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Avaliação e qualidade

As escolas em Portugal encontram-se sob o olhar atento da sociedade devido à crescente importância da sua avaliação como base de trabalho para a tão desejada autonomia. Todavia, a avaliação conduzida pelas próprias escolas (isto é, auto-avaliação) só agora começa a dar os primeiros passos. Este artigo discute a temática da avaliação de escolas com o objectivo de fornecer um recurso útil aos órgãos de gestão e professores que necessitam de avaliar as suas escolas. Os fundamentos da avaliação de escolas são revisitados e os conceitos de qualidade na educação são introduzidos, seguidos de uma discussão de como o Modelo de Excelência da European Foundation for Quality Management pode ser adaptado com sucesso à auto-avaliação das escolas. O argumento principal é que a avaliação é uma condição necessária para a melhoria da qualidade das escolas. Também de defende que este Modelo pode desempenhar um papel importante na concepção de instrumentos de auto-avaliação as escolas.

!" # $ Avaliação e Qualidade: Dois Conceitos Indissociáveis na Gestão Escolar ! % & - 2& 1 0 ' & ( . /* ) 0 + &3 )! % * + , . &1/ */* ) 0 4 1& 5 Resumo. 6 8 & , : 2 0 & 7 & 0 1 & 0* & 9 3, 0 1 & 1 * & 0 /; 3, < * *&=*& 3, 5 = 7 & 0 3 & *& 0 & * / & 7 0> 3, 0 1: - & & 0 & & ? =&7, 7 , *& & @ 0 & /4 0 3, , & @ 3, , & < 7 0 , 0 + A B & * % - &C + 7 0 * & * 0 8 3, / 4 &7 0 *& * @ 3, 0 3, >& * & 0 & @ / ; 01 0 @ + * 0* & 0 * * 0* & *3, & 0 3, / Palavras chave: 6 C + 3, A B & 3, Abstract. & 7 & * 1 0* & & 0 &D 7 1 E & 0 1 0 5 & D -& * /; 0 1: *& 0 7 0 1 & & 0 0 & & & & 1 + & * % - &C + * 0 /; 0 &7 & - & 0*& 7 @ + * 0* & & & 0 - & / Keywords: 6 %C+ A 0 + / 6 3, %C+/ 6 1 7& & & 0 2/ / * * & & * 7 0 0 7 - & & / ; -@ A 1 / - 0 &7 0 - 0 7 0 / 0 C ; D ! % & ' & ( )! % * + , 1. Introdução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valiação de escolas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valiação Externa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uto Avaliação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especificidade da auto avaliação nas escolas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ualidade por Excelência 4 * 7 @ &7 < 3F - 3F 2M 0 * &- 0 S( - & 1 H5" - &0 * & 0 * & : & & ; D ! % & ' & LC )! % * 0* LC 0*& /N LC , LC 0 ( & & - & & 0 0* 6@ * 6@ & *& & 3 @ A* & 6 7 0*& 0*& C - &3 , , , ; < 0 /N 8 *& 0 & < *& & 0*& /N & & *& 0 /N *& 0 & ' @ 0 *& & 0 0 0 & - A& 0 0 0* - &0 - & * & * &* 26 = S; A & H) & 0 S I 2 5 , & * @ @ / ! &1 0 *& @ * & 0 & @ 0 *& & 3 / ! & & * * / T & & ( 0 7 0 *& & @ - &0 0 0 @ & & @ 0 0 0 @ 1 & / 7 6 = S; @ * 0 * 3, , A - &0 3, ( 0 7 U > @ , VN ( - &0 & @ *& * &* : 0 - & & 3F 8 0 : 0 0 S ; A & H5/ ( ? 0 * G 0 @ & 0M S( 6@ A* & - < & 1 0 - < & & & + , 3, &7 < 3F 0 @ 2MC;5 @ 0 *& - SI A 0 0 / 6 0 & @ & 01 0 *& * A & 2 B , - @ - 3F 0 @ 0* 0 & & & 0 @ 2 H 5 , 7 A & & < 0 & = 01 & 0 & *& 0 0 26 = , " A* * 0 5/ ( @ @ & * 0 0 & *& 3, 0 - 3, H H5 L *&=*& 1 1 0 A*& 0 * G & - 3 & 0 ) & & 9 @ * , * & - &B @ & 3 0 * &0 @ @ *& ) 01 ) 3 / * * & * * *& 0 * & 3 & A B / * 3, *&> < &, 0 M , * - & 7 - &0 " L@ & G * & 0 ; D 6 0 3, C "( ' &7 < 3, * & 0*& & && * & N2 SI # H5/ 6 MC; *& B @ @ 0* & &7 < 3, * & @ 0*& 0 - &3 >& 0 & G *& @ && * & 0 0 * & & 0 0 7 & &* & 0 @ 1 *& 0 & 0 & G * @ & 3 *& < 01 0 2M S ( H) W : 5/ 0* & 9 * L*& @ , *& < @ N 2M S( H 5/ > * & & M , & A* 0 0 & & 3 @ A* *& & 1 & 0 @ * * & &7 0 / & 3 *& 3, & 0 A& 0 < 3F 3.1 A Qualidade nas Escolas + & & 0* 7& A B 0 01& ? 