H C KỲ II NĂM H C 2011-2012 A/ Pronunciation

TÀI LIỆU PHỤ ĐẠO ÔN TẬP MÔN ANH VĂN KHỐI 10 HỌC KỲ II NĂM HỌC 2011-2012 A/ Pronunciation 1. Chú ý các nguyên âm đôi và phụ âm đã học: /iə/, /eə/, /uə/, /d/, /t/, /s/, /z/, /f/, /v/, /g/, /k/ /iə/: idea, beer, clear, dear, cheer, tear /eə/: bear, square, where, dare, chair /uə/: tour, sure, actually, usually, casual /d/: dog, do, studied, played, listened /t/: ten, team, watched, washed, missed /s/: same, sun, price, mice, works, wants /z/: zoo, zebra, prize, these, plays, listens /f/: fan, laugh, cough, photo /v/: view, van, Stephen, have, of /g/: good, game, go( - gin, large, bridge…) /k/: kitchen, came, come, cup, club, chemistry (-know, city, center, children…) 2. Động từ tận cùng bằng -ED có 3 cách phát âm là: /id/, /t/, /d/. a. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là: -t, -d, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /id/. Ex: wanted, collected, decided, needed,....... b. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là: -c, -f, -k, -p, -s, -x, -sh, -ch, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /t/. Ex: practiced, stuffed, looked, stopped, missed, fixed, washed, watched,....... c. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là các phụ âm còn lại hoặc nguyên âm, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /d/. Ex: enjoyed, stayed, managed, cleaned, arrived, called,....... 3. Động từ/ danh từ tận cùng bằng -S có 2 cách phát âm là: /s, /z/. a. Đối với những động từ/ danh từ tận cùng là: -p, -f, -th, -k, -t khi thêm -S sẽ phát âm là /s/. Ex: stops, books, cuts, months, roofs,....... b. Đối với những động từ/ danh từ tận cùng là các phụ âm còn lại hoặc nguyên âm, khi thêm -S sẽ phát âm là /z/. Ex: enjoys, stays, dogs, pens, tables, lives,....... B/ Grammar: I. Conditional sentences (If sentences): Câu điều kiện: 1. Conditional sentences type 1: Câu điều kiện loại 1 If + S + V(s,es) don’t/ doesn’t + V , be-> am/ is/ are (not) + S+ will /won’t/( can/ can’t) + V Use: diễn tả điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. Ex: If it is fine tomorrow, we will go camping. 2. Conditional sentence: Type 2: Câu điều kiện loại 2 If + S + Ved/ Past didn’t + V, be-> were(n’t) + S+ would/ wouldn’t/could/couldn’t + V Use: Diễn tả một điều kiện không thể xảy ra, hoặc ngược với sự thật ở hiện tại. Ex: I don’t have free time, so I can’t help him.  If I had free time, I would help him. 3. Conditional sentence: Type 3: Câu điều kiện loại 3 If + S + had(n’t) + Ved/ PP ….., S + would/ could(n’t) + have + Ved/PP ….. Use: Diễn tả một điều kiện không thể xảy ra, ngược với sự thật trong quá khứ. Ex: I didn’t have free time, so I couldn’t help him.  If I had had free time, I would have helped him. II. Passive voice: Thể bị động Active: S + V + O (place) (time) Passive: S + BE + V3/ed + (place) + (by O) + (time) Ex: - Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend.  Passive: The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend. - Active: They have built a new bridge across the river.  Passive: A new bridge has been built across the river - Active: Mai was watching a cartoon at 8 o’clock last night.  Passive: A cartoon was being watched by Mai at 8 o’clock last night. Active(Chủ động) Passive(Bị động) 1.Hiện tại đơn: S + V(s,es) + O S + am/is/are + Ved/PP 2.Hiện tại tiếp diễn: S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S + am/is/are + being +Ved/PP 3.Hiện tại hoàn thành: S + has/have + Ved/PP+ O S + has/have + been + Ved/PP 4.Quá khứ đơn: S + Ved/ Past + O S + was/were +Ved/PP 5.Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being +Ved/PP 6.Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had + Ved/PP+ O S + had + been + Ved/PP 7.Tương lai gần : S +am/ is/are + going to + V + O S +am/ is/are + going to + be+Ved/PP + O 8.Động từ khuyết thiếu: S + will/shall/ ..... + Vo + O S + will/shall /... + be +Ved/PP III/ to + infinitive: động từ nguyên mẫu có to: diễn tả mục đích của hành động. S + V + To V/ so as to/ in order to V………….. S+ V+ So that/ in order that S + can/ could (not) + V Ex: I listen to classical music to feel relaxed. * Hỏi về mục đích: Why…………………. ? What ................... for? Ex: Why do you listen to classical music?  What do you listen to classical music for? IV/ Wh- questions: Wh- words hỏi về Who What/ Which When Where Why How How old How far How often How much/ many người vật thời gian nơi chốn lí do thể cách (như thế nào) tuổi khoảng cách bao lâu 1 lần số lượng (bao nhiêu) 1/ Với động từ “to be”: Wh- + be + S + …? Ex: What is the time? – It’s 7. 2/ Với động từ khiếm khuyết(KK):can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, ought to Wh- + KK + S + V + …? Ex: How many languages can you speak? – 3. 3/ Với động từ thường: Wh- + do/does/did + S + V (+ …)? Ex: Where did you go yesterday? – I went to the bookstore. V. Adjective of attitude: Tính từ chỉ thái độ -ed/ -ing ( một số động từ khi thêm Ing/ ed có thể dùng như tính từ) -Tính từ tận cùng -ing: mang tính chủ động, chỉ tính chất gắn liền với người hoặc vật, sự việc, tính chất có thể tác động lên đối tượng khác.(Dùng cho vật) - Tính từ tận cùng -ed: mang tính bị động, chỉ cảm giác ( thường là của người) do bị đối tượng khác tác động., sau tính từ loại này thường có giới từ(Dùng cho người) Ex: I am interested in the film.-> The film made me interested. Ex: I find the film very interesting.-> The film is very interesting.