Freie Universität Berlin
John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies
Department of Sociology
Seminar 32602
News Media Structures in the USA
Socio-technologic excursion into Social networks
thumbs up
Simon Schilling
Introduction
It is common practice within the “5th Estate” of various blogging
networks, to show approval through a “thumbs up” icon. Some of the
ironic aspects which approval in context with negative news
communicates, shall be attempted to describe under a
phenomenology invented by engineer Edward Murphy.
The thumb icon, first of all is intended to function like a “4th
Dimension noosphere” smalltalk of a reader to another reader with
the aim of agreement. Christine M. Tracy introduces this concept
which she traces back to Pierre Chardin de Teilhardt’s, the French
theologian and forerunner of an integral world view, who explains a
secular associational standpoint that combines religios perception in
the “noosphere”, to her readers that.
Parallel to the enlightened Estate of a Newspaper institution, much
of the thumb activity in blogging runs parallel, in a global dimension.
As if this Estate wanted to reconfigure itself for the classic
“noosphere”.
This juxtaposed interdisciplinary re configurative noosphere network
of small-talk can be compared to Irish Dentist Edward Hallaran
Bennett’s treatment and documentation of fractured thumbs, while
at the same time the infamous American light bulb tinkerer was
almost daily mentioned in newspapers. Thomas Edison had managed
to get ahead of a rival with a similar generic bulb, William Swan. The
privilege of a high qualified Professor of anatomy to enjoy the
marginal markets of power through newspaper dispatch transmission
most mentionable with Associated Press, may even have led
authorities like him, to inspire documented serialization of processes
even like a splint implantation process into the metacarpal bone of
patients with a fracture. In the distinction to Paris Powder bandage
treatment, documentations as such have with the reconfiguration of
world markets for electric light technology begun to impact world
markets.
In terms of ideology “thumbs up” it is well worth to mention Edward
Murphy’s invention of 1949: “Murphy’s Law”: “If anything can go wrong, it
will”. The law was based on an interdisciplinary approval, which the
engineer Edward Murphy couldn’t give, because he had detected that the
technician had wired the transducer wrong. That principle was similar like
an approval through English Post Officer William Preece, accountable (like a
colonel) for English governmental intelligence to Edison appliances of his
incandescent light bulb- the passive rather dim medium with a bamboo
filament1 with an inorganic structural aggregate, this power structure had
capability to create community. Introduced at a Paris exhibition in 1881, by
various inventors, interdisciplinary Preece approved, in a way that he
accused Edison of duplicity context. This dubious approval through todays
“5th Estate” lens, alludes to much later – to Edward Murphy’s engineering
pragmatism with a simple worker’s performance, it could stand for an
organic aggregate of workers about to be centralized. Herbert Spencer
differentiates Society through aggregate individuals in his paragraph 213.
As the signal for the doom that everything goes wrong, thanks to the
general wrong impression of no loss of function through structural
variation, the engineering pragmatism of interdisciplinary approval
practically leaves a renegade tinkerer. This works in the accusation of an
enslavement of an unfree worker as the object of a, centralized
administrative systems. At the Social network Facebook come times, when
one reads a blog that contains a swastika, instead of a differentiated report.
Within that context, a blogger has the opportunity to show to the 4.
Dimension Institution of 5. Estate that there is a parallel inorganic structure,
which is out of discussion and rather subject to “Murphy’s law”, because it
represents a defunctional structure, which is not debatable.
1
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group. New
York 2013, Pg. 42
Sensationalist temptation in New York City’s Newspaper market
through Romans-Feuilleton juxtaposition of entertainment to
blanket format papers’ neutrality
In his antebellum novel “Hot Corn” from 1854, dedicated to Horace
Greeley’s New York Tribune staff at Nassau Ave, Solon Robinson
describes a setting at Battery Park on Hudson Bay that could be
identified relevant for Benjamin Morgan’s Sun penny paper, in the
description how Bill and Sally sell hot corn in a way that reminds of
newspaper carrier practices with penny papers and they become
orphans when their father Bill Eaton, a slum character that appears
to allude to a Whig Party tobacco inspector, accused of malpractice in
his office, dies tragically. His Daughter Sally, through the urban Slum
environment is in jeopardy of a fate portentous to “Fleur de Mari”
that could be read in a previous romans-feuilleton publication of
Parisian import from Eugène Sue, titled “The Mysteries of Paris:
Being the Last and Concluding Chapters of the Story Just Received
from Paris and Wholly Omitted in Harpers Edition!” that had
appeared in the Anglo-American literature publication “New World”2
that ran 10 years until 1845, through J. Winchester in New York City.
