White-collar crime: an opportunity perspective

STJ00105724 White-Collar Crime lake the An Opportunity Perspective tlar- lhird Edition the .phs ldiand and CORE inalProvided by Biblioteca Digital Jurídica do Superior Tribunal de Justiça Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Michael L. Benson and Sa11y S. Simpson md I~ ~J;up NEW YORK ANO lONOON STJ00105724 ~ Thírd edition published 2018 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, ~Y 1l30SLt 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint ifthe Taylor & Franâs Graup, an informa business © 2018 Taylor & Francis The right of Michae1 L. Benson and Sal1y S. Simpson to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Ali rights reserved. No part of this book m ay be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any e1ectronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing fTOm the publíshers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Fírst edition published by Routledge 2009 Second edition published by Routledge 2015 Library ifCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Benson, Michael L., author. 1 Simpson, Sally S., author. Tide: White-collar crime: an opportunity perspective / Michael L. Benson and Sally S. Simpson. Other titles: Understanrung white-collar crime. Description: Third Edítion. 1 New York : Routledge, 2018.1 Sedes: Criminology and justice studies sedes 1 Revised edition of the authors' U nderstanding white-collar crime, 2015. 1 Indudes bibliographical references. Identitiers: LCCN 2017038257 (print) 1 LCC::-I 2017041439 (ebook) 1 ISBN 9781315267609 (master) 1 ISBN 9781138288881 (hardback) 1 ISBN 9781138288898 (pbk.) Subjects: LCSB: White collar crimes. Cla~sifcton: LCC BV6768 (ebook) 1 LCC BV6768 .B465 2017 (print) 1 DDC 364.16/8-dc23 LC record available at htrps:lllccn.loc.gov/2017038257 ISBN: 978-1-138-28888-1 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-138-28889-8 (pbk) ISBr\: 978-1-315-26760-9 (ebk) Typeset in Adobe Caslon and Copperplate Gothíc by Apex CoVantage, LLC Visit the eResources: www.routledge.com/9781138288898 STJ00105724 CONTENTS PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION XI PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION XIII PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION XVI ACKNOWLEDGM ENTS XIX PART I WHITE-COLLAR CRIME: INTROOUCTION ANO OVERVIEW WHAT 2 WHO PART 11 ls ls 3 WHITE-COLLAR CRIME? 20 THE WHITE-COLLAR OFFENDER? CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORY ANO THE OPPORTUNITY 49 PERSPECTIVE 3 EXPLAINING WHITE-COLLAR CRIME: TRADITIONAL 51 CRIMINOLOGICAL THEORIES 4 EXPLAINING WHITE-COLLAR CRIME: OPPORTUNITY PERSPECTIVE IX 80 STJ00105724 x CONTENTS 111 ApPlYING THE QpPORTUNITY PERSPECTIVE TO PART WHITE-COlLAR CRIME 5 99 FINANCIAL CRIMES IN HEALTH CARE, MORTGAGES, SECURITIES, ANO MARKETS 101 6 CORPORATE VIOLENCE: ENVIRONMENTAL, WORKPLACE, ANO MANUFACTURING OFFENSES PART IV THE SYMBOLlC CONSTRUCTION ANO SOCIAL DISTRIBUTION OF QpPORTUNITIES 7 155 THE SOCIAL DISTRIBUTION OF OPPORTUNITY: CLASS, GENOER, ANO RACE PART V 180 CONTROl, PREVENTION, ANO THE FUTURE OF WHITE-COlLAR CRIME 9 153 THE SYMBOLlC CONSTRUCTION OF OPPORTUNITY: NEUTRALlZATION, MORAL DISENGAGEMENT, ANO NORMALlZATION OF DEVIANCE 8 129 203 Lt:GAL CONTROLS: THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE, REGULATORY, ANO CIVIL JUSTICE SYSTEMS 205 10 OPPORTUNITIES ANO SITUATIONAL PREVENTION OF WHITE-COLLAR CRIME: USING LEGAL ANO EXTRALEGAL CONTROLS 222 11 OPPORTUNITIES ANO THE FUTURE OF WHITE-COLLAR CRIME 237 REFERENCES 248 INOEX 268