-> It is an interesting film. VI. It was not until…… that ……: Mãi đến khi…….. thì……… It was not until + time/ clause + Ved/past …… that + S + Ved/Past…… Ex: The cinema did not become an industry until 1915. It was not until 1915 that the cinema became an industry. Ex: He didn’t know how to swim until he was 30. It was not until he was 30 that he knew how to swim. VII. A/ An, The: 1. A/ an: được dùng trước một danh từ số ít đếm được, chúng có nghĩa là một, chúng được dùng trong câu có tính khái quát hoặc khi chủ thể được đề cập LẦN ĐẦU TIÊN. “AN” đứng trước nguyên âm (a, o, e, u, i) hoặc h câm (an hour) Ex: -A ball is round. (Nghĩa chung, khái quát, chỉ tất cả các quả bóng) -I saw a boy on the street. (Chúng ta không biết cậu bé nào, chưa được đề cập đến trước đó) 2. The: Khi danh từ đó được nhắc đến kể từ LẦN THỨ HAI, hoặc được xác định qua ngữ cảnh (được xác định cụ thể về mặt tính chất, đặc điểm, vị trí), hoặc về một khái niệm phổ thông. Một thứ duy nhất tồn tại ai cũng biết. Ex: - I have a pencil and an eraser. The pencil costs 3,500 VND and the eraser is 2,000 VND. - The boy in the corner is my friend. ( Cả người nghe và người nói đều biết đó là cậu bé nào) - The earth is round. (Chỉ có một trái đất ai cũng biết). Với danh từ không đếm được, dùng the khi nói đến vật cụ thể, không dùng the khi nói chung. Ex: -The sugar on the table is from Cuba. The: Dùng trước những tính từ so sánh bậc nhất hoặc trước cụm danh từ có only, first, last:( e.g: the last thing, the first person, the only way, the best car.), trước tính từ nhằm chỉ một nhóm người có một nét riêng nào đó( The rich, the poor, the old…) *Không dùng mạo từ trong các trường hợp sau: + Với danh từ đếm được số nhiều, khi chúng mang nghĩa đại diện chung thì không dùng the: Ex: Sugar is sweet. Oranges are green until they are ripe. + Trước tên riêng của người hay địa danh ( Hanoi , London …) + Trước tên môn thể thao ( play football/tennis/ volleyball…) + Trước tên bữa ăn( have lunch, breakfast, dinner) + Trước các thứ trong tuần, tháng trong năm: Monday, January VIII. will vs be going to: 1. be going to: diễn tả một dự định. Ex: A: Why are you turning on the TV? -B: I’m going to watch the news. 2. Will: diễn tả một quyết định đưa ra vào lúc nói; một phỏng đoán, một đề nghị. Ex: -A: I want to buy this book but I don’t have enough money. -B: I’ll lend you some. Ex: -You are working very hard. I am sure you will pass this exam easily. Ex: -A: It’s very cold. -B: I’ll close the windows. IX.COMPARISONS. (CAÙC HÌNH THÖÙC SO SAÙNH) 1. Equal comparisons (So saùnh baèng) a. With adjectives: * Affirmative: S1 + be + as + adj +as + S2/O + be * Negative: S1 + be + not + as/so + adj + as + S2/O + be * Interrogative: Be + S1 + as + adj + as + S2/O + be? Ex: I am as tall as he is. She is as beautiful as her sister. b. With adverbs: * Affirmative: S1 + V + as + adv +as + S2 /O+ Aux. * Negative: S1 + Aux. + not + V + as/so + adv + as + S2/O + Aux. * Interrogative: Aux. + S1 + V + as + adv + as + S2 /O+ Aux.? Ex: He runs as fast as I do She writes as carefully as me 2. Comparatives (So saùnh hôn) * With adjectives: a. With short adjectives: (Vôùi tính töø ngaén) * S1 + be + adj-er + than + S2 /O+ be Ex: John is stronger than his brother. Notes: - Caùch nhaän bieát tính töø ngaén: + Tính töø coù moät aâm tieát: fast, strong, small, long … + Tính töø coù hai aâm tieát keát thuùc baèng “y, ow, le, er”. Ex: happy, narrow, simple, clever … - Quy taéc theâm “er” cho tính töø ngaén: + Tính töø ngaén coù moät aâm tieát maø keát thuùc baèng moät phuï aâm tröôùc phuï aâm ñoù laø moät nguyeân aâm thì ta nhaân ñoâi phuï aâm cuoái roài theâm “er” khi sang so saùnh hôn: big --> bigger, hot --> hotter… + Tính töø ngaén keát thuùc baèng nguyeân aâm “e” thì theâm “r” khi sang so saùnh hôn: simple→ simpler … + Tính töø ngaén keát thuùc baèng “y” thì bieán “y” thaønh “i + er” khi sang so saùnh hôn: happy → happier … b. With long adjectives: (Vôùi tính töø daøi) * S1 + be + more + adj + than + S2/O + be Ex: This problem is more difficult than we thought. (Vaán ñeà naøy khoù hôn chuùng ta nghó.) * With adverbs: a. With short adverbs: (Vôùi traïng töø ngaén) * S1 + V + adv-er + than + S2/O + Aux. Ex: John runs faster than his brother. Notes: - Caùch nhaän bieát traïng töø ngaén: chính laø caùc tính töø ngaén - Traïng töø daøi laø: adj + ly → adv nhö: careful + ly → carefully … b. With long adverbs: (Vôùi traïng töø daøi) * S1 + V + more + adv + than + S2/O +Aux. Ex: He drives more carefully than his brother. 3. Superlatives: (So saùnh nhaát) * With adjectives: a. With short adjectives: (Vôùi tính töø ngaén) * S + be + the + adj-est + (N) … Ex: John is the strongest in his family. Note: - Quy taéc theâm “est” cho tính töø ngaén: + Tính töø ngaén coù moät aâm tieát keát thuùc baèng moät phuï aâm maø tröôùc phuï aâm ñoù laø moät nguyeân aâm ta nhaân ñoâi phuï aâm cuoái vaø theâm ñuoâi “est” khi sang so saùnh nhaát: hot → hottest … + Tính töø ngaén keát thuùc baèng nguyeân aâm “e” thì theâm “st” khi sang so saùnh nhaát: simple→ simplest … + Tính töø ngaén keát thuùc baèng “y” thì bieán “y” thaønh “i + est” khi sang so saùnh nhaát: happy → happiest … Ex: Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. b. With long adjectives: (Vôùi tính töø daøi) * S + be + the most + adj + (N) … Ex: This exercise is the most difficult in unit 16. * With adverbs: a. With short adverbs: (Vôùi traïng töø ngaén) * S + V + the + adv-est + (N) … Ex: John runs the fastest in his class. b. With long adverbs: (Vôùi traïng töø daøi) * S + V + the most + adv + (N) … Ex: My father drives the most carefully in my family. 4. Irregular adjectives and adverbs: (Tính töø vaø traïng töø baát qui taéc) Adjectives/ adverbs Comparative Superlative good/well (tốt) better the best bad/badly (xấu,dở) worse the worst far (xa) farther / further the farthest / the furthest much/ many (nhiều) more the most little (ít) less the least Ex: Her English is better than mine. (Tieáng Anh cuûa coâ ta thì toát hôn toâi.) EXERCISES: A/ Pronunciation 1. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words. 1.A. here B. bear C. hear D. engineer 2.A. four B. your C. tour D. course 3.A. seafood B. release C. beneath D. threaten 4.A. parked B. watched C. endangered D. stopped 5.A. established B. belonged C. stationed D. studied 6.A. books B. students C. things D. delights 7.A. cuts B. lives C. business D. roles 8.A. film B. of C. feeling D. roof 9.A. champion B. chairman C. character D. which 10.A. cup B. become C. consider D. city 11.A. piece B. peas C. songs D. prize 12.A. idea B. here C. dear D. square 13.A. worked B. played C. stopped D. contain 14.A. hour B. here C. hello D. house 15.A. scholar B.school C. choral D. chicken 16.A. chronic B. chemistry C. character D.cheque 17.A. good B. gin C. large D. age 18.A. village B. forget C. bridge D.edge 19.A. skin B. key C. chain D. Christmas 20. A. family B. library C. my D. seventy 21. A. tease B. leader C. instead D. peace 22. A. phone B. orphan C. Stephen D. photo 23.A. where B. dear C. here D. clear 24.A. bus B. sat C. sure D. seek 25.A. listened B. worked C. lived D. played B/ Grammar: Ngữ pháp Conditional sentences: Exercise 1: Give the correct form of verbs in brackets 1.If it costs too much, I (buy)…………………… a small one. 2.If you (drive)……………….. more carefully, you wouldn’t have so many accidents. 