This social threat of her victimization was reflected through the
model of Sally’s “playmate” Julia Antrim. The defamatory campaign
against a Whig tobacco inspector in penny papers, had leaked to the
New York Tribune a neutrally managed perspective, in a struggle for
decency of format, against other “blanket” format newspapers of
reputation, shortly after its demise.
Robinson almost seems to
underscore New York Herald
Tribune editor James Gordon
Bennett’s previous claims as a
sublime force of colonial goods
dumping that The Sun was a
“small decrepit penny paper, owned and controlled by a set of woolyheaded and thick-lipped Negroes”3 when he describes Bill Eatons
forfeit life of rum malpractice. This may have affirmed the hard New
2
Blumin, Stuart M. New York by Gaslight and Other Urban Sketches by George G. Foster-Introduction-.
University of California Press. Berkley and Los Angeles 1990, Pg. 22-23
3
Kluger, Richard. The Paper-The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune. Alfred A. Knopf. New York
1986, Pg. 45
York newspaper situation for a follower of associationalism, Whig
temperance man Horace Greeley, tempted to polarize around this
position towards the penny paper. When Union man Greeley shortly
after he moved into Nassau Street with the “Trib’s” two-cylinder
printing press,4 George Foster already worked at “Aurora” nextdoor.5 Foster later married Madame de Marguerittes, daughter of an
Italian Jewish Doctor from London and journalist of Sunday Times6
while he was in Moyamensing prison, for a counterfit signature for a
note to his Tailor, on behalf of Theatre owner William E. Burton’s
expense, despite his exclaimed personal aversions towards
Dandyism.7 The forceful influence of the Mystery feuilleton of Sue on
Foster may have arguably captivated the writer to a fellow pendant.
At that time New York side of the River Hudson valley Foster had
already drawn a gothic cartography into the public’s minds, through
his “Trib” -published street wisdom, in which Broadway represents
the opulence and grandeur of New York City, juxtaposed to which’s
Social significance, the morale pendant of Wall Street’s
representation of power lies in the sensationalist reporter’s “upper
ten thousand”.8 Against the “Sun”, Foster in 1848 had thanks to
Greeley gained the opportunity to lead tabloid journalism in the
“New York Tribune” with “New York in Slices” which in a later book
form earned him the alias “Gaslight” Foster.9
Sensationally Tribune helps guard presidential “house” association
and with the saved State Union gains agency in Victorian London
government networks with the New York Newspaper’s personae
gratae status.
Horace Greeley, believer of a mutually beneficial industriousness, in
the August 19th 1862 issue of the New York Tribune, distinguished
abolition of slavery as a Union cause, when he connected rebellion of
the South to disloyalty to the Union and thus Rebellion to the
institution of slavery.10 The stoic Abraham Lincoln, to whom this “The
Prayer of 20 Millions” letter was addressed in the Tribune, hadn’t
initially supported the “higher law” doctrine that despised slavery
morally, like Greeley did. His 1854 Whig “house divided” speech
4
Blumin, Stuart M. New York by Gaslight and Other Urban Sketches by George G. Foster-Introduction-.
University of California Press. Berkley and Los Angeles 1990, Pg. 13
5
Blumin, Stuart M. New York by Gaslight and Other Urban Sketches by George G. Foster-Introduction-.
University of California Press. Berkley and Los Angeles 1990, Pg. 33-34
6
Ibid, Pg 42-43
7
Blumin, Stuart M. New York by Gaslight and Other Urban Sketches by George G. Foster-Introduction-.
