Space Technology and Applications International Forum -- STAIF 2002

SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL FORUM-STAIF 2006 10th Conference on Thermophysics Applications in Microgravity 23rdSymposium on Space Nuclear Power and Propulsion 4th Conference on Human/Robotic Technology and the National Vision for Space Exploration th 4 Symposium on Space Colonization 3rd Symposium on New Frontiers and Future Concepts Albuquerque, New Mexico 12-16 February 2006 EDITOR Mohamed S. El-Genk Institute for Space and Nuclear Power Studies University of New Mexico Al Melville, New York, 2006 75 Years of Service AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS • VOLUME 813 CONTENTS Introduction Committees Publications xvii xix xxv 10 T H CONFERENCE ON THERMOPHYSICS APPLICATIONS IN MICROGRAVITY THERMAL CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES FOR FUTURE SPACECRAFT Issues and Advancements in Space Durable Multi-Functional Thermal Control Coatings 3 J. A. Dever, M. S. Deshpande, D. A. Jaworske, and C. A. Cerbus Demonstration of a Low-Lift Heat Pump for High-Power Spacecraft Thermal Control 11 L. R. Grzyll Materials Opportunity to Electronic Composite Enclosures for Aerospace and Spacecraft Thermal Management 19 R. Watts, M. Kistner, and A. Colleary TWO-PHASE THERMAL CONTROL SYSTEMS Two-Phase Thermal Management Systems for Space 27 S. Downing, M. Andres, D. Nguyen, D. Halsey, and T. Bauch Two-Phase Pressure Drop in a Twisted Tape Boiler for a Microgravity Rankine Cycle Power System 35 R. Oinuma, D. Bean, C. Neill, K. Supak, and F. Best High Conductance Loop Heat Pipes for Space Application 43 S. Y. Semenov, W.-L. Cho, and S. M. Jensen THERMAL CONTROL FOR DEEP SPACE MISSIONS Electron Beam Exposure of Thermal Control Paints on Carbon-Carbon and CarbonPolyimide Composites D. A. Jaworske 50 VARIABLE EMMITTANCE COATINGS AND APPLICATIONS Development Status of Electrostatic Switched Radiator 56 W. Biter, S. Hess, and S. Oh Electrochromic Devices for Satellite Thermal Control 64 H. Demiryont, K. Shannon III, and R. Ponnappan Surface Power Radiative Cooling Tests 74 J. Vaughn and T. Schneider HIGH CAPACITY HEAT REJECTION SYSTEMS Thermal Analysis and Shape Optimization of an In-Space Radiator Using Genetic Algorithms. P. V. Hull, M. Tinker, M. SanSoucie, and K. Kittredge v 81 HEAT PIPE TECHNOLOGIES High Temperature Titanium-Water Heat Pipe Radiator 91 W. G. Anderson, R. Bonner, J. Hartenstine, and J. Barth High Temperature Water Heat Pipe Life Tests 100 W. G. Anderson, P. M. Dussinger, and D. Sarraf Life Test Approach for Refractory Metal/Sodium Heat Pipes 108 J. J. Martin and R. S. Reid Design, Fabrication, and Testing of High Capacity High-Temperature Monel/Water Heat Pipes 117 J. H. Rosenfeld, B. L. Drolen, and C.-Y. Lu ADVANCES IN SPRAY COOLING TECHNOLOGY Spray Cooling in Terrestrial and Simulated Reduced Gravity 126 C. A. Hunnell, J. M. Kuhlman, and D. D. Gray Spray Cooling Development Effort for Microgravity Environments 134 B. L. Rowden, R. Panneer Selvam, and E. A. Silk Effect of Vapor Bubble Size on Heat Transfer in Spray Cooling 145 R. Panneer Selvam, M. Sarkar, S. Sarkar, and R. Ponnappan 23RD SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE NUCLEAR POWER AND PROPULSION MISSIONS USING NUCLEAR POWER / PROPULSION A Saturn Ring Observer Mission Using Multi-Mission