delivery and learning outcomes. These statements on the questionnaire are categorized in order to address the research questions. Questions are to be validated and approved by the experts before disseminating them to the respondents. The questionnaire is done through Google Forms for easy distribution and collection of data. Statistical Data Used Data for this study are gathered and analyzed to answer the research questions. Statistical analysis of data is employed to measure the reliability of results of the questionnaire. The researcher uses frequency and percentage to identify the overall rating on the students’ engagement, cost-effectiveness of materials, and instructional delivery of the teachers. A one-way ANOVA may be used as well to determine whether there is a significant difference between the level of engagement of the students and the learning outcomes utilizing the online education. CONCLUSION (Upon presentation of results and analysis of data, the researcher express objectively the outcome of the study. Research questions are answered based on the respondents’ questionnaire. Recommendation are also outlined for the other researchers who wish to expound similar topic of this research.) Despite compromising interpersonal communication while learning inside the classroom, online education has shown great potential in achieving outcome-based and interactive learning among the learners. Educators, on the other hand, are more than challenged to upgrade their technological know-how in the delivery of online instruction. Recommendations on this study follow suit: incorporate active learning activities to ensure that the holistic development of any learner is achieved just the same as the traditional method offers and examine curriculum for online subjects for effective instructional delivery that may result in productive learning outputs. THE END