Burdur İlinin Makrofungusları

Ekim(2013)4(2)28-34 05.04.2013 08.10.2013 Macrofungi of Burdur Province 1 2 Mehmet Halil SOLAK , Hakan ALLI , Mustafa IŞILOĞLU2, Halil GÜNGÖR2, Erbil KALMIŞ3 1 Program of Elementary Science Education, Faculty of Education, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Muğla-Turkey 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Kötekli, Muğla-Turkey 3 Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, İzmirTurkey Abstract: In this study, an attempt has been made to determine macrofungal specimens collected from Burdur in 2006-2008. After field and laboratory studies, 35 taxa belonging to 17 families and 2 divisio were identified. 3 taxa belong to Ascomycota and 32 to Basidiomycota. Two of them; Inocybe maculipes J. Favre and Tricholoma portentosum var. lugdunense Bon. are new records for Turkey. Key words: Biodiversity, macrofungi, new records, Burdur, Turkey Burdur İlinin Makrofungusları Özet:Çalışmada 2006-2008 yılları arasında Burdur'dan toplanan mantar örneklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Arazi ve laboratuvar çalışmaları sonrasında 17 familya ve 2 bölüme ait 35 takson belirlenmiştir. Bunlardan üç tanesi Ascomycota bölümüne aitken 32 tanesi Basidiomycota'ya aittir. İki tanesi; Inocybe maculipes J. Favre ve Tricholoma portentosum var. lugdunense Bon Türkiye için yeni kayıttır. Anahtar kelimeler: Biyoçeşitlilik, makrofungus, yeni kayıtlar, Burdur, Türkiye. Introduction is the first study on macrofungal biodiversity of Burdur Province. Burdur is a province located in the southwestern part of Turkey, bordered Antalya to the south, Afyon, Denizli and Isparta to the north, Denizli to the west, Isparta to the east (Figure 1). Burdur has a gateway climate between Central Anatolia, Aegean and Mediterranean regions. But much more influenced by continental climate. Burdur is a natural habitat for a number of trees such as Pinus brutia Ten., P. nigra J.F.Arnold, P. pinea L., Liquidambar orientalis Mill., Quercus L. spp. and Juniperus L.spp. Studies on Turkish mycota are going on. However, not all of the fungal diversity growing in different parts of Turkey has been determined. In published 457 studies 2388 macromycete taxa recorded studies from Turkey until the end of 2008 (Solak et al. 2007; Sesli and Denchev 2008). During the following 5-years period, some new records have been given by Akata et al. (2011a, 2011b), Akata (2012), Akata et al. (2012), Aktaş et al. (2009), Aktaş et al. (2010), Alkan et al. (2012), Allı et al. (2011), Allı et al. (2012), Castellano and Türkoğlu (2012), Doğan and Aktaş (2010), Gücin et al. (2010), Güngör et al. (2013 a, 2013b), There is only one study on the macrofungi of Burdur and it is about Entoloma clypeatum (L.) P.Kumm poisoning (Işıloğlu et al., 2011). So this Corresponding author: [email protected] 28 Ekim(2013)4(2)28-34 Kaşık et al. (2012), Kaya (2009a, 2009b), Kaya et al. (2010), Sesli and Helfer (2013), Solak et al. (2009), Uzun et al. (2010), Watling et al. (2010), Yaratanakul et al. (2012). With these kinds of studies, about 985 studies were done on Turkish Macromycetes, so total number stands at around 2900 taxa. About 497 studies of the total number were on macrofungal systematic. morphological and ecological characteristics of the macrofungi were recorded and photographed. After field studies, specimens were taken to the laboratory for further studies. Specimens were identified using the literature on macrofungi by Breitenbach and Kränzlin (19842000), Brensinsky and Besl (1990), Cappelli (1984), Ellis and Ellis (1990), Knudsen and Vesterholt (2008), Kränzlin (2005), Marchand (1971-1986), Moser (1983), Pacioni (1985), Phillips (2006), Riva (1988), Watling and Gregory (1987, 1989). New records were checked with the relevant literature: Allı et al. (2011), Demirel et al. (2010), Doğan et al. (2005), Doğan et al. (2012), Kaya (2009), Sesli and Denchev (2008), Solak et al. (2007), Türkoğlu ve Yağız (2012). The current study aims to contribute to the knowledge of Turkish macromycota by adding new records. Materials and methods The specimens were collected from different localities of Burdur Province between 2006 and 2008. The field studies were