Radioisotope Power Systems 155 R. D. Abelson, T. R. Spilker, and J. H. Shirley Active Temperature Compensation Using a High-Temperature, Fiber Optic, Hybrid Pressure and Temperature Sensor 163 R. S. Fielder, M. E. Palmer, M. A. Davis, and G. P. Engelbrecht A Nuclear Powered ISRU Mission to Mars E. Finzi, A. Davighi, and A. Finzi Initial Performance Evaluation of Optical Fibers and Sensors under High-Energy Electron Beam Irradiation 173 183 M. E. Palmer, D. Slusher, and R. S. Fielder HUMAN LUNAR AND MARS MISSION POWER AND PROPULSION REQUIREMENTS AC/DC Power Systems with Applications in Future Human Habitat on Lunar and Mars Bases 193 B. H. Chowdhury, S. A. Hossain, J. T. Lawrence, and S. Barave Mission Performance of High-Power Electromagnetic Thruster Systems 201 J. Gilland, M. McGuire, T. Corale, and M. Clem NaBH4/H2O2 Fuel Cells for Lunar and Mars Exploration 209 N. Luo, G. H. Miley, J. Mather, R. Burton, G. Hawkins, R. Gimlin, J. Rusek, T. I. Valdez, and S. R. Narayanan Use of High-Power Brayton Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) for a 2033 Mars Round-Trip Mission M. L. McGuire, M. C. Martini, T. W. Packard, J. E. Weglian, and J. H. Gilland vi 222 MISSION/SYSTEMS SAFETY AND RELIABILITY Negative-Margin Criterion for Impact-Response Prediction 230 D. Anderson A Common Methodology for Safety and Reliability Analysis for Space Reactor Missions 244 M. V. Frank Evaluation of Launch Accident Safety Options for Low-Power Surface Reactors 254 C. Fung Poon and D. I. Poston INTEGRATION AND UTILIZATION OF SURFACE FISSION ENERGY SOURCES Integration and Utilization of Nuclear Systems on the Moon and Mars 262 M. G. Houts, G. R. Schmidt, S. Bragg-Sitton, R. Hickman, A. Hissam, V. Houston, J. Martin, O. Mireles, D. Poston, B. Reid, T. Schneider, E. Stewart, J. Turpin, M. Van Dyke, J. Vaughn, and D. Wagner A Comparison of Fission Power System Options for Lunar and Mars Surface Applications 270 L. S. Mason Design Options to Reduce Development Cost of First Generation Surface Reactors 281 D. I. Poston and T. F. Marcille REACTOR SYSTEMS CONCEPTS FOR SURFACE POWER A Stainless-Steel, Uranium-Dioxide, Potassium-Heatpipe-Cooled Surface Reactor 289 B. W. Amiri, B. T. Sims, D. I. Poston, and R. J. Kapernick Solid-Core, Gas-Cooled Reactor for Space and Surface Power 298 J. C. King and M. S. El-Genk SUSEE: A Compact, Lightweight Space Nuclear Power System Using Present Water Reactor Technology 308 G. Maise, J. Powell, and J. Paniagua - Design of a Low Power, Fast-Spectrum, Liquid-Metal Cooled Surface Reactor System 319 T. F. Marcille, D. D. Dixon, G. A. Fischer, S. P. Doherty, D. I. Poston, and R. J. Kapernick RADIOISOTOPE POWER SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT Validation Database Based Thermal Analysis of an Advanced RPS Concept 327 T. S. Balint and N. D. Emis Radioisotope-Based Nuclear Power Strategy for Exploration Systems Development 334 G. R. Schmidt and M. G. Houts Status of NASA's Advanced Radioisotope Power Conversion Technology Research and Development 340 W. A. Wong, D. J. Anderson, K. L. Tuttle, and R. C. Tew Thermal Analysis and Testing of a Small Radioisotope Power System Concept 348 B. G. Woods, L. C. Arnold, and T. S. Balint STANDARD/ADVANCED RPS CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS A Conceptual Titan Orbiter with Probe Mission Using Advanced Radioisotope Power Systems .356 R. D. Abelson, T. R. Spilker, and J. H. Shirley Advanced Radioisotope Power System Enabled Titan Rover Concept with Inflatable Wheels T. S. Balint, T. M. Schriener, and J. H. Shirley A Conceptual Venus Rover Mission Using Advanced Radioisotope Power Systems M. Evans, J. H. Shirley and R. D. Abelson vii -. . 