University of California Press. Berkley and Los Angeles 1990, Pg 42
88
Ibid, Pg 58
9
Ibid, Pg 19
10
Cortissoz, Royal. The New York Tribune-Incidents and Personalities in its History. The Scribner Press, New
York 1923, Pg. 3-4
however, had closely resembled a Theatre House metaphor in the
governed. As a response to “The Prayer of 20 Millions”, Lincoln
agreed in the rebellion cause of disloyalty. The social implication for
the gilded age in the entertainment-related terminology of the Whig
will earn some sociologic dedication in the following description of
the background of public attention to a Showtime for American
Theater, in otherwise English-import dominated troops.
Sensationalist Greeley
Bennett Sr. very early, when Greeley hadn’t
yet been Whig-party member, in a positon
over a case where the murderers of a Sea
captain had vacated their corpse’s bed in
Salem, in 1830 in his Courier
and Enquirer newspaper
seemed to try to refine a
certain format in newspapers’ detail.11 (Six penny
Times blankets12) The Scottish editor had
characterized the right to a certain explicity of
journalistic truth when he used the image of a
courts’ Jury’s right for truth: “It is an old wormeaten Gothic dogma of the courts to consider publicity as
destructive..”13
The entrepreneurial editor James Gordon Bennett rivalled Horace
Greeley not only in his political alignment.
Opulence in New York City
For one thing Horace Greeley had initially little interest in Theatre,
after the newly founded Tribunes’ advent in 1841.14 Nevertheless his
carriers, in competition for street customers had, in a tone of
etiquette, addressed these with emphasis to their sense of muse. In
January 1847 this practice had become published in a booklet.15
When the Astor Place Riot as an accumulation of the American
Question of entertainment, brought out penny news journalism of
Ned Buntline dimension16, eventually a downright frontier of
vaudeville and saloons emerged. Buntline’s real name was E.Z.C.
11
Kluger, Richard. The Paper-The Life and Death of the New York Herald Tribune. Alfred A. Knopf. New York
1986, Pg. 32
12
Ibid, Pg. 34
13
Ibid, Pg. 32
14
Ibid, Pg. 49
15
Cortissoz, Royal. The New York Tribune-Incidents and Personalities in its History. The Scribner Press, New
York 1923, Pg. 14
16
Taylor, George Rogers. Gaslight Foster: A New York “Journeyman Journalist” at Mid-Century. George Rogers
New York History. 58,3 (1977)Pg. 297-312 ProQuest Accessed February 2017 Pg. 307
Judson who wrote generic mystery novels, of the Eugène Sue “New
World” romans-feuilleton style, like “Mysteries and Miseries of New
York” or “The B’hoys of New York” 17 which had levered upon
“Gaslight” Foster. At the Astor Place Riots in 1848, Charles Macready
had become undermined through “B’hoys” when, as the New York
Tribune reckoned, a “disastrous endeavor for which a subject, (..) will
boast of his readiness to fight for liberty” was realised. The B’hoys
cause for American exceptional entertainment, was designated to
distract the Shakespeare play and it did.18
Need for Sensation in the high circulation daily “Trib”
One year after that disaster at 8th Street/Lafayette, where rotten
tomatoes and chairs were only the least casualties, George Goodrich
Foster, as we have learned with the juxtaposition of Anglo-American
Romans-Feuilleton pearls of entertainment to neutral memorandum,
could join Horace Greeley’s New York Tribune in 1848, when the
“Trib” had been established for 7 years.19 “Gaslight Foster” earned
his reputation as an urban “journeyman journalist” at a time when
Transcendentalist authors, associated with Horace Greeley, stayed
unaware of the urban situation in the realms of developing urban
infrastructure (which the Tribune supported as means of
employment)20 Foster dealt to a high degree with Theatre district
cases. Casualties within a dense aggregate of individuals. It could be
argued that Foster in racially prejudiced positions against blacks had
forfeit is “Tribune” reputation, when he corresponded Greeley’s
friend and associate Rufus Griswold in the spirit of Southern Chattel
slavery slave-ownership.21 Herbert Spencer as an early English
Sociologist at the turn of the century in a sociologic paragraph
concluded from nominalism’s ‘species’’ aggregate that society’s
aggregate was the same (therefore “society” is not simply a house,
but rather the tenants, following Spencer). (§212)22 Foster’s position
had been misanthropic.
