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Zerihun Jalata

Wollega University, Plant Science, Post-Doc

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Academician and researcher at Wollega University involved in teaching l learning, supervision, reviews, leadership positions and community development
Supervisors: Dr. Firew Mekbib, Dr. Berhane Lakew, and and Dr.Ahmed Seid
Phone: +251920413037
Address: Western Ethiopia, Shambu

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Papers by Zerihun Jalata

GGE-biplot Analysis of Multi-environment Yield Trials of Barley (Hordeium vulgare L.) Genotypes in Southeastern Ethiopia Highlands

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Dec 15, 2010

Effects of Weeding Frequency and NPS Fertilizer Rates on Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Yield performance, Western Ethiopia

by Zerihun Jalata and Jaleta Mendera

International Journal of Agricultural Science and food technology, 2024

Background: Food barley is one of the main staple crops in Ethiopia, however, its production is i... more Background: Food barley is one of the main staple crops in Ethiopia, however, its production is infl uenced by several factors including the effect of weeds and low soil fertility. Purpose: An experiment was conducted with the objective of investigating the combined impact of weeding frequencies and NPS fertilizer rates on barley growth and yield performance. Methodology: Three levels of weeding frequencies (designated as W1, W2, and W3 for one-time, two-time, and three-time weeding, respectively), and fi ve levels of NPS fertilizers (50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1) were applied in an RCB and replicated three times. HB1307 was used as the test material. Results: The results indicated that NPS fertilizer rates and weeding frequency had a signifi cant (p < 0.01) main infl uence on barley phenology. The interaction between NPS fertilizer rates and weeding frequency resulted in a highly signifi cant (p < 0.01) impact on food barley production, grain yield, and other yield component metrics. Maximum straw yield (5476 kg ha-1) was obtained from the application of 200 kg NPS ha-1 with three weeding frequencies. Moreover, the highest grain output (4726 kg ha-1) and highest net return (106,889.8 ETB (Ethiopian Birr ha-1) with a marginal rate of return (47430.8%) were achieved by applying 200kg NPS ha-1 and weeding three times. Conclusion: Barley yield performance was greatly infl uenced by the application of 200 kg NPS ha-1 with three times weeding, resulting in the maximum grain yield (4726 kg ha-1) and straw yield (5476 kg ha-1) that was determined to be cost-effective. However, further research is required to achieve optimum rates of treatment.

Physical quality of coffee bean (Coffea arabica L.) as affected by harvesting and drying methods

Journal of Horticultural Sciences

Coffee is a stimulant crop with high socio-economic cultural value including economical significa... more Coffee is a stimulant crop with high socio-economic cultural value including economical significance in Ethiopia. This study was conducted in 2019-2020 to investigate the effect of harvesting methods and drying surfaces on the physical quality of the coffee beans. The experiment was carried out with two factors, harvesting methods and drying surfaces laid out in a two factorial completely randomized block design with three replications using a landrace coffee variety. The result showed that the interaction of harvesting methods and drying surfaces was highly significant (P<0.01) for coffee bean size and dried coffee berry weight. The highest beans retained above screen were recorded from the interaction of mesh wire (90%) and cemented drying (89%) surfaces with selective harvesting methods. The highest dried coffee berry weight (69.33 gm) were attained from the interaction of selective harvesting with mesh wire drying surfaces. The lowest dried coffee berry weight (63.79 gm) were...

Response of tef (Eragrostis tef [Zucc.] Trotter.) variety to varying seed rates and inter-row spacings for growth, yield and lodging severity in Western Ethiopia

All Life

Diallel analysis of scald and net blotch resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 2019

Scald and net blotch are major foliar diseases of barley causing high yield losses worldwide incl... more Scald and net blotch are major foliar diseases of barley causing high yield losses worldwide including Ethiopia. Development of varieties with double resistance is an effective approach of managing both diseases. However, the genetic background of the barley parents was not studied for future resistance breeding. Thus, the objective of the study was to assess genotype performances against scald and net blotch, investigate gene effects involved in controlling the diseases for future breeding and suggest better breeding system. Therefore, twenty eight barley genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Holetta in 2015. Combining ability analysis showed general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant (P0.01) for initial disease severity, final percent severity and Area under disease pressure curve (AUDPC) for both scald and net blotch except for SCA in initial and AUDPC of net blotch. This revealed the importance of additive and non-additive gene actions in controlling resistance for both diseases. HB1307 and HB42 parents were general combiner for scald and net blotch resistance. The result suggests the possibility of developing diverse populations from superior GCA parents to scald and net blotch through diallel intermating of selected segregants followed by selection at late generations. And final disease rating can be useful for evaluating a large number of barley genotypes to both diseases.