364 376 SPACE NUCLEAR POWER SYSTEMS: SIMULATION AND MODELING Lunar Base Thermoelectric Power Station Study 384 W. Determan, P. Frye, J. Mondt, J.-P. Fleurial, K. Johnson, G. Stapfer, M. Brooks, and B. Heshmatpour NON-NUCLEAR TESTING IN SUPPORT OF SPACE REACTOR DEVELOPMENT Dynamic Response Testing in an Electrically Heated Reactor Test Facility 396 S. M. Bragg-Sitton and T. J. Morton Lithium Circuit Test Section Design and Fabrication 408 T. Godfrey, A. Garber, and J. Martin Feasibility of Ground Testing a Moon and Mars Surface Power Reactor in EBR-II 418 S. L. Morton, C. E. Baily, T. J. Hill, and J. E. Werner SPACE NUCLEAR REACTOR POWER SYSTEMS AND CONCEPTS How Small Can Fast-Spectrum Space Reactors Get? S. A. Hatton and M. S. El-Genk S 4 Reactor: Operating Lifetime and Estimates of Temperature and Burnup Reactivity Coefficients 426 437 J. C. King and M. S. El-Genk Radiation Shielding Design and Orientation Considerations for a 1 kWe Heat Pipe Cooled Reactor Utilized to Bore Through the Ice Caps of Mars 448 M. L. Fensin, J. O. Elliott, R. Lipinski, and D. I. Poston A Solid Core Heatpipe Reactor with Cylindrical Thermoelectric Converter Modules 456 E. D. Sayre and S. Vaidyanathan HIGH POWER ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEMS Status of Magnetic Nozzle and Plasma Detachment Experiment 465 D. G. Chavers, C. Dobson, J. Jones, M. Lee, A. Martin, J. Gregory, J. Cecil, R. D. Bengtson, B. Breizman, A. Arefiev, F. Chang-Diaz, J. Squire, T. Glover, G. McCaskill, J. Cassibry, and Z. Li Design and Construction of the PT-1 Prototype Plasmoid Thruster 474 R. H. Eskridge, P. J. Fimognari, A. K. Martin, and M. H. Lee High Power Electric Propulsion System for NEP: Propulsion and Trajectory Options C. R. Koppel, O. Duchemin, and D. Valentian 484 NUCLEAR THERMAL ROCKETS: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE Zero Boil-Off System Design and Thermal Analysis of the Bimodal Thermal Nuclear Rocket 494 R. J. Christie and D. W. Plachta Conceptual Engine System Design for NERVA Derived 66.7KN and 111.2KN Thrust Nuclear Thermal Rockets 502 J. E. Fittje and R. J. Beuhrle NUCLEAR THERMAL ROCKET TECHNOLOGY AND INTEGRATION REIMR—A Process for Utilizing Liquid Rocket Propulsion-Oriented 'Lessons Learned' to Mitigate Development Risk in Nuclear Thermal Propulsion 514 R. O. Ballard Turbopump Design and Analysis Approach for Nuclear Thermal Rockets 522 S. S. Chen, J. P. Veres, and J. E. Fittje Non Nuclear NTR Environmental Simulator 531 W. J. Emrich, Jr. viii Multiphysics Thermal-Fluid Design Analysis of a Non-Nuclear Tester for Hot-Hydrogen Material and Components Development T.