Personae Gratae opportunities for enlightening
17
Blumin, Stuart M. New York by Gaslight and Other Urban Sketches by George G. Foster-Introduction-.
University of California Press. Berkley and Los Angeles 1990, Pg. 25
18
Gabler, Neal. Life the Movie- How Entertainment Conquered Reality. Alfred A. Knopf. New York 1998, Pg. 35
19
Taylor, George Rogers. Gaslight Foster: A New York “Journeyman Journalist” at Mid-Century. George Rogers
New York History. 58,3 (1977)Pg. 297-312 ProQuest Accessed February 2017 Pg.303
20
Ibid, Pg. 306
21
Blumin, Stuart M. New York by Gaslight and Other Urban Sketches by George G. Foster-Introduction-.
University of California Press. Berkley and Los Angeles 1990
22
Spencer, Herbert. The Principles of Sociology. D. Appleton and Company. New York 1898, Pg. 447-448
Morally for Greeley, G.W. Smalley as a war
reporter though, had a higher value. Smalley’s
Tribune report on the fierceness of Maryland’s
Antitam battle (with confederate General Lee’s
strategic defeat) in Fall 1862, may have reached
as far as to have evoked popular
“enlightenment” on behalf of the brutal
realities of the rebellion, in the widely
expanded readership of the metropolitan Newspaper. This may be
argued to have contributed to a formation of the (blue) Mountain
State of West Virginia in 1863, as a Union guard of the Jefferson
state, where Monticello had been
neoclassic home of the United States
founding member President. G.W.
Smalley wrote his war report in part
on the railroad train. He had had
trouble when he tried to telegraph his
Antitam report from at Maryland’s 30 mile distant Fredericksburg
Virginia station, so he took the train in order to turn it in in person.23
When G.W. Smalley had by 1870 become a London correspondent,
his hard edge writing style had bequeathed him with the privilege to
give a London based report of Prussian victory
in the Sedan battle of the Prussio-French War.24
Through Holt White as his journalist, the agent
that had just in 1869, when black males
gradually gained suffrage, shortly before the
15th amendment was stipulated in the USA,
witnessed the Prussians in their return to Berlin
after the Austro-Prussian War, the journeyman
learned of the victory of Prussians in the Sedan Battle.
Romantic reserve in the heartland
Andrew Hickenhooper had, as an engineer for the Union Army in
1862, opportunity to earn his reputation. When in the 1870’s this
individual fought for the American Gaslight survival, especially
associated with Cinncinati gas, he may have had an inclination to a
format of journalism that James Gordon Benett tried to cover. 25
When in 1877 Hickenhooper earned the reputation as the
“Commodore” of the city’s “4-C- The Celestial Coal Smoke and Coke
23
Cortissoz, Royal. The New York Tribune-Incidents and Personalities in its History. The Scribner Press, New York
1923, Pg. 23-24
24
Cortissoz, Royal. The New York Tribune-Incidents and Personalities in its History. The Scribner Press, New York
1923, Pg 26
25
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013, Pg. 76
Company”26, one feels reminded of James Gordon Bennetts
enthusiasm for the Sea Captain and his murderers in Salem,
Massachusetts through Cincinnati community, which the man of
Scotch descent had used as an argument for maximum detail
reporting, with a nominal characterization of victims along with their
perpetrators. Spencer’s Paragraph 213 declares that society is not an
inorganic aggregate.27 It reminds of the situation that Horace
Greeley, the Unitarist, reported on in a dense social aggregate. In his
advice of a westward movement, he endeavoured to shift DutchArminian antinomialism like New York Tribune’s promotion of
associations with transcendentalists like Ralph Waldo Emerson
towards frontiers.28 The same may have been valid for
Hickenhooper’s frontier of township gloom, ignorant of Societies
wants as a fulfillment of James Gordon Bennetts plans. He may have
feared the sellout of the heartland through “scadders”29 that would
through a reconfiguration be able to access Western Associated Press
networks, without New York Tribune or Sun newspaper’s
involvement. William Henry Smith was at that time in charge for
Western Associated Press (WAP),30 to give Western Estate Agents the
opportunity to make offerings to a “dark” European Continental
market, like James Gordon Benett Jr. saw foresaw un-girdled
territories in England. 31
In a sense of such Union Guard, as the knowledgeable Smalley had
kept upon with his journeyman journalism observations, native
Clevelander Charles Brush contributed to New York City Broadway
illumination with a wide abandonment of gaslights. Where
Hickenhooper felt an electric light hazard that would counterfeit the
atmosphere, Smalley feared dark feuilleton-romance of an
unenlightened “New York Tribune” readership. The Washington
correspondents of the New York Tribune have been personae gratae
at the White House. E.V. Smalley had a high status at Washington.