Vermicompost and Blended NPS Fertilizers Effect on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Yield

Asian Journal of Applied Sciences

Exploring the Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Gain in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) Genotypes

International Journal of Agricultural Research

Yield performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) under integrated use of blended NPS fertilizer and vermicompost in Horroguduru area, Western Ethiopia

Research Square (Research Square), May 31, 2022

Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained wit... more Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained with low soil fertility. This study was conducted at Gitilo site, western Ethiopia during 2019 year with the aim to analyze the impact of vermicompost and blended NPS fertilizer rates on potato yield associated traits. The treatments consisted of four rates of NPS fertilizers (0, 150, 200, and 250 kg NPS ha − 1) and four rates of vermicompost (0, 4, 6, and 8 tha − 1) in 4x4 factorial which becomes laid out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The result revealed signi cant in uence of NPS fertilizers and vermicompost on all parameters measured indicating a high response of potato to the treatments. The application of blended NPS fertilizer integrated with vermicompost resulted superior to the application of either NPS fertilizer or vermicompost alone. The combined application of 8tha − 1 vermicompost with 250 kg ha − 1 blended NPS fertilizer resulted in maximum value for most of the yield parameters including marketable tuber yield (27.4 tha − 1) and total tuber yield (27.9 tha − 1).. The result suggests the application of 250 kg ha − 1 blended NPS with 8 t ha − 1 vermicompost is pro table with a net bene ts of about 2761USD with a 315.9% marginal rate of return. Since at increasing levels of treatment resulted an increasing yield trend, further study is required to identify the optimum rate of recommendation of both fertilizers.

Growth and Yield Response of Bread Wheat Variety Grown Under Varying Seed Rate and Weeding Time

Influence of blended NPSB fertilizer on nodulation and yield performance of Rhizobium inoculated common bean varieties in acidic soil, western Ethiopia

All Life

The decline of soil fertility and limited adaptive cultivars are some of the factors that affect ... more The decline of soil fertility and limited adaptive cultivars are some of the factors that affect crop production. This study aimed to examine the response of Rhizobium inoculated common bean varieties to NPSB fertilizer application for nodulation, yield, and yield related traits. Three varieties of common bean (Local, Loko, and Nasir) were combined with four rates of blended NPSB (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha−1) fertilizers in randomized complete block design with three replications arranged factorially. The result revealed significantly highest number of total nodules (53.7), effective nodules per plant (35.54), number of pods per plant (7.4), plant stand count (87%), biomass (17.5 t ha1), seed yield (2996 kg ha1), and harvest index (16.67%) were recorded at the rate of 100 kg ha−1 NPSB which was 183%, 60%, 100%, 19%, 56%, 112%, and 33.3% increment over the control, respectively. Nodules fresh weight and nodules dry weight per plant showed 188% and 344.8% improvement over control, respectively. Nassir variety was higher in nodulation and yield, while Loko variety had long rooting which has implication on nitrogen fixation and plant nutrition. Thus, the result suggests that highest seed yield was achieved from variety Nasir (2996 kg ha−1) with 100 kg ha−1 blended NPSB combination producing net benefit ha−1 of 79,245.78 ETB (Ethiopian Birr).

Yield performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) under integrated use of blended NPS fertilizer and vermicompost in Horroguduru area, Western Ethiopia

Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained wit... more Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained with low soil fertility. This study was conducted at Gitilo site, western Ethiopia during 2019 year with the aim to analyze the impact of vermicompost and blended NPS fertilizer rates on potato yield associated traits. The treatments consisted of four rates of NPS fertilizers (0, 150, 200, and 250 kg NPS ha− 1) and four rates of vermicompost (0, 4, 6, and 8 tha− 1) in 4x4 factorial which becomes laid out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The result revealed significant influence of NPS fertilizers and vermicompost on all parameters measured indicating a high response of potato to the treatments. The application of blended NPS fertilizer integrated with vermicompost resulted superior to the application of either NPS fertilizer or vermicompost alone. The combined application of 8tha− 1 vermicompost with 250 kg ha− 1 blended NPS fertilizer resulted in maximum value for m...