3.If I spoke English, my job (be)……………………….. a lot easier. 4.If he (go)…………. to London yesterday, he (meet)………………………… his old friends. 5.If we (know)……………. who he was, we (invite)……………………….. him to speak at our meeting. 6.If they had invited us, naturally we (go) ………………….to the party. 7.Where you (go)……………………….. if today (be)………………. Sunday? 8.If they (receive)…………………. the news sooner, they’d have written to John. 9.Jimmy isn’t home right now. If she (be)…………….. at home right now, I (visit)………………….. her. 10. Linda wasn’t at the hotel yesterday. If she (be)…………….. at the hotel yesterday, I (call) …………………..her. 11.Jack failed in the examination because he didn’t study. However, if he (study)……….. harder, he (pass) ………….it. 12.If I (be)……………… here now, I would help him. 13.I shall buy a pencil if I (have)………………….. enough money. 14.Would you mind if you suddenly (win)………………………. half a million pounds? 15.I (lend)………………… them some money if they (ask)…………………. Me. Exercise 2: Rewrite sentences using conditional sentences 1.Keep quiet or I’ll scream.  Unless ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2.Unless he phones immediately, he won’t get any information.  If ........ ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3.Today isn’t Sunday. The pupils can’t go swimming.  If ....... ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4.We got lost because we didn’t have a map.  If ...... ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5.We didn’t have enough rain, so we could not grow rice.  If ........ .................................................................................................................................................................... 6.His friends were late so they missed the train If ......... .................................................................................................................................................................... 7.People drive very fast; that’s why there are so many accidents. -> If ...... ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8.It’s raining, so we can’t have lunch in the garden. -> If .............. .............................................................................................................................................................. Exercise 3 Choose the correct option: 1.Why didn't you go camping last week? If you ......... there, you would have had a lot of fun. A. were being B. have been C. had been D. was being 2.What …………...if you had had a day off yesterday? A. would you have done B. would you do C. will you do D. you would have done 3.If I ..... you, I wouldn't accept the invitation. A. had been B. were C. are D. has been 4. He would visit us if he ...... in town. A. will be B. was C. were D. would be 5. If you didn't stay up late, you ....... get up earlier. A. can B. could C. will D. can 6. If I heard from Jack, I ........ let you know. A. will B. would C. shall D. had 7. If I knew her number, I ..... her. A. phone B. will phone C. would phone D. had phoned 8.If they were rich, they ........ buy a castle. A. will B. can C. would D. were able to 9. If you ..... this glass, you would have to pay for it. A. broke B. break C. have broken D. had broke 10.If you ..... foreign language, which language would you study? A. were studying B. are studying C. weren’t studying D. have been studying Passive voice Turn these sentences from Active to Passive 1.Dr. Ikeda developed that theory. That theory……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2.Tim dropped the cup. The cup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3.The manager will interview me.- I……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4.After class, one of the students always erases the chalkboard. The chalkboar…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5.My grandfather planted this tree 50 years ago. This tree…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6.Mary has just washed those dishes. Those dishes……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7.They are going to build a new hospital here. A new hospital…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.Last Thursday we appointed a new marketing manger. A new marketing manager……………………………………………………………………………………………… 9.They often invite us to the formal parties. We……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10.They are building a new kindergarten in front of my house. A new kind kingdergarten………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11.People must not leave bicycles in the hall. Bicycles . ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………....... 12.Dangerous driving causes many accidents. Many accidents ................ ……………………………………………………………………………………………… COMPARISONS Exercise 1: Change the given adjectives into adverbs and complete these sentences. 1. Linda can type ......... than last year. (quick) 2. He can play football ............ than last year. (good) 3. They can speak English .......... than last year. (fluent) 4. Paul can do his homework ......... than last year. (careful) 5. He is............ than last year. (hard-working) 6. She becomes ............. than yesterday. (happy) 7. I prepare my lessons ............. than last week. (careful) 8. He has to work a lot ............ in this new job than that one last year. (hard) 9. She dances ............. than last year. (graceful) 10. Today the weather is .......... than it was yesterday. (nice) Exercise 2: Complete the following sentences, using the correct adjectives form. 1. ................... city in Canada is Toronto. (large) 2. The Nile is ................... river in the world. (long) 3. February is .............................. month of the year. (short) 4. I think health is .......................... thing in life. (important) 5. Mt. Everest is ..................... mountain in the world. (high) 6. This exercise is .............................. of all. (difficult) 7. ............................ reason of the year is spring. (beautiful) 8. Russia is .............................. country in the world. (large) 9. Chinese is ................ of those three languages. (difficult) 10. Ho Chi Minh City is ................... one in population. (big) Exercise 3: Complete sentences, using equal comparisons. 1. John is .................. his brother. (tall) 2. Our flat is .............................. yours. (large) 3. He is not .............................. his sister. (intelligent) 4. She sings .............................. she plays. (beautiful) 5. He doesn’t speak English .................. his sister. (good) 6. Her voice is not .............................. yours. (good) 7. Helen doesn’t prepare her homework ............... she should. (careful) 8. We visit them .............................. we can. (often) 9. He didn’t arrive ............................ we thought. (early) 10. I came .............................. possible. (soon) Exercise 4: Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences. 1. Sarah is .... at chemistry than Susan. A. good B. well C. better D. best 2. I don’t work so hard .... my father. A. so B. as C. than D. more 3. Sam is the .... student in my class. A. tall B. most tall C. taller D. tallest 4. No one in my class is .... beautiful .... her. A. as/as B. more/as C. as/than D. the/more 5. Going by train isn’t .... convenient as going by car. A. so B. as C. more D. A & B are correct. 6. The test is not .... difficult .... it was last month. A. as / as B. so / as C. more / as D. A & B are correct. 7. Peter usually drives .... Mary A. more fast B. fast than C. faster than D. B & C are correct. 8. She cooked .... than you. A. well B. more good C. better D. more well Bài tập dùng chung cho “Wh-questions,to-infinitive,adjectives of attitude,articles……” Rewrite these sentences without changing their original meanings, using the given words(Viết lại câu với những từ gợi ý ,không thay đổi nghĩa của câu gốc) 1.I am going to the capital. I wanted to find a good job. ->I am going to the capital to .............................................................................................................................. 2.Why are you saving money? ->What ................................................................................................................................................................. 3.John finds astronomy very interesting ->John is ............................................................................................................................................................... 4.She didn’t write to him until she received his letter. -> It was not until ................................................................................................................................................. 5.We didn’t recognize him until he came into the light. -> It was not until .................................................................................................................................................. 6.I haven’t had enough lessons for my driving test tomorrow. ->I think I ................................................................................................................................................................ Make question for the underlined words(Đặt câu hỏi cho những từ được gạch dưới) 1. My mother made a birthday cake last night. ............................................................................................................................................................................ 2. He learns English because it is very popular.  ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3. My aunt and uncle live in Chicago  ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4. The main character of the film is Jack Dawson.  ............................................................................................................................................................................. 5. We went to Dalat last summer. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6. She often listens to classical music at night because it helps me to feel relaxed. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. We have Maths classes on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8. My father is going to take my younger sister to the zoo next Sunday. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Rewrite the following sentences, using the words provided(Viết lại những câu sau ,sử dụng những từ đã cho) 1. The cinema did not become an industry until 1915.  It was not until...................................................................................................................................................... 2.She didn’t begin to learn English until 1980  It was not until...................................................................................................................................................... 3. I didn’t know how to write a bicycle until I was 15.  It was not until...................................................................................................................................................... 4. I didn’t notice that I had the wrong umbrella until I got home.  It was not until...................................................................................................................................................... 5. The boy didn't do his homework until his father came home.  It was not until …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. I didn’t know how to ride a bike until I was 15.  It was not until …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7.He didn’t arrive at the office until half past nine.  It was not until …………………………………………………………………………………………………… Rewrite the following sentences, using to + infinitive(Viết lại những câu sau ,sử dụng to + infinitive) 1. Mai wants to buy a book, so she’s gone to the town.  