32The Belfast News-Letter right with the completed transatlantic
cable 1866 from Valentia Island telegraphy station had fabulated how
“within a few brief minutes, not merely to telegraph from London to
26
Ibid, Pg. 78
Spencer, Herbert. The Principles of Sociology. D. Appleton and Company. New York 1898, Pg.448
28
Williams, Robert C.. Horace Greeley-Champion of American Freedom. The New York University Press. New
York 2006, Pg 82
29
Holzaepfel, Todd, Palmer Stanley, Cawthon, Elizabeth and Saxon, Gerald. British Influences on the American
and Canadian West: Capital, Cattle, and Clubs, 1870-1910 (2009); ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Pg 60
30
Blondheim, Menahem. News over the Wires: The Telegraph and the Flow of Public Information in America,
1844-1897. Vol. 42. Cambridge, Mass.U.a.:Harvard U, 1994 Print
31
Müller, Simone M. "Weltcommunication." Wiring the World. Columbia UP, 2016. Wiring the World, Chapter
4. Web, Pg. 133
32
Cortissoz, Royal. The New York Tribune-Incidents and Personalities in its History. The Scribner Press, New
York 1923
27
New York, (..) but the golddigger [sic] at California may if he wishes,
communicate within an hour or two with a Parsee merchant in
Bombay.”33 With the Telegraph Act of 1870 British landlines of news
telegraphy, relevant for Irish underwater telegraphy had been passed
into the British government hands.34 This conjuncture may have
passed a high amount of responsibility of telegraphic charges for the
journeyman journalist Smalley in faraway “Scadder”-land. Gordon
Bennett Jr. had right when Belfasts Newsletter had fabulated,
inherited the New York Herald. Moguls like Gordon Benett Jr. created
the notion of a “dark continent” or faraway places that lay outside of
the system like Hickenhooper. Bennett roamed the oceans or spent
time in Paris35 in an outcast state and relied on a “shrinkage of the
globe”36Simone Müller under reference of Frank Bösch’s evaluation
of media events from since the 18th century, points out, how
telegraphic networks connected markets, rather than people.37
While an inorganic structure Powerhouse begins to be pushed
through, with illuminated streets, parallel transatlantic receptors
reconfigure AP transmitter-spots against Bennett’s Commercial
Cable Company aggregate, “outside of the System”, mainly with Jay
Gould’s new submarine Siemens duplex cables to Cornwall.
