Management of the infertility in dairy cattle

Biotehnologija u stocarstvu, 2003

In order to achieve good reproduction and production results in herds of dairy cows, apart from basic conditions concerning housing, care and nutrition, it is necessary to carry out regular clinical examinations of genital organs. Such examinations are not carried out regularly in practice therefore often many reproduction disorders are not diagnosed timely. As consequence we have bad fertility results, considerably lower milk production and high level of culled females from the herd. Reproduction parameters in herds of dairy cows are important factors from the aspect of successful production and herd management. Analysis of certain parameters enables the definition of problems in production, as well as the cause of bed results. Majority of this parameters can be applied in large dairy cow herds, some are also applicable in smaller herds. In conditions of market economy demands for economically efficient production are more expressed therefore the adequate determination of mentioned...

Irish Veterinary Journal

Background: Drivers of change in dairy herd health management include the significant increase in herd/farm size, quota removal (within Europe) and the increase in technologies to aid in dairy cow reproductive management. Main body: There are a number of key areas for improving fertility management these include: i) handling of substantial volumes of data, ii) genetic selection (including improved phenotypes for use in breeding programmes), iii) nutritional management (including transition cow management), iv) control of infectious disease, v) reproductive management (and automated systems to improve reproductive management), vi) ovulation / oestrous synchronisation, vii) rapid diagnostics of reproductive status, and viii) management of male fertility. This review covers the current status and future outlook of many of these key factors that contribute to dairy cow herd health and reproductive performance. Conclusions: In addition to improvements in genetic trends for fertility, numerous other future developments are likely in the near future. These include: i) development of new and novel fertility phenotypes that may be measurable in milk; ii) specific fertility genomic markers; iii) earlier and rapid pregnancy detection; iv) increased use of activity monitors; v) improved breeding protocols; vi) automated inline sensors for relevant phenotypes that become more affordable for farmers; and vii) capturing and mining multiple sources of "Big Data" available to dairy farmers. These should facilitate improved performance, health and fertility of dairy cows in the future.

Reproductive efficacy is a major limiting factor in the economic success of cattle operations world wide.

High milk yield characteristics with insufficient emphasis on traits relating to health in dairy cows increases the risk of suffering from reproductive problems, which represent one of the welfare indicators. This paper considers the most common problems of reproduction in large capacity dairy farms in Serbia in the light of their effects on the welfare of cows. Data on reproduction parameters, prepartal and postpartal reproductive disorders in total 3865 Holstein-Friesian cows held in tied system were collected. Rearing conditions in all farms were similar regarding housing and nutrition, and differences existed in some management procedures. Results pointed on prolonged intercalving period, interval from calving to the first artificial insemination, and extended service period (average values: 15.6 month, 98.46 days and 180.94 days, respectively), and increased insemination index (2.65). The most frequent reproductive disorders were ovarian hypofunction, insuficiencia corpora lute...

Dairy cow herd sterility is nowadays considered pathological syndrome, and is part of everyday dairy cattle pathology, it is not a disease sui generis. Etiology of herd infertility is complex and includes several groups of factors. Factors that cause herd sterility are alimentary, hereditary, hormonal, infectious, environmental and insemination errors. In the etiology of herd infertility scarce and unbalanced diet dominates in 40 to 75 percent. Due to the complex etiology in treatment of herd infertility no general and unique prescription exists. Increased milk production and selection of cows for the production level of over eight thousand litters of milk in lactation, introduction of MIX and MONO meals and mostly stable keeping cows, and the demand disturbs metabolism and always reduces the fertility of dairy cows. Because of reduced fertility, getting a small number of calves, reduced milk production and the inability to achieve optimal fertility than eighty per cent, the question of economic feasibility of growing dairy cattle. Since in clinical practice appears a number of forms and symptoms flock sterility, the author considers the most common forms herd sterility in three dairy cattle farms and veterinary procedures in solving herd sterility of dairy cattle, with the aim of herd fertility is eighty-five percent, because the reproduction key to the success of each of cattle production.

African Journal of Biotechnology, 2013

The decline of fertility in the last decades is a major concern in dairy farms being caused by a series of factors analysed in the present paper. Research took place on a number of 950 dairy cows exploited in a semi-intensive system in the North-East area of Romania. On the whole analysed population, the frequency of reproduction disorders were between 12 (in January) and 27% in July, with a greater intensity starting with the end of spring up to winter season. The most frequent reproduction disorders were anoestrus, losses of heat cycles, weak heats undetected in due time, metritis, feeding and others. The batch of the cows with over 85 days of infecundity represented 88.15%, while the batch with one to 27 days infecundity was of only 1.05%, and the batches with 28 to 56 days and 57 to 84 days of infecundity represented 4.25 and 6.55%, respectively from the total of analysed population. The most days of infecundity were recorded at primiparous cows (55.90%) followed by the second-parous ones (32.10%) and multiparous cows (12.00%). The losses by infecundity and sterility over passed the rate of 25% from production. The common feature of the reproduction biotechnologies consist maximization of the genetic process for cattle, of their wealth fare and fertility state, in the conditions of reducing the price cost per product unit.

2015

Several attempts have been made to improve the reproductivity of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Understanding the physiology of reproduction is essential to achieve this goal. Most important is finding potential points where intervention in the life cycle of the cow or bull can result in more efficient performance and hence higher productivity. Long dry periods result in reduced milk production and hence economic losses. The number of calves born can be reduced because the periods optimal for conception are missed. In addition, the cost of treatment of reproductive disorders can be high or beyond the reach of smallholder farmers. The ultimate goal of dairy industry is to operate an economical efficient production system and this is depending on high productive efficiency of the cows. Reproductive management can help a cow to conceive and maintain pregnancy when it is served at the appropriate time in relation to ovulation. To improve reproductive management in cows, the first opportunity for intervention is during the period between birth and first conception. We can reduce the period to first conception by adequate nutrition, breeding and proper health management.

isara solutions, 2022

Statistical study of human populations is a critical field in understanding societal trends, making informed policy decisions, and addressing various social and economic issues. It involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data related to human populations, which can range from demographic information to health and socioeconomic indicators. However, despite its importance, this field faces numerous challenges and issues that must be addressed for effective population research. In this comprehensive article, we will delve into the key issues and challenges faced in statistical studies of human populations.

If you are a scientist you believe that it is good to find out how the world works, that it is good to find out what the realities are, that it is good to turn over to mankind at large the greatest possible power to control the world... It is not possible to be a scientist unless you believe that the knowledge of the world, and the power which this gives, is a thing which is of intrinsic value to humanity, and that you are using it to help in the spread of knowledge, and are willing to take the consequences.-J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904-1967)