Mai has gone................................................................................................................................................................... 2. Missa phoned us. She wanted to invite me to her party → Missa phoned us………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. Alice wanted to learn English, so she went to London. Alice went ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4. They want to catch the train, so they get up early. They get ...................................................................................................... ………………………………...................... 5.You should go to the France if you want to improve your French (to + infinitive) You go…………………………………………………………………………………………………........................... 6. I wanted to tell George about the meeting, so I left a note (to + infinitive) I left…………………………………………………………………………………………………………................... 7. I wanted to find out the time of the performances, so I phoned the cinema. (to infinitive) I phoned…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Fill in the blank with the correct form of the ADJ ending in -ing/ -ed: (Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của tính từ chỉ thái độ) 1- The book …………me. It is an……………book. I’m ……………in it. (interest) 2- The trip………..everybody. Everyone was…………. . The trip was………… . (tire) 3- Ann ……an egg. She took the egg out of the ….water. She had an ………egg for breakfast. (boil) 4- The new ……….us. We were…………. . The news was……………… (upset) 5- Jessica’s arguments convinced us. She presented…………arguments. We were…………(convince) 6- Noone may attend the lecture except …………guests. (invite) 7- After an ………..trip of 12 hours, John fell asleep at the dinner table.( exhaust) 8- There are many ……….activities in a large city. (stimulate) 9- I like to hear the sound of gently………….. rain.( fall) 10- Skydiving is a ……………experience. (thrill) Fill in the blank: with a, an, the or ø (zero article (Điền vào chổ trống với dạng đúng của mạo từ) 1. Jason’s father bought him____bike that he wanted for his birthday 2. _____ Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from__France to___United States. 3. Rita is studying__English and___________ Math this semester. 4. ____ judge asked____ witness to tell___ truth. 5. Please give me___cup of____ coffee with __ cream and___ sugar. 6. ____ big books on___ table are for my history class. 7. My_____ car is four years old, and it still runs well. 8. ___chair that you are sitting in is broken. COMMON EXERCISES ON GRAMMAR And VOCABULARY Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D that best completes each sentence. 1.The road in front of your house ............................... A. repairs B. is preparing C. is being repaired D. repairing 2.When we arrived, the winner of the art competition ........................... a prize. A. awarded B. were being awarded C. was awarding D. was being awarded 3.When we came, the stadium .............................. A. was being filled B. had filled C. filled D. is being filled 4.New machines ........................... used on this farm. A. have B. are being C. being D. were being 5.The examinations ......................... next month. A. will give B. will have given C. would have given D. will be given 6.I went to the library ............................. last night. A. for studying B. studying C. to study D. to studying 7. It was not until 1980 that they ............................. to learn English. A. began B. begin C. didn’t begin D. to begin 8. I got .............................. envelop this morning. There was 500.000$ in …………………. envelop. A. the/ the B. a/ an C. a/ the D. an/ the 9.……………….. did you buy this book? – I bought it yesterday. A. When B. What C. Why D. Who 10. They have just bought some paint. They …………………….. their house this afternoon. A. be going to paint B. will paint C. to painting D. are going to paint 11. Yesterday she heard ……………. news. She was so ……………… that she couldn’t say anything. A. surprising/ surprising B. surprised/ surprising C. surprising/ surprised D. surprised/ surprised 12.I do not think Robert …………………….. the gold medal. A. is going to win B. is winning C. will win D. won’t win 13.Peter has practiced playing the piano …………………….. the piano contest next week. A. in order enter B. to entering C. to enter D. to not enter 14.……………… did you stay there? – I spent three wonderful weeks there. A. How long B. How far C. How much D. How often 15. It was not until I was 15 years old that I …………..how to ride a bicycle. A. learned B. had learned C. was learning D. is learning 16. It is an …………………game. A. excitement B. exciting C. excited D. excite 17.…………… are you learning Chinese for? – To sing Chinese songs. A. When B. Where C. What D. Why 18.He is very …………………….in my story. A. interestingly B. interest C. interesting D. interested 19. We are going to visit Ha Noi, ……………………………….. is the capital of Vietnam. A. which B. that C. where D. Ø 20. We know a lot of people ………………………………. live in London. A. which B. that C. whom D. whose 21. Like language, music is used to ___________ A. entertain B. entertainment C. communicate D. communication 22. She prefers Science fiction films ___________ detective ones. A. on B. than C. like D. to 23. Music is clearly different ___________ language. A. in B. from C. with D. to 24. The house ___________at the corner of a busy street in the future. A. will situate B. is situating C. will be situated D. is situated 25. The coins ___________ to be over a thousand years old. A. is mention B. is mentioned C. are mentioning D. are mentioned 26. She doesn’t like her job. It’s so ___________ A. bore B. boring C. bored D. boringly 27.The students were ___________ in taking a trip to the National Museum. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interestingly 28.Where is _____ letter which I put on _____ desk? A. a / the B. a / an C. a / a D. the / the 29. Yesterday, while I was walking to school, I saw _____ bird on _____ tree A. a / a B. the / a C. a / the D. the / the Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. 