-S. Wang, J. Foote, and R. Litchford 537 THERMOPHOTOVOLTAIC POWER CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY Radioisotope Micropower System Using Thermophotovoltaic Energy Conversion R. D. Koudelka, C. S. Murray, J. G. Fleming, M. J. Shaw, V. Teofilo, and C. Alexander Thermophotovoltaic Energy Conversion for Space Applications V. L. Teofilo, P. Choong, W. Chen, J. Chang, and Y-L. Tseng 545 552 THERMOELECTRIC POWER CONVERSION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Advanced High Efficiency Thermoelectric Materials L. Flanders, K. R. Cummer, J. Feinsinger, and B. Heshmatpour Fractional Watt AMTEC Converter T. K. Hunt and J. R. Rasmussen Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators Based on Segmented BiTe/PbTe-BiTe/TAGS/PbSnTe M. McAlonan, K. Patel, and K. Cummer Three-Dimensional Analyses of Skutterudite-Based Segmented Unicouples with Metallic Coating H. H. Saber and M. S. El-Genk 560 567 573 581 THERMIONIC TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION Solar Thermionic Space Power Technology Testing: A Historical Perspective S. F. Adams Solar Thermionic Test in a Thermal Receiver P. N. Clark, J.-L. Desplat, H. H. Streckert, S. F. Adams, and J. W. Smith • Thermionic Converters Based on Nanostructured Carbon Materials F. A. M. Koeck, Y. Wang, and R. J. Nemanich Thermionic Energy Conversion with Nanoscale Materials and Devices Y. Liu and T. S. Fisher 590 598 607 614 DYNAMIC POWER I—100 WE CLASS Accelerated Life Structural Benchmark Testing for a Stirling Convertor Heater Head D. L. Krause and P. T. Kantzos Low-Mass Stirling Convertor Assembly Progress Update S. Qiu, J. E. Augenblick, and D. L. Redinger Advanced Stirling Convertor Update J. G. Wood, C. Carroll, D. Matejczyk, L. B. Penswick, and E. Soendker 623 631 640 DYNAMIC POWER 11—100 KWE CLASS Rotor Support Technology Developments for Long Life Closed Brayton Cycle Turbines C. DellaCorte, K. C. Radii, R.' J. Bruckner, S. W. Bauman, B. J. Puleo, and S. A. Howard Closed Brayton Cycle (CBC) Power Generation from an Electric Systems Perspective D. G. Halsey and D. A. Fox Experimental Validation of a Closed Brayton Cycle System Transient Simulation P. K. Johnson and D. S. Hervol A Comparison of Coolant Options for Brayton Power Conversion Heat Rejection Systems J. Siamidis and L. Mason ix 653 662 673 682 SPACE REACTOR SHIELD DESIGN METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES A Study of Spacecraft Charging Due to Exposure to Interplanetary Protons N. W. Green and A. R. Frederickson Shield Design for Lunar Surface Applications G. A. Johnson Lunar Surface Reactor Shielding Study S. Kang, R. Lipinski, and W. McAlpine 694 701 707 THERMAL ENERGY TRANSPORT AND HEAT REJECTION TECHNOLOGY High Temperature Water Heat Pipes Radiator for a Brayton Space Reactor Power System M. S. El-Genk and J.-M. Tournier Bellows-Type Accumulators for Liquid Metal Loops of Space Reactor Power Systems J.-M. Tournier and M. S. El-Genk MMRTG Heat Rejection Summary A. V. von Arx 716 730 743 REFRACTORY METAL SYSTEM DESIGN, MANUFACTURING, FABRICATION, AND JOINING TECHNIQUES The Effect of the Presence of 2 wt% Hafnium in T-lll C. D. Barklay, D. P. Kramer, and R. G. Miller Preliminary Investigations of Joining Technologies for Attaching Refractory Metals to Ni-Based Superalloys J. E. Gould, F. J. Ritzert, and W. S. Loewenthal Thermal-Mechanical Studies for Gas-Cooled Space Reactor Designs R. J. .Kapernick and W. C. Creamer Fabricating the Solid Core Heat Pipe Reactor P. J. Ring, E. D. Sayre, and M. Houts 751 757 766 776 ADVANCED NUCLEAR CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGIES FIREBALL: Fusion Ignition Rocket Engine with Ballistic Ablative Lithium Liner