The Fourth Gospel

Religious Studies Review, 2008

[REVIEW IS ON PAGE 193; CLICK ON BOOK REVIEW TITLE, THEN ON "READ PAPER" AT BOTTOM OF SCREEN]

Review of Biblical Literature, 1999

These five reviews of the Christology of the Fourth Gospel and the author's response were presented at the 1998 AAR/SBL additional meetings sponsored by the Quaker Theological Discussion Group and are published in the Review of Biblical Literature 1 (1999, 38-72). Raymond Brown's untimely death three months earlier prevented him from participating in the review.

Journal of Biblical Literature, 1998

to The Christology of the Fourth Gospel in the Christology | define christology at There can be no doubt that his Christology presents differences from that of the fourth Gospel.

The Four Gospels present four distinct accounts of the life of Jesus based on the writer’s experience and his audience. Matthew, Mark and Luke are called the Synoptic Gospels based on their similarities though as we see their are distinctives of each book. The Gospel of John stands alone as a unique gospel account as a later account that according to Eusebius, “John set out to write a spiritual Gospel focusing on Jesus' transcendence as Lord and the very Word of God made manifest in the world” (Schaff & Wace (Eds.), 1890, Eusebius XIV:7). The Four Gospels show us four distinct ways of presenting the gospel message based on different audiences with differing cultures, Biblical knowledge and relation to the Jewish People that can be instructive to us as we present the Gospel today to like the Gospel writers to present a message that is culturally relevant to our hearers.

Characters and Characteriztion in the Gospel of John, ed. Christopher W. Skinner, Library of New Testament Studies 461, Bloomsbury T & T Clark, 2013

A narrative approach to the Gospel of John including point of view, literary and rhetorical devices, characters and characterization, and masterplot.

The third printing of The Christology of the Fourth Gospel (Eugene: Cascade Books, 2010) updates my first Johannine monograph with five outlines of new paradigms comprising my overall theory: the Dialogical Autonomy of the Fourth Gospel (pp. xxxv-lxxxix).

Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society , 2022

Against the historical backdrop of two prominent approaches to the Gospel of John, this article argues for an interpretive methodology consistent with evangelical convictions such as divine inspiration and inerrancy. Building on Thomas Brodie's "three waves" classification of Johannine interpretive history and incorporating Andreas Köstenberger's hermeneutical triad, this study offers a methodology for reading the Fourth Gospel that falls within synchronic approaches to John but includes caveats that give due weight to the Gospel's historical and theological veracity.

HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 2010

The quest to establish a conceptual background of the fourth gospel has led to converging and diverging opinions. This study reviewed and compared literature on the fourth gospel to establish its most plausible background. In doing so, attention was given to the development of the debate on the religious backgrounds that possibly influenced the author in order to discover some fresh connections between the gospel and these suggested backgrounds. Reference is made to primary material such as the Dead Sea Scrolls, first century Palestinian Judaism, Josephus and Philo of Alexandria. The following proposed backgrounds were reviewed: Hellenistic Judaism, Philo of Alexandria, Gnosticism, Hermetic Literature, Mandaism, the Old Testament, Rabbinic Judaism, the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Samaritan background.