Research Article Evaluation of ICARDA Barley genotypes for yield stability and lodging resistance in southeastern Ethiopia highlands

Growth and Yield Response of Bread Wheat Variety Grown Under Varying Seed Rate and Weeding Time Growth and Yield Response of Bread Wheat Variety Grown Under Varying Seed Rate and Weeding Time

Wheat is among the most important staple crop globally. However, constrained by appropriate agron... more Wheat is among the most important staple crop globally. However, constrained by appropriate agronomic practices. Therefore, the information on the interaction effect of seed rate and weeding period is useful to identify the effective time of weeding for high yield of wheat. Thus, the present study conducted at Amuru district of Horro Guduru Zone, Ethiopia in 2019 cropping season with the aim of identifying optimum seed rate and appropriate time of weeding to improve production and productivity of bread in the area. The experiment was laid down in randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. The treatment was arranged in factorial combinations of four weeding intervals (farmer practice, weeding at two weeks after emergence, three weeks after emergence and four weeks after emergence) and three levels of seed rate (125 kg, 150 kg and 175 kg).The result showed that days to 50% heading, days to maturity and effective tillers per plant were highly significantly (p<0....

Correlations and path Analysis of some quantitative characters in barley (Hordeum vulgareum L.) landraces in western Oromia, Ethiopia

African Journal of Plant Science, 2019

Barley is recognized as one of the oldest cereal crop in Ethiopia grown for various uses. The kno... more Barley is recognized as one of the oldest cereal crop in Ethiopia grown for various uses. The knowledge of the association between various yield components and yield is paramount important for effective selection in crop improvement. The present study was to determine the interrelationship and direct and indirect effects of yield component traits on grain yield of Ethiopian landraces barley for further breeding activities of yield improvement. One hundred barley landraces were laid out in 10 x 10 simple lattice design with two replications in 2017 main cropping season at Mata sub site of Haro-Sabu Agricultural Research Center (HSARC). The analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p≤ 0.01) to low significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference for all the characters. Sixteen parameters were evaluated to assess the inter relationship among yield and yield-related agronomic characters and their effect on grain yield. Grain yield showed positive and significant genotypic correlations with grain weight per spike (r g = 0.36), spike weight per plant (r g = 0.38), 1000-seed weight (r g = 0.66), biological yield (r g = 0.83), awn length (r g = 0.34) and plant height (r g = 0.23). The result revealed that biological yield, 1000-seed weight, productive tillers per plant and grain weight per spike were the most important yield components as they exerted positive direct effect on grain yield as well as positive genetic association with each other explaining the existence of significant correlation. This suggests that simultaneous improvement in these characters might be possible.

Sesame (Sesame indicum L.) Crop Production in Ethiopia: Trends, Challenges and Future Prospects Keywords: Sesame Production Trend Oil Content Challenges Opportunities *Corresponding Author

Article Information The Aim of this paper is to review the importance of sesame (Sesamum indicum ... more Article Information The Aim of this paper is to review the importance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) oil crop, production status in Ethiopia, constraints, potentials and future opportunities. Sesame is one of the most important high value oil crops in Ethiopia contributing high foreign currency. Sesame oil is useful edible oil and has wide applications. Different reports indicate that the sesame production is increasing from year to year which is mainly driven by high current market demand and suitability of environmental factors. For instance, the recent five years data indicated that the production is growing at the rate of about 54% in parallel with an increased area coverage of about 45% during the same years indicating a yield gain from extensive farming system. The production is concentrated in South western and north western parts of Ethiopian. The three commonly used sesame commercial varieties in these areas are known by their brand name as Humera, Gondar and Wollega types....

Generation Mean Analysis of Some Agronomic Traits in HB42xSabini Barley Cross

Generation Mean Analysis of Net Blotch and Scald Diseases on Barley

The information on the nature and magnitude of genes controlling the resistance to net blotch and... more The information on the nature and magnitude of genes controlling the resistance to net blotch and scald in barley is useful in resistance breeding. Thus, field experiment was conducted at Holetta, Ethiopia in 2015 on barley using six basic generations of (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2) which was derived from ‘HB42’x‘Sabini’ parental cross which were evaluated in RCB design with three replications to investigate the gene actions and interactions gene effects involved in controlling resistance to net blotch and scald diseases in barley. The result of scaling tests and generation mean analysis indicated the predominance of non-additive gene effects including epistasis gene effects than additive gene effects for all parameters and this was also confirmed by variance component analysis. Moreover, the digenic epistatic model failed to explain variation in generation means for all parameters may due to the presence of higher-order interaction and linkages. In general, the results suggest gr...