A. K. Martin, R. H. Eskridge, P. J. Fimognari, and M. H. Lee An Investigation of Bremsstrahlung Reflection in a Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) Propulsion Device R. Thomas, G. H. Miley, and F. Mead Planetary Surface Power and Interstellar Propulsion Using Fission Fragment Magnetic Collimator Reactor P. V. Tsvetkov, R. R. Hart, D. B. King, and G. E. Rochau 783 795 803 NUCLEAR T H E R M A L R O C K E T S : PAST, PRESENT, AND F U T U R E II Parametric Sizing of Composite Metal Lined Tanks for Bimodal Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Applications G. H. Abumeri and J. M. Roche Parametric Weight Study of Cryogenic Metallic Tanks for the "Bimodal" NTR Mars Vehicle Concept D. N. Kosareo and J. M. Roche Bimodal Nuclear Thermal Rocket Sizing and Trade Matrix for Lunar, Near Earth Asteroid and Mars Missions D. R. McCurdy, T. M. Krivanek, J. M. Roche, and R. Zinolabedini 811 819 827 Structural Analyses of the Support Trusses for the Nuclear Thermal Rocket Engines and Drop Tanks 837 D. E. Myers and D. N. Kosareo NUCLEAR THERMAL ROCKETS: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE III LANTR Engine Optimization for Lunar Missions 847 M. J. Bulman, G. Poth, and S. Borowski 3D Reacting Flow Analysis of LANTR Nozzles 858 M. E. M. Stewart, T. M. Krivanek, J. A. Hemminger, and M. J. Bulman NUCLEAR THERMAL ROCKETS: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE IV An Integrated Analysis of a NERVA Based Nuclear Thermal Propulsion System 870 H. Ludewig, L.-Y. Cheng, L. Ecker, and M. Todosow Mini-MITEE: Ultra Small, Ultra Light NTP Engines for Robotic Science and Manned Exploration Missions 879 J. Powell, G. Maise, and J. Paniagua RADIOISOTOPE POWER SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND MISSIONS Small Power Technology for Tetrahedral Rovers 889 P. E. Clark, S. R. Floyd, C. D. Butler, and Y. Flom Concept for a Radioisotope Powered Dual Mode Lunar Rover 898 J. O. Elliott, T. M. Schriener, and K. Coste Radiation Environments and Exposure Considerations for the Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator 906 W. M. Kelly, N. M. Low, A. Zillmer, G. A. Johnson, and E. Normand REACTOR SYSTEMS CONCEPTS FOR SURFACE POWER—II Design Considerations and Conceptual Designs for Surface Nuclear Power Systems for the Moon and Mars 920 D. L. Blessing and J. Kirkland Design of a 25-kWe Surface Reactor System Based on SNAP Reactor Technologies 932 D. D. Dixon, M. T. Hiatt, D. I. Poston, and R. J. Kapernick Lunar Fission Surface Power System Design and Implementation Concept 942 J. O. Elliott, K. Reh, and D. MacPherson Water and Regolith Shielding for Surface Reactor Missions 953 D. I. Poston, B. J. Ade, P. Sadasivan, K. J. Leichliter, and D. D. Dixon 4 T H CONFERENCE ON HUMAN/ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGY AND THE NATIONAL VISION FOR SPACE EXPLORATION CROSS-CUTTING MODULAR DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR APPLICATION TO A NEAR-TERM SOLAR ELECTRIC TRANSPORT SPACECRAFT—I Framework for Defining and Assessing Benefits of a Modular Assembly Design Approach for Exploration Space Systems J. T. Dorsey, T. J. Collins, R. V. Moe, and W. R. Doggett xi 969 Flight Mechanics and Control Requirements for a Modular Solar Electric Tug Operating in Earth-Moon Space 982 G. Woodcock and D. Wingo CROSS-CUTTING MODULAR DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR APPLICATION TO A NEAR-TERM SOLAR ELECTRIC TRANSPORT SPACECRAFT—II Reconfiguration of EVA Modular Truss Assemblies Using an Anthropomorphic Robot 992 M. A. Diftler, W. R. Doggett, J. S. Mehling, and B. D. King Truss Performance and Packaging Metrics 1000 M. M. Mikulas, T. J. Collins, W. Doggett, J. Dorsey, and J. Watson Methodology for Evaluating Modular Assembly of Large Space Platforms 1010 J. H. Smith, J. Wertz, and L. Caroff Architecture for a Mobile Lunar Base Using Lunar Materials 1022 D. V. Smitherman, Jr., V. Dayal, and D. J. Dunn II 4 T H SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE COLONIZATION SPACE TOURSIM/ADVENTURES Lunar Colonization and NASA's Exploration Changes 1033 R. B. Gavert Designing the Orbital Space Tourism Experience 1041 D. Webber SPACE EXPLORATION Conceptual Design for Interplanetary Spaceship Discovery 1049 M. G. Benton, Sr. Mars Transfer Vehicle and Lander Concepts for Human Exploration Missions in the 2031-2038 Time Frame 1061 B. B. Donahue StarTram: An Ultra Low Cost Launch System to Enable Large Scale Exploration of the Solar System 1071 J. Powell, G. Maise, and J. Paniagua SPACE BASES ON THE MOON Power System Concepts for the Lunar Outpost: A Review of the Power Generation, Energy Storage, Power Management and Distribution (PMAD) System Requirements and Potential Technologies for Development of the Lunar Outpost 1083 Z. Khan, A. Vranis, A. Zavoico, S. Freid, and B. Manners SPACE RESOURCE UTILIZATION ON THE MOON Effect of Water Ice Content on Excavatibility of Lunar Regolith 1093 L. Gertsch, R. Gustafson, and R. Gertsch A Vibrofluidized Reactor for Resource Extraction from Lunar Regolith V. Nayagam and K. R. Sacksteder xii 1101 SPACE RESOURCE UTILIZATION ON MARS Development of a MicroChannel In Situ Propellant Production System 1111 K. Brooks, S. Rassat, J. Hu, S. Stenkamp, S. Schlahta, J. Bontha, J. Holladay, T. Simon, K. Romig, and C. Howard In Situ Manufacturing of Plastics and Composites to Support H&R Exploration 1122 S. Carranza, D. B. Makel, and B. Blizman MicroChannel Reactors for ISRU Applications Using Nanofabricated Catalysts 1130 S. Carranza, D. B. Makel, R. L. Vander Wai, G. M. Berger, and V. V. Pushkarev Recovering the Atmospheric Resources of Mars: Updating the MARRS Study 1138 C. England and J. D. Hrubes SPACE SETTLEMENTS/COLONIES Next X-Prize: LI Base with Linked Asteroid Mining as Prime Catalyst for Space Enterprise 1145 K. R. Erickson The Astrosociology of Space Colonies: Or the Social Construction of Societies in Space 1153 J. Pass A New Method of Space Travel Optimized for Space Tourism and Colonization 1162 P. A. Turek Validation of Tailored Force Fields Concept for Use in Space-Based Construction 1170 S. S. Wanis and N. M. Komerath TERRAFORMING, DOMED ECOSYSTEMS AND PLANETARY SURFACES Mars X: A Mars Mission Architecture with Lunar-Mars Synergy 1178 J. E. Brandenburg 3 RD SYMPOSIUM ON NEW FRONTIERS AND FUTURE CONCEPTS POTENTIAL FRONTIERS An Evolutionary Model for Space Solar Power 1189 N. Boechler, S. Hameer, S. Wanis, and N. Komerath The GEM (Gravity-Electro-Magnetism) Theory of Field Unification: Experimental Progress 1197 J. E. Brandenburg Parallel Path Magnetic Technology for High Efficiency Power Generators and Motor Drives C. J. Flynn, N. B. Talsoe, and J. J. Childress 1205 ADVANCED