Enlightening as if to beg for “Thumbs up”
As a special refinement of English Sir Humphrey Davy’s 1810 Arc
lights,38 Charles Brush had deputed in April 1879 in Monument Park,
Ohio.39 The “Great White Way” furthermore was a ¾ mile stretch of
New York City Broadway, where 23 Charles Brush Arc Lamps from
Union Square up to Madison, were lined up in December 1880.40 The
Charles Brush Arc Lights stretch idea, was not only to surpass the
once progressive gaslight, which was more and more perceived as a
lurid setting for crime41. Historically it ushered, like the following
introduction of the incandescent light, the long processed Thomas
33
Müller, Simone M. "Weltcommunication." Wiring the World. Columbia UP, 2016. Wiring the World, Chapter
4. Web, Pg 129
34
Ibid, Pg. 131
35
Ibid, Pg 133
36
Ibid, Pg 120
37
Ibid, Pg. 129
38
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013 Pg. 16
39
Ibid, Pg 21
40
Ibid, Pg. 48
41
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013, Pg. 55
Edison Menlo Park demonstration of the incandescent light bulb in. 42
City airs’ “fogs” could be made transluscent through electric light.43
Edison’s grid-fed structure for gentle lights
Then the 220 tons heavy Edison Dynamo named “Jumbo” 1881
tributed at a Paris exhibition,44 at the same time as English Swan
lamps were employed as incandescent streetlamps in Newcastle and
Northumberland.45 Through English Post office engineer William
Preece, Edisons achievement was “approved of” and Edison was
titled the “Professor of Duplicity” in Paris.46 Community with
inorganic aggregates is a part of social growth. (§214)47 Society in
England had at that time, similar to a journalist’s agent’s first hand
report, gained an aggregate community fed grid. Not too much
earlier, AP’s news dispatch trader Daniel Craig had in the US
attempted to establish newsrooms for communal access to
telegraphy.48 With that grid, the following year, lower Manhattan
financial institutions could in contrast to Western Arc Lights, that like
in the New Jersey train depot’s49 display, that shone into Greeley’s
New York Tribune office, enjoy a communally dim incandescent light
aggregate, also unlike the bright Broadway stretch, from September
1882 on.50 Spencer’s description of the worker slave of a militant
structured society might see the evoked potential in the sublime
claim of the prominently lit White Way stretch, to dispel gloomy
figures. (Macbeth Macready maybe), reflected in Hot Corn’s Bill
Eaton’s tobacco inspector malpractice. Thus with community in the
“Jumbo” grid, an “enlightened” society with normal industrial
structures could gain from the chance for barter and reciprocity in a
more dimely “enlightened” community.51 In this sense Spencer
excludes with his paragraph §562 Bill Morgan’s Sun element from
society, with Eight’s streets potential to become subject to a
disastrous endeavor like riot. He claims that industrial society doesn’t
tell anybody what to do, under Yankee Wall Street command. What
42
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013, Pg. 34-35
43
Ibid, Pg.52-53
44
Ibid, Pg. 42
45
Ibid, Pg. 45
46
Ibid, Pg 43
47
Spencer, Herbert. The Principles of Sociology. D. Appleton and Company. New York 1898, Pg. 449
48
Blondheim, Menahem. News over the Wires: The Telegraph and the Flow of Public Information in America,
1844-1897. Vol. 42. Cambridge, Mass.U.a.:Harvard U, 1994 Print, Pg 147-148
49
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013 Pg. 23-24
50
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013 Pg 72-72
51
Spencer, Herbert. The Principles of Sociology. D. Appleton and Company. New York 1898, Pg 606
follows is certainly an anticipation of agent type command of
business.
A faraway pragmatism as this alternative to romance-feuilleton
cartographies through New York City “New York in Slices” stories,
could have induced literate Edward H. Bennett to see Julie Antrim’s
victimization in a medical metacarpal bone splint way.
Surgeon-type “thumbs up” consideration to (White) “Power”
At that time Edison jokes had stood in a tradition of
Newspaper reporting, from 1878 on. It is quite likely that
in 1881 Edward Hallaran Bennett who through the
British Medical Association was a highly recognized
surgeon in the field of pathology of the bone, had also
known about Edison’s tinkering and puzzling. One of the Edison jokes
was the claim of a 365 shirt, which consisted of layers of paper. 52 For
a medical Professor like E.H. Bennett, whose observations of the
jawbone were epoch-making anatomical achievements, related to his
Paris brother expert in Anatomy53, this may have been an offering of
inspirational para-tactical entertainment. E.H. Bennett’s practical
analysis in the area of bone disease would become the foundation to
the practice to splint the complicated fracture of the metacarpal
bone with wire in medicine. 54
The English Post Officers’ collegial acknowledgement
on the “Professor of Duplicity” known to a reputable
professional like E.H. Bennett, might have really
alluded to structural changes in the “Ring of Kerry” of
his home, with the Cornwall two-way duplex
telegraphic cables, used by Western Union associate
Jay Gould in 1881. English Post Officer William Preece
interest was in the transmission of overland cables’
signals to trains55 and he may have found in the
incandescent tone of light a sublime allegiance to the
blanket format six-penny papers which brought Edison Jokes, as
comforting as the “blonde” location of the new Newfoundland
52
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013 , Pg. 35
53
(2017): „Edward Hallaran Bennett, M.D, F.R.C.S.I“. Abgerufen am 14. 03. 2017.
