The Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS)

This article introduces a new measure of dispositional perfectionism: the Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS). The BTPS assesses three higher-order global factors (rigid perfectionism, self-critical perfectionism, narcissistic perfectionism) via 10 lower-order perfectionism facets (self-oriented perfectionism, self-worth contingencies, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, self-criticism, socially prescribed perfectionism, other-oriented perfectionism, hypercriticism, grandiosity, entitlement). The present investigation examined the structure of the BTPS using exploratory factor analysis in Study 1 (288 undergraduates) and confirmatory factor analyses in Study 2 (352 community adults) and Study 3 (290 undergraduates). Additionally, in Study 3 the relationships among the BTPS, other measures of perfectionism, and the five-factor model of personality were investigated. Overall, findings provide first evidence for the reliability and validity of the BTPS as a multidimensional measure of perfectionism. Perfectionism is a personality trait characterized by striving for flawlessness and setting excessively high standards for performance accompanied by overly critical evaluations of one's behavior (Frost, Marten, Lahart, & Rosenblate, 1990; Hewitt & Flett, 1991). Over the past 25 years, a wealth of evidence suggests two higher-order factors underlie and account for shared variance among lower-order perfectionism facets: personal standards perfectionism and evaluative concerns perfectionism (

2020

The Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS) is a 45-item self-report measure of perfectionism with three overarching factors: rigid, self-critical, and narcissistic perfectionism. Our objective was to create a brief version of the BTPS, the Big Three Perfectionism Scale-Short Form (BTPS-SF). Sixteen items were selected, and confirmatory factor analysis using a large sample of Canadian university students (N = 607) revealed the BTPS-SF had acceptable model fit. Moreover, the BTPS-SF displayed strong test-retest reliability. The relationships of the BTPS-SF factors with depression, anxiety, stress, emotional intelligence, personality, resiliency, and elements of subjective well-being also suggested adequate criterion validity. Overall, results suggest the BTPS-SF represents an efficient, easily administered, and novel means of assessing multidimensional perfectionism.

Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2019

Perfectionism is a crucial concept in psychology as perfectionism has been found to be related to many important factors affecting daily and academic life. Many researchers have tried to measure perfectionism since 1980. Following an extensive literature review, Smith, Saklofske, Stoeber, and Sherry developed a new perfectionism scale called Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS). The present study addressed the validation study of the BTPS in Turkish sample. The factor structure of the BTPS and measurement invariance across gender groups was tested with the Turkish sample. The BTPS was administered to 609 undergraduate students studying in different departments. Reliability analyses showed that the Turkish version of the scale had an excellent internal consistency. Data from Turkey demonstrated acceptable fit to the three-factor, 10-facet structure of BTPS. The results also indicated that there was no significant difference between fit indexes of configural, metric, and scalar invari...

