Saad izhar

Energies

Over the past decade, there has been a great interest in the changeover from cars powered by gasoline to electric vehicles, both within the automotive industry and among customers. The electric vehicle–grid (V2G) technology is a noteworthy innovation that enables the battery of an electric vehicle during idling conditions or parked can function as an energy source that can store or release energy whenever required. This results in energy exchange between the grid and EV batteries. This article reviews various bidirectional converter topologies used in the V2G system. Additionally, it can reduce the cost of charging for electric utilities, thus increasing profits for EV owners. Normally electric grid and the battery of an electric vehicle can be connected through power electronic converters, especially a bidirectional converter, which allows power to flow in both directions. The majority of research work is carried out over the converters for V2G applications and concerns utilizing t...

2022 Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS), 2022

Consistent growth of emission free electric vehicles (EV) in the transportation sector directs the environment more towards the cleaner and greener society. The existence and successive development in the phenomena of EV relies equally on the development of charging infrastructure. This proposed research integrates the operative differences of various converter configurations suitable for EV charging under diverse working conditions. Analysis and the assessment of these power converters are portrayed with respect to the power output, active and passive components and other reliable factors respectively.In addition, evaluations of the converters are presented with their topological design and supporting architecture for EV charging stations. Multidevice interleaved bidirectional converter is observed as the most appropriate interfacing converter for the EVs on account of its low output voltage and current ripples. This article explicitly addresses the characteristics and categories of power converter for EVs powertrain and the ideas are validated through the real time PS ACAD/EMTDC simulation tool.

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2021

https://www.ijert.org/design-and-analysis-of-bidirectional-battery-charger-for-electric-vehicle https://www.ijert.org/research/design-and-analysis-of-bidirectional-battery-charger-for-electric-vehicle-IJERTV10IS070226.pdf The increase in the electric vehicle mobility has encouraged the growth of vehicle to grid technology. The vehicle to grid technology allows bidirectional power flow between the battery of electric vehicle and grid. This allows peak load shaving, load levelling voltage regulation and improvement of power system stability. In this project we developed onboard bidirectional battery charger for Electric Vehicles (EVs) targeting Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V), Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) technologies. During the G2V operation mode batteries are charged from the power grid with sinusoidal current and unitary power factor. During the V2G operation mode the energy stored in the batteries can be delivered back to the power grid contributing to the power system stability. In the V2H operation mode the energy stored in the batteries can be used to supply home loads during power outages, or to supply loads in places without connection to the power grid. Along the paper the hardware topology of the bidirectional battery charger is presented. Some considerations about the sizing of the AC side passive filter are considered to improve the performance in the three operation modes. The adopted topology and computer simulations and validated by experimental results achieved

IECON 2013 - 39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2013

This paper presents the development of an on-board bidirectional battery charger for Electric Vehicles (EVs) targeting Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V), Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), and Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) technologies. During the G2V operation mode the batteries are charged from the power grid with sinusoidal current and unitary power factor. During the V2G operation mode the energy stored in the batteries can be delivered back to the power grid contributing to the power system stability. In the V2H operation mode the energy stored in the batteries can be used to supply home loads during power outages, or to supply loads in places without connection to the power grid. Along the paper the hardware topology of the bidirectional battery charger is presented and the control algorithms are explained. Some considerations about the sizing of the AC side passive filter are taken into account in order to improve the performance in the three operation modes. The adopted topology and control algorithms are accessed through computer simulations and validated by experimental results achieved with a developed laboratory prototype operating in the different scenarios.

2015

BI-DIRECTIONAL AC-DC CONVERTER FOR VEHICLE-TO-GRID (V2G) APPLICATIONS Arjun Raj Prabu Andhra Sridhar Marquette University, 2015 Electric vehicles are growing at a rapid pace in the internal combustion engine dominated transportation sector, and bring environmental and economic benefits to society. Electric vehicles produce nearly zero carbon emission, provided that they are charged through renewable energy sources. Electric vehicles reduce our dependency on foreign oil and also offer additional benefits like Vehicle-to-grid (V2G). V2G is a technology that allows electric energy stored in the electric vehicle batteries to be returned to the grid during peak demand. V2G can also provide voltage regulation, voltage shaving, reactive power compensation and distributed generation. This necessitates that an electric vehicle battery charger be bi-directional, capable of sinking or sourcing real and reactive power. The state of the art battery charging converter is unidirectional and has mu...