1. The movie on TV last night made me …… A. bore B. boring C. bored D. boredom 2. Mai and I have decided to have a party. We ...lot of people. A. will invite B. are inviting C. invited D. are going to invite 3. I …………..thriller film to action film. A. like B. prefer C. would rather D. enjoy 4. I find horror films really ………….. A. disgust B. disgusts C. disgusting D. disgusted 5. The cinema changed completely at …………..end of …………..1920s. A. an-the B. the-Ø C. Ø- the D. the-the 6. The children were________ by Walt Disney films. A. fascinating B. fascinated C. Fascination D. fascinate 7. “The Spy Returns” is a very …………..film about a wealthy man who visits Italy. A. exciting B. excited C. excitement D. excite 8. People all over the country were__by the news of the victory. A. excited B. interesting C.fantastic D. exciting 9. All the fans jumped about in__when their team scored the final penalty. A.exciting B.excited C.excitingly D.excitement 10. The baby was____of being left alone in the room. A. terrible B. terrified C. terrific D. terrifying 11. What a______ experience! A. terror B. terrify C. terrified D. terrifying 12. Don't let children see______films. A. horror B. horrifying C. horrified D. horrible 13. We were_______by the terrible accident. A. horrible B. horror C. horrific D. horrified 14. His foolish mistakes_______ all of us. A. amusing B. amused C. amusement D. amuses 15. To the great___of all the audience, the actor's beard fell off. A. amusement B. amusing C. amuse D. amused 16. The audience got________with his performance. A. boring B. boredom C. bored D. bore 17..Many laws ---in nature’s defense. A. are passed B. have passed C. are passing D. were being passed 18. The international football ….is held every four years. A. match B. contest C. tournament D. game 19. I wonder where Mai is. She should ------here by now. A. be B. to be C. being D. have been 20. The new road ---- and built last year. A. planned B. was planned C. was planning D. had planned 21. World Cup is consider the most popular event in the world. A. the continent B.the region C.the globe D. the nation 22. It was not until 1937 … the southern most source of the Nile River was discovered. A. when B. which C. that D. while 23.Which do you prefer. Action films …love stories? A. but B. and C. with D. or 24. Germany was the ………………….. of the 2006 World Cup. The 18th World Cup was held there. A. trophy B. host nation C. continent D. tournament 25. The World Cup is considered the most popular sporting event in the world. A.competed B.regarded C.witnessed D.organized 26. In the final match, our school team defeated the visiting team by 4… 3. A. against B. with C. up D. to 27.Our actions express our love more than any words we do. A. perform B. show C. create D. help 28. Tam --more if he ---more time. A. will read-had B. would read-has C. read-had D. would read-had 29. The heat of the sun ---- transmitted to the earth by radiation. A. had B. was C. has D. is 30. Uruguay defeated Argentina in the final match and became the first …………….….…in history of the World Cup. A. victory B. champion C. championship D. hero 31. You ----- stop smoking, you know. It is bad for you A. must B. should C. ought D. would 32.New York was … by the Dutch in 1624. A. found B. finding C. founded D. finded 33.Don't ask such_________questions! A. embarrass B. embarrassment C. embarrassed D. embarrassing 34. Young men often enjoy________films. A .active B. acting C. action D. acted 35. This kind of music was very …. in the 1940s. A. liked B. popular C. preferred D. favourite 36. Germany was the …..nation of the 2006 World Cup final. A. held B. hold C. host D. house 37. Uruguay …..Argentina in the final match of the first World Cup. A. wined B. passed C. managed D. defeated 38. Brazil became the first team to …..the trophy five times. A. succeed B. win C. beat D. bite Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting. 1.It was not until he was 40 so that he met her A B C D 2.He does morning exercise regularly so as improve his health A B C D 3.The children were bore with staying indoors A B C D 4.Look at those black clouds! It’s rain A B C D 5.What would you do if you have chance to travel in the submarine? A B C D 6.If I had known that you were ill, I had gone to see you A B C D 7.Have the students be told about the changes of their timetable yet? A B C D 8.You should bring an umbrella in order protect yourself from rain. A B C D 9.When does your daughter practice singing all day for? – to become a singer. A B C D 10.Why we don’t go to the cinema for a change tonight? A B C D 11.The students were interesting in taking a field trip to the National Museum. A B C D 12.It was not until his father came home which he did his homework. A B C D 13.You’d better visit Hue, which used to be a capital of Vietnam. A B C D 14.There’s someone at the door. Are you going to open the door for me? A B C D 15.My bike, whom I left at the gate, had disappeared. A B C D 16.My boyfriend, which hates country music, refused to go to the concert with me. A B C D 17. How about to taking a walk for a while? A B C D 18.My brother prefers science fiction films than horror ones. A B C D 19.Van Cao born into a poor family in Nam Dinh in 1923 A B C D READING Exercise 1: Read the passage, then circle the best answer All over the world people listen to classical music. Classical music is difficult to describe. It means different things to different people.Some famous classical composers were Bach,Vivaldi, Haydn, and Mozart. In their music, they did not tell a story or show strong emotion. They wanted to make a beautiful, interesting design. They wanted to write lovely soundly.Then composers started to interpret ideas. They told stories about wars, armies and soldiers . They wrote about religion. Sometimes they composed music for holidays. They told love stories and showed strong emotion. Some of these composers were Beethoven ,Schumann , Chopin , Mendelssohn , Wagner , and Tchaikovsky.Classical music stays with people a long time. Bach wrote about 300 years ago. Beethoven wrote about 200 years ago, and Tchaikovsky wrote over 100 years ago.Sometimes it is difficult to understand .The listener has to think about it. However ,we can all learn to enjoy some classical music. It is very important to people. 