Journal of Personality Assessment, 2004

Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs, 2015

The development of two multidimensional perfectionism measures at the start of the 1990's facilitated exponential growth in research on perfectionism. Until then, perfectionism had been assessed with unidimensional measures. The Burns Perfectionism Scale came from the depression literature and assessed dysfunctional perfectionistic attitudes (Burns, 1980) and perfectionism was assessed in the eating disorder context with the sixitem perfectionism subscale from the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI; Garner, Olmstead, & Polivy, 1983). We now know, over two decades later, that perfectionism is a multidimensional construct and there is a much better understanding of this complex personality orientation. There is increasing evidence that perfectionism is associated with consequential outcomes, in keeping with demonstrations of how personality contributes to consequential life outcomes that matter (see Ozer & Benet-Martinez, 2006). One of the clearest illustrations is the apparent role played by trait perfectionism dimensions in early mortality (see Fry & Debats, 2009). This link between perfectionism and early mortality has provided the impetus for a thriving line of investigation on the role of perfectionism in health problems. While it is clear that perfectionism is related to the five-factor model (see Hill, McIntire, & Bacharach, 1997), it is also evident both conceptually and empirically that perfectionism has unique elements that distinguish it from broad traits such as conscientiousness and neuroticism. We have argued repeatedly, for instance, that extreme self-oriented perfectionism is a form of hyper-conscientiousness that goes beyond normal conscientiousness because it is a compulsive form of needing things and the self to be perfect and exact. Similarly, the concept of socially prescribed perfectionism incorporates the emotional instability that is the essence of trait neuroticism, but there are unique elements associated with feeling like others or society in general has imposed unfair demands on the self to be perfect. The vast array of measures of perfectionism posed a particular problem for us in writing this chapter. We limited our scope by focusing on the most widely used measures while acknowledging that there are other suitable measures that merit consideration depending on the particular interests of the potential user. The measures reviewed in this chapter were selected on the basis of several criteria. First, and foremost, they had to be measures that are used broadly and this use extends substantially beyond the lab where the measures were created. Second, in order to address the psychometric themes covered in this and other chapters in this book, extensive information about the instrument had to be available. Several intriguing new measures have emerged in the past several years but we simply need more information about them. Finally, the decision to exclude some measures was based, in part, on unresolved issues that remain to be addressed. Two particular examples come to mind here. First, a measure of clinical perfectionism based on a unidimensional framework appears to actually consist of more than one factor (see Dickie, Surgenor, Wilson, & McDowall, 2012). As another example, a measure of positive perfectionism (reflecting 'good perfectionism') and negative perfectionism (reflecting 'bad perfectionism') was used in a recent study involving a clinical sample of anxious and depressed people. Egan, Piek, Dyck, and Kane (2011) found that positive 'good' perfectionism was robustly correlated with greater depression (r 5 .50) in the clinical group. Their results point to the possibility that perhaps positive perfectionism can be functional at one point in someone's life but it can be quite negative when clinical dysfunction is evident or 595

PsycTESTS Dataset, 2016

Research at York St John (RaY) is an institutional repository. It supports the principles of open access by making the research outputs of the University available in digital form.

Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1990

Perfectionism is a major diagnostic criterion for one DSM-III diagnosis, and it has been hypothesized to play a major role in a wide variety of psychopathologies. Yet there is no precise definition of and there is a paucity of research on, this construct. Based on what has been theorized about perfectionism, a multidimensional measure was developed and several hypotheses regarding the nature of perfectionism were tested in four separate studies. The major dimension of this measure was excessive concern over making mistakes. Five other dimensions were identified, including high personal standards, the perception of high parental expectations, the perception of high parental criticism, the doubting of the quality of one's actions, and a preference for order and organization. Perfectionism and certain of its subscales were correlated with a wide variety of psychopathological symptoms. There was also an association between perfectionism and procrastination. Several subscales of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), personal standards and organization, were associated with positive achievement striving and work habits. The MPS was highly correlated with one of the existing measures of perfectionism. Two other existing measures were only moderately correlated with the MPS and with each other. Future studies of perfectionism should take into account the multidimensional nature of the construct.

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Principios de economía pdf

Rang and Dale's Pharmacology Flashcards, 2014

Pharmacology is not a conceptually difficult subject like theoretical physics or higher mathematics. The only problem in studying pharmacology is that a great many facts and hard-to-remember drug names have to be mastered. To get to grips with the subject it is essential to appreciate how drugs work; and to do this it is necessary to understand the underlying pathophysiological processes on which they act. Once you’ve covered the detail from lectures and textbooks, there is then the problem of making sure the information stays securely and accessibly in your memory for when you need it later in your professional life. And to do this efficiently you need to know what the essential points about any drug are, so that with these you will be able, by association, to call up fuller details. Our cards follow fairly closely the sequence of chapters in Rang & Dale (7th edition) and Dale and Haylett (2nd edition). On the front of each card there is a drug name and a diagram showing the relevant pathophysiological processes it affects (e.g. noradrenergic transmission, heart failure etc); the essential information about the drug appears on the back. The crucial facts about each drug are thus shown in the context of its mechanism of action, so that the user can lodge them securely in his/her mind, as pointers to the more detailed material buried ‘deeper’. The cards could also (whisper it) help with revising for exams