conducted mostly in autumn and spring, because of suitable climatic conditions for growth of fungi. During field studies The identified specimens are kept at the fungarium of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University. Figure 1. Map of the research area 29 Ekim(2013)4(2)28-34 Results In this study 35 taxa belonging to 17 families were identified. These taxa are presented with their localities, habitats, collection dates, and accession numbers. Nomenclature is given according to Index Fungorum (Accession date 18.3.2013). Syn: Calvatia excipuliformis (Pers.) Perdeck Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 3.11.2007, Solak 3222. Edible. 9.Lycoperdon lividum Pers. Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3135; Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 3.11.2007, Solak 3223. Inedible. 10.Lycoperdon pyriforme Schaeff. Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 3.11.2007, Solak 3225. Edible. Bolbitiaceae Singer 11.Conocybe semiglobata Kühner & Watling Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 3.11.2007, Solak 3227. Inedible. Geastraceae Corda 12.Geastrum fimbriatum Fr. Syn: Geastrum sessile Fr. Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 13.04.2007, Solak 3131. Inedible. Gomphidiaceae Maire ex Jülich 13.Chroogomphus rutilus (Fr.) O.K. Miller Ağlasun, Doğandere village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3805. Edible. Inocybaceae Julich 14.Inocybe maculipes J. Favre (Figure 2) Cap to 2 cm, hemispherical to spherical, surface dull, radially fibrillose, covered with white arachnoid veil remnants when young, later ocher-brown, center white for a long time, margin crenate. Flesh whitish, when cut slowly browning, odor spermatic, taste mild. Lamellae white, grey brown, narrowly attached edges whitish. Stipe 2.5-3 cm cylindrical, solid, surface whitish when young, later light ocher and spotting dark brown, fibrillose, apex whitepruinose. Spores elliptical to amygdaliform, smooth, yellow-brown, thick walled, 9-13 × 5-6 µm. Cystidia 50-70 × 15-20 µm, cylindrical to fusiform, with crystals. Grows in alpine pastures and meadows (Breitenbach and Kärnzlin, 2000; Moser, 1983). Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, in meadows, 13.04.2007, Solak 3127. Poisonous. List of Taxa ASCOMYCOTA Helvellaceae Fr. 1.Helvella acetabulum (L.) Quél. Syn: Paxina acetabulum (L.) Kuntze Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3130. Inedible. 2.Helvella leucomelaena (Pers.) Nannf. Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3129; Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3138. Poisonous. Morchellaceae Rchb. 3.Morchella conica Krombh Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3136. Edible. BASIDIOMYCOTA Agaricaceae Chevall. 4.Bovista plumbea Pers. Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 2293. Edible. 5.Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Pers. Yeşilova, Yarışlı village, under poplar and walnut trees, 3.11.2007, Solak 3230; Yeşilova, Yarışlı village, under walnut trees, 25.10.2008, Solak 3797. Edible. 6.Coprinopsis nivea (Pers.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo Syn: Coprinus latisporus P.D. Ort Yeşilova, Hacılar village, in meadows, 27.10.2006, Solak 2299. Inedible. 7.Cystodermella granulosa (Batsch) Harmaja Syn: Cystoderma granulosum (Batsch) Fayod Ağlasun, Doğandere village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3824. Inedible. 8.Lycoperdon excipuliforme (Scop.) Pers. 30 Ekim(2013)4(2)28-34 Figure 2. Inocybe maculipes a. Fruiting bodies b. spores c. cystidia 15.Inocybe queletii Konrad Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 27.10.2006, Solak 2297. Poisonous. Meruliaceae Rea 16.Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.) P. Karst. Yeşilova, Yarışlı village, on poplar, 25.10.2008, Solak 3799. Inedible. Mycenaceae Roze 17.Mycena seynii Quél. Ağlasun, Doğandere village, on pine cones, 25.10.2008, Solak 3804. Inedible. Pleurotaceae Kuhner 18.Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. Yeşilova, Yarışlı village, on poplar, 3.11.2007, Solak 3228; Yeşilova, Yarışlı village, on poplar, 25.10.2008, Solak 3795. Edible. Polyporaceae Fr. ex Corda 19.Trametes trogii Berk. Syn: Funalia trogii (Berk.) Bond. & Sing. Center, Çine village, on poplar, 25.10.2008, Solak 3801; Center, Çine village, on willow, 13.5.2007, I 8376. Inedible. Psathyrellaceae Vilgalys, Moncalvo &Redhead 20.Psathyrella candolleana (Fr.) Maire Yeşilova, Yarışlı village, under walnut trees, 3.11.2007, Solak 3229. Inedible. Rhizopogonaceae Gäum. & C.W. Dodge 21.Rhizopogon luteolus Fr. Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 27.10.2006, Solak 2292. Edible. 22.Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda) Th. Fr Ağlasun, Doğandere village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3818. Edible. Russulaceae Lotsy 23.Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray Ağlasun, Doğandere village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3808. Edible. 24.Lactarius deterrimus Gröger Ağlasun, Yazı village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3803. Edible. Sclerodermataceae Corda 25.Pisolithus arhizus (Scop.) Rauschert Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3788; Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3790. Inedible. Suillaceae Besl & Bresinsky 26.Suillus bellini (Inzenga) Watling Ağlasun, Doğandere village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3816. Edible. 27.Suillus granulatus (L.) Roussel Ağlasun, Doğandere village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3820. Edible. Tricholomataceae R. Heim 28.Clitocybe vermicularis (Fr.) Quél Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3137. Inedible. 29.Lepista nuda (Bull.) Cooke Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3132. Edible. 31 Ekim(2013)4(2)28-34 30.Melanoleuca cognata var. cognata (Fr.) Konrad & Maubl. Yeşilova, Güney, Horozköy, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3128. Edible. 31.Melanoleuca melaleuca (Pers.) Murrill Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 13.4.2007, Solak 3134. Edible. 32.Melanoleuca paedida (Fr.) Kühner & Maire Yeşilova, Yarışlı village, in meadowss, 3.11.2007, Solak 3231. Edible. 33. Tricholoma fracticum (Britzelm.) Kreisel Ağlasun, Doğandere village, in pine forest, 25.10.2008, Solak 3814. Inedible. 3 4 . Tr i c h o l o m a p o r t e n t o s u m v a r. lugdunense Bon. (Figure 3) Fruiting body 6-8 cm, convex-wavy, viscid, cuticle silky. Lamellae white with light yellow reflection. Stipe cylindrical, bent, solid. Odor and taste farinaceous. Spores subglobose to elliptical, hyaline, 5.5-6.5 × 4.5-5 µm. Specimen is separated from Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quel with white and yellow colours of pileus, especially toward the disc. Also cap cuticle completely or almost completely devoid of black fibrils (Riva, 1988). Burdur –Isparta way 5. Km, in Cedrus forest, 21.4.2006. Solak 2107b. Unknown. 35.Tricholoma terreum (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 21.4.2006, Solak 2106; Burdur –Isparta way 5. Km, in Cedrus forest, 21.4.2006. Solak 2107a; Yeşilova, near Salda lake, in pine forest, 27.10.2006, Solak 2289. Edible. Figure 3. Tricholoma portentosum var. lugdunense a. Fruiting bodies b. spores 32 Ekim(2013)4(2)28-34 Discussion and conclusion As a result, the number of taxa reported from earlier researchers is 1. We have added 35 taxa. Thus, the number of total species reached 36 for Burdur. All of the given families were found for the first time in Burdur. However Inocybe maculipes and Tricholoma portentosum var. lugdunense are new records for Turkey. This study represents significant contribution to the knowledge of Turkish and Burdur's mycota. In this study, 35 taxa belonging to 17 families and 2 divisio were identified. 3 taxa belong to Ascomycota and 32 to Basidiomycota. The distribution of the taxa and their families is as follows: Helvellaceae 2, Morchellaceae 1, Agaricaceae 7, Bolbitiaceae 1, Geastraceae 1, Gomphidiaceae 1, Inocybaceae 2, Meruliaceae 1, Mycenaceae 1, Pleurotaceae 1, Polyporaceae 1, Psathyrellaceae 1, Rhizopogonaceae 2, Russulaceae 2, Sclerodermataceae 1, Suillaceae 2 and Tricholomataceae 8. Most of the determined species belong to the families Tricholomataceae (22.8%) and Agaricaceae (20%). 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