T E C H N O L O G I E S F O R T E R R E S T R I A L (EARTH, LUNAR & MARS) BASED P R O P U L S I O N AND P O W E R C O N C E P T S — I A Contamination-Free Ultrahigh Precision Formation Flying Method for Micro-, Nano-, and Pico-Satellites with Nanometer Accuracy 1213 Y. K. Bae Advanced Technology and Breakthrough Physics for 2025 and 2050 Military Aerospace Vehicles D. Froning and P. Czysz Propulsion and Power Generation Capabilities of a Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) Fusion System for Future Military Aerospace Vehicles S. D. Knecht, R. E. Thomas, F. B. Mead, G. H. Miley, and D. Froning xiii 1224 1232 Space Propulsion Based on Dipole Assisted IEC System G. H. Miley, H. Momota, and P. J. Shrestha, R. Thomas, Y. Takeyama 1240 ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR TERRESTRIAL (EARTH, LUNAR & MARS) BASED PROPULSION AND POWER CONCEPTS—II Generation of Gravitational Waves with Nuclear Reactions G. Fontana and R. M. L. Baker, Jr. Experimental Data Demonstrating Augmentation of Ambient Gravitational and Geomagnetic Fields D. Graham Closed-Form Solutions to the Transient/Steady-State Navier-Stokes Fluid Dynamic Equations P. A. Murad An Adjoint Random-Walk Solution to the Heliospheric Transport Equation K. O'Brien 1249 1256 1264 1272 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND NEW CONCEPTS WITHIN CURRENT PHYSICAL MODELS—I Piezoelectric-Crystal-Resonator High-Frequency Gravitational Wave Generation and Synchro-Resonance Detection R. M. L. Baker, Jr., R. C. Woods, and F. Li Minimum Experimental Standards in the Laboratory Search for Gravity Effects H. Reiss and G. Hathaway A Novel Variable-Focus Lens for HFGW R. C. Woods High-Frequency Gravitational Wave Optics R. C. Woods 1280 1290 1297 1305 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND NEW CONCEPTS WITHIN CURRENT PHYSICAL MODELS—II Experimental Study of the Machian Mass Fluctuation Effect Using a p. N Thrust Balance N. Buldrini, K. Marhold, B. Seifert, and M. Tajmar The Woodward Effect: Math Modeling and Continued Experimental Verifications at 2 to 4 MHz P. March and A. Palfreyman Electromagnetic Nonlinearity in the Dielectric Medium of Experimental EM ImpulseMomentum Systems G. A. Robertson Mach's Principle, Flux Capacitors, and Propulsion J. F. Woodward and P. Vandeventer 1313 1321 1333 1341 THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS—WARP DRIVES, FTL SPEED TRAVEL & OTHERS Ultra-High-Intensity Lasers for Gravitational Wave Generation and Detection R. M. L. Baker, Jr., F. Li, and R. Li Experimental Concepts for Generating Negative Energy in the Laboratory E. W. Davis and H. E. Puthoff Exact Relativistic 'Antigravity' Propulsion F. S. Felber The Alcubierre Warp Drive in Higher Dimensional Spacetime H. G. White and E. W. Davis xiv 1352 1362 1374 1382 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND NEW CONCEPTS WITHIN CURRENT PHYSICAL MODELS—III Review of Experimental Concepts for Studying the Quantum Vacuum Field 1390 E. W. Davis, V. L. Teofilo, B. Haisch, H. E. Puthoff, L. J. Nickisch, A. Rueda, and D. C. Cole Traveling in the Computational Universe 1402 G. Fontana Is Faster-Than-Light Communication Possible? 1409 R. W. Jensen Gravitomagnetic Fields in Rotating Superconductors to Solve Tate's Cooper Pair Mass Anomaly 1415 M. Tajmar and C. de Matos Author Index 1421 xv