Current Status, Potentials and Opportunities of Avocado Production as an Alternative Crop: the Case of Ethiopia: A Review

Agricultural Reviews, 2021

The current diminishing farmland size and land productivity due to a population pressure, the dec... more The current diminishing farmland size and land productivity due to a population pressure, the decline in soil fertility and climate change is as major challenges in crop production making unsustainable necessitating some resilience mechanism. Crop diversification can be a useful strategy. Thus, avocado can be considered as an important alternative crop to the farmers in most areas in Ethiopia as there are high potential and suitability of the agro-ecologies, high domestic and export market potential. Avocado can provides multiple benefits to the farmers especially to improve farmers’ income, increase land productivity, sustainability and food security. Furthermore, it has complementary advantages for business and economic activities of growing towns in nearby areas. And avocado is a high yielder, the nitration value of avocado is recommendable for nutritional deficient people in developing countries including Ethiopia. However, currently, there is a large yield gap of avocado produc...

Effect of Blended Fertilizer and Levels of Phosphorus on Yield and Juice Quality of Sugarcane at Fincha Sugar Estate, Ethiopia

International Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2020

High yield production and juice quality is essential in commercial sugarcane (Saccharum officinar... more High yield production and juice quality is essential in commercial sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production. And this is possible is partly influenced by fertilizers. However, especially the effect of phosphorus and blended fertilizers was not known at study area. Field experiment was conducted at Fincha Sugar Estate, Ethiopia in 2018-2019 aiming to determine the effect of blended fertilizers and levels of phosphorus on yield and juice quality of sugarcane. The treatments were arranged in factorial combinations of three blended fertilizers (NPS, NPSB, and NPSBZn) and five phosphorus levels (0, 57, 76, 114, and 152 kg ha-1) and the experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Data on sugarcane yield and juice quality parameters (Brix%, pol%, purity) and sugar yield were collected and analyzed. The result revealed that the main effect and interaction effects of blended fertilizers at different levels of phosphorus were highly significantly (p<0.001) for all parameters studied except for cane yield and Brix%. Accordingly, maximum cane yield was recorded in blended fertilizer NPSBZn at levels of phosphorus 152 and 114 kg ha-1 producing 242.5 and 233 t ha-1 , respectively. Thus, cane yield ranged from 106.04 to 242.5 t ha-1 depending on blended fertilizers and levels of phosphorus. The juice quality Brix%, pol%, purity and sugar yields of NPSBZn at a level of 114 kg ha-1 phosphorus was superior. Therefore, the finding show the application of blended fertilizer NPSBZn with a level of 114 kg ha-1 phosphorus was resulted in high cane yield and juice quality of sugarcane.

Heterosis in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for Yield and Yield Component Traits

Advances in Research, 2020

Estimates of heterosis for F1 hybrids over mid and better parent were computed for traits that sh... more Estimates of heterosis for F1 hybrids over mid and better parent were computed for traits that showed significant differences between genotypes on analysis of variance. Heterosis for yield components and yield was studied using 8x8 half diallel cross in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The heterosis for yield was generally accompanied by heterosis for yield components. Heterosis for marketable fruit yield per plant ranged from (-63.4%) (P3xP8) to (33.8%) (P6xP8) and (-62.5%) (P3xP8) to (52.6%) (P5xP7), for mid parent and better parent respectively. Significant heterosis over better and mid-parent was observed for all the traits. Best parent and Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) was highest and in desirable direction for number of marketable fruit per plant (29.3%; 29.2%) in crosses ( P3xP6 for both ) and pericarp thickness (46.3%; 57.6%) in crosses (P2xP6 and P4xP8), number of fruit cluster per plant (32.8%; 35.9%) in cross (P3xP6 for both), individual fruit weight (36.1%; 41.2%) in ...