1. Classical music is famous……………………. A.in the Western B.in Europe C.in the United State D. all over the world 2. The first classical composers wanted to………………… A. tell stories about religion B. write lovely sounds C. show strong emotion D. B and C 3.What kind of stories did some composers not tell in their music? A. love B. racial integration C. wars D. religion 4. Beethoven……………………….. A. composed his music a long time ago B. just wanted to make an interesting design C. did not tell a story D. wrote some music that was difficult to understand 5. People sometimes close their eyes when they listen to classical music in order to………… A.understand it clearly B. form the picture of the design in their mind C.think about the design D.hear the same classical music many times Exsecise 2: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow by choosing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D of the correct answers. We know that every year less than 100 people are attacked by sharks and about 5 to 10 of these people die. But, let's look at the other side of the story - How many sharks do people kill? Well I think you already know this: People kill many more sharks. Every year, people hunt and kill thousands of sharks. One reason people kill sharks is for sport; they hunt them just for fun. Some people started to have contests to see who kill the most sharks or the biggest sharks. Another reason that people kill sharks is for food. In some countries, such as the United States and Great Britain, shark meat is a popular food. In other countries, such as China, people use shark fins to make soup. Because so many people like to eat shark, fishing boats catch a lot of sharks to sell for food. So, for both of these reasons, people are killing many sharks. Some biologists are getting worried that the number of sharks is getting too small. That's why many biologists think we should stop killing so many sharks, and instead try to protect them - or else some day they may all be gone. Some countries have already passed some laws to help protect sharks. The United States, for example, has passed laws that limit the number of sharks that people can kill for food or for sport. So even though some people like to hunt sharks, we do need to protect them. 1. How many sharks are hunted and killed every year? A. one hundred B. many C. five to ten D. thousands 2. People want to kill sharks because________ A. B and C are correct. B. shark meat is a popular food. C. they get their enjoyment from killing sharks, D. they are afraid of sharks. 3. The number of sharks in the world is _____ A. getting worried by some biologists. B. being killed. C. getting smaller. D. getting bigger. 4. Why do biologists want to protect sharks? A. Because they are afraid some day sharks may no longer exist. B. Because they want to learn more about sharks. C. Because of the number of sharks that were killed. D. Because shark fins can be used in medicine. 5. Which of the following is Not mentioned in the passage? A.People like to hunt sharks. B. Laws have been passed in sharks' defense. C. The governments prohibited people from killing sharks. D.People are killing many sharks for some reasons. Exercise 3: Read the passage and answer the questions that follow by choosing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D of the correct answers. The film “Titanic” has created new interests in the real Titanic that sank about 90 years ago. Recently, a team of investigators reported finding evidence that the huge passenger ship sank because some of its smallest parts were weak. They believe these parts caused the sides of the Titanic to break open, causing the ship to flood. The New York Times newspaper reported the findings. The ship carried about 2,200 people when it hit a huge piece of ice in the North Atlantic Ocean. The crash caused several small openings in the outer covering of the ship. Water flooded through the front part of the Titanic. The ship sank about 2, 5 hours after the crash. The Titanic carried enough lifeboats for only about half of its passengers and crew. More than 1,500 people died when the ship sank. The Titanic was the largest ship of its time. It also was believed to be the safest ship ever built. 1.The huge in line 2 is closest in meaning to …………………. A. very small B. very safe C. very large D. very high 2. According to some investigators, the ship sank because..................................... A. the ship was not safe enough. B. the captain lost his control. C. some of the ship’s smallest parts were weak. D. there were too many passengers. 3.The ship hit............................... in the North Atlantic Ocean. A. a huge ice B. a rock C. another ship D. All are correct 4.The Titanic carried............................................... A. about 1,100 lifeboats B. no lifeboats C. enough lifeboats for all the passengers. D. more than 2,200 lifeboats. 5.Which of the following is NOT CORRECT according to the passage? A. The Titanic was the largest ship of its time. B. The ship carried about 2,200 passengers. C. It is the safest ship in the world. D. More than 1,500 people died when the ship sank. Exercise 4: Read the passage and answer the questions below: Many years ago, my village was very poor. The villagers had to work hard in the fields all day could hardly make ends meet. Their lives were simple and they were in need of many things. Many people had to live in houses made of straw and mud , and few families had a radio or a TV set. However, in spite of the shortages, the villagers managed to send their chidren to school and college. They hoped that with an education of science and technology, their children could find a good life. Câu 1. What did the villagers hope? A Their children couldn’t have a good job C Their children could have a good job B Their children could have a good education D Their children could have a good life True (T) or false (F) exercise Câu 2. A long time ago, the village where the writer lived was very poor.  Câu 3. People in the village didn’t have to work hard.  Câu 4. The villagers had to live in houses made of straw and mud.  Câu 5. They managed to send their chidren to school and college.  