2019

As hybrid vehicles gain popularity among the consumers, current research initiatives are focused towards developing plug-in electric and hybrid vehicles that can exploit utility power to charge vehicle batteries and therefore less dependent on the gasoline usage. Power electronic systems are being developed to allow plug-in vehicles to be vehicle-to-grid (V2G) capable where the vehicles can work as distributed resources and power can be sent back to the utility. In this paper a review of different plug-in and V2G capable vehicles are given along with their power electronics topologies. The economic implication of charging the vehicle or sending power back to the utility is described in brief. Finally, all vehicles with V2G capability must meet the IEEE Standard 1547 for connecting to the utility. Brief descriptions of the requirements and testing that must be followed for V2G vehicles to conform the IEEE 1547 standards are also discussed.

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are projected to be one of the major contributors to energy transition in the global transportation due to their rapid expansion. The EVs will play a vital role in achieving a sustainable transportation system by reducing fossil fuel dependency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, high level of EVs integration into the distribution grid has introduced many challenges for the power grid operation, safety, and network planning due to the increase in load demand, power quality impacts and power losses. An increasing fleet of electric mobility requires the advanced charging systems to enhance charging efficiency and utility grid support. Innovative EV charging technologies are obtaining much attention in recent research studies aimed at strengthening EV adoption while providing ancillary services. Therefore, analysis of the status of EV charging technologies is significant to accelerate EV adoption with advanced control strategies to discover a remedial solution for negative grid impacts, enhance desired charging efficiency and grid support. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the current deployment of EV charging systems, international standards, charging configurations, EV battery technologies, architecture of EV charging stations, and emerging technical challenges. The charging systems require a dedicated converter topology, a control strategy and international standards for charging and grid interconnection to ensure optimum operation and enhance grid support. An overview of different charging systems in terms of onboard and off-board chargers, AC-DC and DC-DC converter topologies, and AC and DC-based charging station architectures are evaluated. In addition, recent charging systems which are integrated with renewable energy sources are presented to identify the powertrain of modern charging stations. Finally, future trends and challenges in EV charging and grid integration are summarized for the future direction of EV charging systems researchers. INDEX TERMS Electric vehicle, charging topologies, EV charging standards, EV converter, power grid, onboard and offboard, vehicle-to-grid and grid-to-vehicle.

IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2019

Charging electric vehicles (EVs) from photovoltaic panels (PV) provides a sustainable future for transportation. This paper presents the development of a 10kW EV charger that can be powered from both a PV array and the three-phase AC grid. The goal is to realize a high power density and high-efficiency three-port power converter that integrates the EV, PV, grid and meets the Chademo and CCS/Combo EV charging standards. The EV port is designed to be isolated and bidirectional, so that both charging and vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) can be implemented. As PV and EV are both DC by nature, the converter uses a central DC-link to exchange power between the EV and PV, thereby increasing efficiency. The use of silicon carbide devices and powdered alloy core inductors enables high switching frequency and power density. The closed-loop control allows four different power flows: PVEV, EVgrid, gridEV and PVgrid. Hence the converter operates as a PV inverter, a bidirectional EV charger and a combination of both. A 10kW prototype has been successfully tested, and its experimental waveforms and measured efficiency are presented. It has three times the power density and higher partial and peak load efficiency when compared to existing solutions.

2018

This paper proposes a new electrolytic capacitor-less bi-directional EV charger for grid connected electric vehicle applications. When electric vehicles are connected to the power grid for charging, they become grid able EVs (GEVs). This paper investigates and discusses the challenges of GEVs for vehicle-to-grid (V2G), vehicle-to-home (V2H) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V) operations. A bi-directional DC-DC converter is connected in series with the grid, which minimizes the switching losses and improves the efficiency of the system. Simulation analysis and hardware implementation is performed, executing the three modes of operation of the proposed bidirectional EV charger.

2012

This paper presents a comparison of four types of on-board batteries charging systems for Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), and their impact on the power quality of the electrical power grid. In the comparison are analyzed the features, the characteristics and the operation of each charging system, aiming their controllability and their impact on the electrical grid, mainly considering the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the consumed current and the power factor. Besides the normal mode of operation to charge the batteries, denominated Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V), in this paper is also discussed the possibility of operation as Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), in which the batteries of the Electric Vehicle return part of the stored energy back to the electrical grid. The operation of the batteries charging systems for EVs is shown through simulations and experimental results.