1: @ @ & &7 < 3, 0 &7 < 3F @ , 01 0 0 *& & & 7& A B / 6*= & 7 1: 7 & < 3, & 1& 7 =& L 0 &7 0 G7 & & 3, 0 @ , @ N 2+ &7 5 0 0* & 0* @ && 0 @ 0 *& & & 0 & & @ B0 @ 0 0 L 0 -G 0 0 & * 7 & 0 3, @ : @ N 24 & S 6& ?: $ #5/ 3.1.1 Qualidade de ensino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qualidade nas escolas portuguesas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odelo de Excelência da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igura 1: Conceitos fundamentais da Excelência (EFQM, 2003b) Figura 2. Modelo de Excelência da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igura 3. A lógica RADAR (EFQM, 2004) ! * L 3, =7 0 , 0 & 0 & @ N 2 %C+ * & 0 * & & + * 0 A B 0 *& 3, 6(6 61 & 7 0 ( 1& 0 6 3, & * & * & & & + @ & & * & * & & & #5/ 3, @ - > * *& 3, & 3, 0 A B %C+ * 0 1 & & 0 0 & & 2; 1 5/ 0: , * 0 3, *& * * %C+ 0 & * & 3, 7 1 / 6 & & 1 0 0 * & 7 1 2 & * 5 & @ 0 * 7 * &@ - &0 3, 0 &1 G ?0 & F @ >& &1 0 0 0 @ @ & 0 1 0 @ F @ F & * / H ; D ! % & ' & ( )! % * + , Tabela 1. Critérios do Modelo de Excelência e respectiva pontuação (EFQM, 2004) Critérios Excelência Pontuação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daptação do Modelo de Excelência da EFQM ao sector educativo 0 0 0* & 2M & K H 7& * & * & & *& 2[5 X@ Y 1 & & & K 5/ 4 + & L* & * ' 1 M , C R 0 6 3, 0 * * 3, + X A B Y %C+ - &0 & , * & &N *& 0 * * & * &8& ; D 6 *?1 01 & & & &> * & 3, * + - &0 * & *& & @ @ & * 7 0 * ! ! & ' C "( ' > A B * * * &@ * , 2M & & 0 &" " #$ & %C+ * & &@ 0 0* & 9 & * K5/ 6 0 *& 0 3F 1 & ! % * +, , ! % % ! M ( ! () % ! % -../% -.01 & &0 0 2 -&/ & / 5 6 3, 0 & & 26 5 0 1 & 3, 0 0 0*& & >& C 2CO6I5 & && * < >& 0* 0 0 *& : 3, &7 < 3F & * & 1 0 * 3, 0 A B %C+/ & & 3F & *& : * &0 &@ 0 * & * * & 0 - &0 *& 0 3, 0 & &7 < 3, &/ ]> 0 901 0 *& : & < 1 7 ! 6 0 & 3, 0 A B %C+ * 0 *?1 * & 0 I & 2 5 G - &0 0M , * & 6 6 3, ( 0* @ - * & < * & - &0 @ *& %7 & / &0 + & < ' % 0 A B *& 0 2% 7 & 5 - 0 & 0 * & - &B 0 / * , 1 7 , @ 0* & 0 *& 0 1: 0 0 @ 1 0 > 1: 8 MC;/ 4 0 *& * %C+ , - &0 * A @ 7 *& & & 0 0 & & A, / 6 I & 3 0* & 0 @ 6 01 =&7, & * > * - 3, & & 1 0 0 =&7, * & * 3, & *& 3, 0 ) ' A =&7, 0 & 3, 7 , >& * 7=7 & 0 & & ) ' 7=7 @ =&7, & 3, & 3, / &B =&7, & 3 * 1 0 0 @ &7 < 3, 7 & , & * > * - 3, + , , & @ & 0 1 & : / 1 ; D ! % & 6 1 & A B 3F 0* * & & * & & ' & ( 0 & : 0 / ' - &0 && & )! % * + , * * ' & & 2 0 & 1 0 * & * 3, *& 0 2[5 0*& 0 , 0 , * G 7& 5 LX Y 0 7 & 1 0 * &0 & 0 & 7& 0 &> / 4 & *& & 1& * N/ Figura 4. Modelo Personalizado (Leandro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onclusão 6 0 0 A B 3, @ * & & 1 3, 0 &1 &* & - & 1 & 3, 0 & 7 0 & & : ( 0 @ *& &> @ , 0 0 @ &>& * 7 & 0 0 0 @ * * & 0* 0 3, 3, 0 @ * @ : & * > * & *& * * 3, 0 &/ 0: , * & 0 * 3, & 0 0 @ @ 0 7 @ 0 0/ %C+ & 3, + 8 0 & ' && & 3, * @ 0 @ - && 0 00 & 0 0 * & 2 & : 5/ & -& : 8 0* 0 3, * , : 0 0 1 - & 3F - &0 3, *& /' 0 0 01 0 > 2 0 & &B 5 @ - 3 0* & 0 & & - && @ & 7 0 0 *& *& G* 7 & & * *& & 1 0 Referências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` / 0 &J 5M ( )! % * a0 _ M + , -N/ ( * G 0 *"JJ* & / & 7 /-&J / 0 & &/ & " 3F 6 6/ :otas Curriculares :uno Fernando de Carvalho Dias 2 . /* 5 6 0, * O & ' 01& + & 0 6 0 & 3, * O & ' = & 7 /6 0 0* E & ; & 0 ' 01& / 4 & < 3, 0 A B 3, &7 < 3F 0 7 4&7 < 3, & 3F 7 3, 0 1& / :uno Filipe Rosa Melão 2 0 . &1/ */* 5 & 0 & 0 0*& & * O & I & 2 O 5/ 6 0 A & ' & 7 Z & O & ' = & 7 & >& 0 @ 7 , 7 , * & 3F 0 - &0 3, / Q 7 0 & >& * 1 3F 0 & & / 4 & 7 3, & 0 1& 0 & @ 7 , 0 & *& &7 < 7= ? &= 7 & &= / 'B *& 0 7 G7 , &= &