CONCRETE GRADES WITH THEIR RESPECTIVE MIX RATIOS

UNIT PENERBITAN Politeknik Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah, 2020

Outcome Based Education 1 1 Standard specification 3 2 Cement 7 3 Aggregate 4 Water 5 Standard mix proportion 6 Setting time 7 Mechanical properties 8 Durability 9 Polymer in concrete 10 Brick References 1.2 Reference codes for concrete making There are many reference codes of practices when dealing with the intended product samples to be used as building materials. Here is the list of the standard specifications/ relevant European standards / British standards.

The process of determining required and specifiable characteristics of a concrete mixture is called mix design. Characteristics can include: (1) fresh concrete properties; (2) required mechanical properties of hardened concrete such as strength and durability requirements; and (3) the inclusion, exclusion, or limits on specific ingredients. Mix design leads to the development of a concrete specification. Mixture proportioning refers to the process of determining the quantities of concrete ingredients, using local materials, to achieve the specified characteristics of the concrete. A properly proportioned concrete mix should possess these qualities:

The process of determining required and specifiable characteristics of a concrete mixture is called mix design. Characteristics can include: (1) fresh concrete properties; (2) required mechanical properties of hardened concrete such as strength and durability requirements; and (3) the inclusion, exclusion, or limits on specific ingredients. Mix design leads to the development of a concrete specification. Mixture proportioning refers to the process of determining the quantities of concrete ingredients, using local materials, to achieve the specified characteristics of the concrete. A properly proportioned concrete mix should possess these qualities:

The two different ways in Concrete Proportioning Mixture:

Advances in Civil Engineering, 2022

Concrete mixes can be designed using many methods such as the British method (DOE) and the American method (ACI). It is beneficial to compare different mixes and examine their performances and the associated costs. However, designing and comparing concrete mixes by hand can be time consuming and is prone to errors. Hence, in this work, algorithms were developed and implemented for six mix design methods, which replaced the time-consuming hand calculations with error-free and fast ones, in a user-friendly fashion. The programs successfully designed concrete mixes ranging from 10 to 160 MPa 28-day compressive strengths with minimal errors and provided estimates of the cost of each mix. Also, using the developed programs, methods were compared regarding their suggested concrete ingredients’ quantities, associated cost, and general trends. Preliminary comparisons between mix design methods showed that design methods suggest similar mix proportions for a given compressive strength. Furth...