„Bennett's fracture - ScienceDirect“. Sciencedirect.com. Abgerufen am 14. 03. 2017 von
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0072968X72800056?via%3Dihub. 54
55
Headrick, Daniel R.. The Invisible Weapon: Telecommunications and International Politics 1851-1945. New
York: Oxford University Press. 1991. Print, Pg. 117
“Pullman” of St. John
telegraphic reception
for news dispatches at
Cornwall. Formerly,
New York reporters had
from the Tribune
building at Nassau
Street spotted the shrillbright Brush lights from
a display on the roof of
a railway depot in New Jersey, cast across the Hudson River, strong
enough to read a newspaper by.56 In contrast to entrepreneurial
“Napoleon of finance” Jay Gould, with his duplex reconfiguration of
the Anglo-American global girdle, once he incorporated Western
Union,57 soon, together with a Western Estate magnan, thanks to
“scadders” agency, John William Mackay founded Commercial Cable
Company which rivalled the duplex Telegraph station.
Conclusion
In the cumulative picture that the ramifications of electric streetlights
create for the public sphere, one can identify with Robinson’s “Hot
Corn” character Jim Reagan who as Horace Greeley’s reflector figure
provides for the mother in rags and her children, left half-orphaned
through Bill Eatons passing, so that the Romans Feuilleton stays
within the inorganic structure of society, net-speaking.
Electric World in August 1886 wrote how the “infant incandescent
lamp comes to manhood and strangles gas with one hand and
petroleum with the other”.58 In a political presidency election 1884 of
the gilded age, a marching corps from Edison Company at the New
York Parade had earned the New York Tribunes praisal as “pleasing to
the eye and inspiring to the soul”. It consisted of a band of men that
wore electrical helmets and said “hail the conquering hero”. 59 The
inorganic superfluity of adaptions in the grid from Spencer’s
community paragraph 215 that seems to apply to congruence and
differentiation in Anglo-American grids, here seem, together with a
56
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013, Pg 23-24
57
Müller, Simone M. "Weltcommunication." Wiring the World. Columbia UP, 2016. Wiring the World, Chapter
4. Web, Pg. 132
58
Freedberg, Ernest. The Age of Edison-Electric Light and the Invention of Modern America. Penguin Group.
New York 2013, Pg 74
59
Ibid, Pg. 129
pathetic concurrent drive, of gilded age individuals, to urban areas in
the 1880’s, in the organic society have evoked a functional distinction
from the former gas/petroleum aggregate in society, closely
inspected by John Foster. This appears in Spencer’s indifference of
the nominal aggregate function of society in changes in the grid,
through Thomas Edison. Really it seems that the marching band
serves the “Great White Way” of Joseph Brushes Arc Lamps at
Broadway in its social function. It is a demonstration of refined
Smalley type journeyman subject in London.
(hooligans) Herbert Spencer blames measures of a
centralized administration in worker slave society.
“Those who are taxed to provide gratis reading for
people who will not save money for library
subscriptions have their individualities trenched
upon..—coercive arrangements of such kinds are consistent with the
military type. (§568 Spencer) Reflected on Benjamin Morgan’s
Battery Island scenario this image may demonstrate the centralized
Grid’s mobility and show the loss of inorganic structure with now
merely the evoked potential of sensible rebuke of Lafayette Street
house Madisonians towards the West, without a Commodore.
Literally this March can be perceived like a `facebook´ report on
something as “bright” and distracting as the inorganic structural
connotation that goes along with a published hate message. The
process of the new structure which a decision to either approve of
the memorandum type structure or to report on it takes is an
operation that can be a decision of the extent which Murphy asked of
his worker aggregate through the invention of “Murphy’s law.
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