Exercise 5:Read the passage, then circle the best answers. We are all slowly destroying the earth. The seas and rivers are too dirty to swim in. There is so much smoke in the air that it is unhealthy to live in many of the world’s cities. In one well-known city, for example, poisonous gases from car pollute the air so much that traffic policemen have to wear oxygen masks. We have cut down so many trees that there are now vast areas of wasteland all over the world. As a result, farmers in parts of Africa cannot grow enough to eat. In certain countries in Asia there is too little rice. Moreover, we do not take enough care of the countryside. Wild animals are quickly disappearing. For instant, tigers are rate in India now because we have killed too many for them to survive. However, it isn’t enough simply to talk about the problem. We must act now before it is too late to do anything about it. Join us now. Save the Earth. This is too important to ignore. 1. The seas and rivers nowadays .................................. . A. cannot be swum in B. are less dirty than they used to be C. are dirty enough to swim in D. are contaminated 2. Smoke ............................. . A. is harmful to health B. is full of the big cities C. causes an healthy life D. makes life in big cities difficult 3. In one well-known city, traffic policemen have to wear oxygen masks ................ . A. in order to protect themselves form being injured B. in spite of poisonous gases C. because there are so many cars on the streets D. because of air pollution 4. Why do farmers in parts of Africa and Asia not grow enough to eat? A. Because many trees have been planted. B. Because people cut down many trees. C. Because there is too little rice. D. Because there are large areas of land that cannot be used. 5. Wild animals are ......................................... . A. in danger of extinction B. being protected from natural environment C. so rare that they cannot survive D. killed so many that they cannot live in the forests 6. What is the best title for the passage? A. Conservation B. Protect the Nature! C. The Environment D. Save the Earth Exercise 6:Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answers. No other sporting event captures the world's imagination like the FIFA World Cup. Ever since the first tentative competition in Uruguay in 1930, FIFA's flagship has constantly grown in popularity and prestige. A group of visionary French football administrators, led in the 1920s by the innovative Jules Rimet, are credited with the original idea of bringing the world's strongest national football teams together to compete for the title of World Champions. The original gold trophy bore Jules Rimet's name and was contested three times in the 1930s, before the Second World War put a 12-year stop to the competition: When it resumed, the FIFA World Cup rapidly advanced to its undisputed status as the greatest single sporting event of the modern world. Held since 1958 alternately in Europe and the Americas, the World Cup broke new ground with the Executive Committee's decision in May 1996 to select Korea and Japan as co-hosts for the 2002 edition. Today, the FIFA World Cup holds the entire global public under its spell. An accumulated audience of over 37 billion people watched the France 98 tournament, including approximately 1.3 billion for the final alone, while over 2.7 million people flocked to watch the 64 matches in the French stadia. After all these years and so many changes, however, the main focus of the FIFA World Cup remains the same the glistening golden trophy, which is the embodiment of every footballer's ambition. 1 . The first World Cup tournament was. Held in ........... A. 1920 B. 1930 C. 1958 D. 1996 2.Who are believed to be responsible for the ........ idea of competing for the title of World Champions? A. Jules Rimet. B. French football administrators. C. The FIFA. D. The Executive Committee. 3.The FIFA World Cup ............. A. bore Jules Rimet's name. B. was held three times in the 1930. C. resumed in 1958. D. was halted by the outbreak of the war. 4.The 2002. World Cup ............ A. was the first World Cup held in Asia. B. was decided in May 1996. C. was held in Korea in cooperation with Japan. D. broke a new ground. 5.How many .people watch the France 98 tournament? A. 37 billion B.3 billion C. 2.7 billion D. 41 billion 6.Which of the following is not true? A.The golden trophy represents footballer's ambition. B.The FIFA World Cup is the greatest sporting event in the world. C.The 2002 World Cup was held jointly by Korea and Japan. D.The focus of the FIFA World Cup has changed little since the first come petition was held in 1930. Exercise 7:Read the passage, then choose the correct answer. Hoi An Ancient Town is situated 30 km south of Da Nang and known as a Faifoo to early Western traders. Hoi An was one of the major trading centers in Southeast Asia in the 16th - 17th centuries. Hoi An was also an. important port of call for Dutch, Portuguese, Italian, Chinese, Japanese. Indonesia and other merchant vessels in the Far East. In the town. there are one or two streets. whose original structures remain almost intact. All the houses were made of rare wood and were decorated with horizontal lacquered board and vertical panels engraved with Chinese characters. Hoi An is highly attractive for historical, geographic, artistic, architectural.... aspects. In recent years, Hoi An has become a popular tourist destination in Viet Nam. In 1999, it was certified by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage. 1. Hoi An Ancient Town _______________________ A. is situated in Da Nang. B. was formerly a major trading center. C. was famous to Western traders. D. was the most important trading center in Southeast Asia. 2. Many merchant vessels in the Far East ________________________________ A. docked at the port of Hoi An. B. might have a call in Hoi An. C. used to visit Hoi An. D. engaged trade with Hoi An. 3. Some streets in Hoi An__________________________ A. are harmed. B. are being changed their original C. are in bad conditions. D. are still well-preserved. 4. The old houses in Hoi An ______________________ A. ere full of Chinese characters. B. were made of boards and panels C. were engraved on rare wood. D. were made of wood and carved with ornamental designs 5. Hoi An ______________________ A. is attractive for its historical aspect. B. is a destination of a lot of tourists. C. is a World Cultural Heritage Site. D. all are correct.