GGE-biplot Analysis of Multi-environment Yield Trials of Barley (Hordeium vulgare L.) Genotypes in Southeastern Ethiopia Highlands

International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Dec 15, 2010

Effects of Weeding Frequency and NPS Fertilizer Rates on Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Yield performance, Western Ethiopia

by Zerihun Jalata and Jaleta Mendera

International Journal of Agricultural Science and food technology, 2024

Background: Food barley is one of the main staple crops in Ethiopia, however, its production is i... more Background: Food barley is one of the main staple crops in Ethiopia, however, its production is infl uenced by several factors including the effect of weeds and low soil fertility. Purpose: An experiment was conducted with the objective of investigating the combined impact of weeding frequencies and NPS fertilizer rates on barley growth and yield performance. Methodology: Three levels of weeding frequencies (designated as W1, W2, and W3 for one-time, two-time, and three-time weeding, respectively), and fi ve levels of NPS fertilizers (50, 100, 150, and 200 kg ha-1) were applied in an RCB and replicated three times. HB1307 was used as the test material. Results: The results indicated that NPS fertilizer rates and weeding frequency had a signifi cant (p < 0.01) main infl uence on barley phenology. The interaction between NPS fertilizer rates and weeding frequency resulted in a highly signifi cant (p < 0.01) impact on food barley production, grain yield, and other yield component metrics. Maximum straw yield (5476 kg ha-1) was obtained from the application of 200 kg NPS ha-1 with three weeding frequencies. Moreover, the highest grain output (4726 kg ha-1) and highest net return (106,889.8 ETB (Ethiopian Birr ha-1) with a marginal rate of return (47430.8%) were achieved by applying 200kg NPS ha-1 and weeding three times. Conclusion: Barley yield performance was greatly infl uenced by the application of 200 kg NPS ha-1 with three times weeding, resulting in the maximum grain yield (4726 kg ha-1) and straw yield (5476 kg ha-1) that was determined to be cost-effective. However, further research is required to achieve optimum rates of treatment.

Physical quality of coffee bean (Coffea arabica L.) as affected by harvesting and drying methods

Journal of Horticultural Sciences

Coffee is a stimulant crop with high socio-economic cultural value including economical significa... more Coffee is a stimulant crop with high socio-economic cultural value including economical significance in Ethiopia. This study was conducted in 2019-2020 to investigate the effect of harvesting methods and drying surfaces on the physical quality of the coffee beans. The experiment was carried out with two factors, harvesting methods and drying surfaces laid out in a two factorial completely randomized block design with three replications using a landrace coffee variety. The result showed that the interaction of harvesting methods and drying surfaces was highly significant (P<0.01) for coffee bean size and dried coffee berry weight. The highest beans retained above screen were recorded from the interaction of mesh wire (90%) and cemented drying (89%) surfaces with selective harvesting methods. The highest dried coffee berry weight (69.33 gm) were attained from the interaction of selective harvesting with mesh wire drying surfaces. The lowest dried coffee berry weight (63.79 gm) were...

Response of tef (Eragrostis tef [Zucc.] Trotter.) variety to varying seed rates and inter-row spacings for growth, yield and lodging severity in Western Ethiopia

All Life

Diallel analysis of scald and net blotch resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 2019

Scald and net blotch are major foliar diseases of barley causing high yield losses worldwide incl... more Scald and net blotch are major foliar diseases of barley causing high yield losses worldwide including Ethiopia. Development of varieties with double resistance is an effective approach of managing both diseases. However, the genetic background of the barley parents was not studied for future resistance breeding. Thus, the objective of the study was to assess genotype performances against scald and net blotch, investigate gene effects involved in controlling the diseases for future breeding and suggest better breeding system. Therefore, twenty eight barley genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Holetta in 2015. Combining ability analysis showed general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant (P0.01) for initial disease severity, final percent severity and Area under disease pressure curve (AUDPC) for both scald and net blotch except for SCA in initial and AUDPC of net blotch. This revealed the importance of additive and non-additive gene actions in controlling resistance for both diseases. HB1307 and HB42 parents were general combiner for scald and net blotch resistance. The result suggests the possibility of developing diverse populations from superior GCA parents to scald and net blotch through diallel intermating of selected segregants followed by selection at late generations. And final disease rating can be useful for evaluating a large number of barley genotypes to both diseases.

Vermicompost and Blended NPS Fertilizers Effect on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Yield

Asian Journal of Applied Sciences

Exploring the Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Gain in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) Genotypes

International Journal of Agricultural Research

Yield performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) under integrated use of blended NPS fertilizer and vermicompost in Horroguduru area, Western Ethiopia

Research Square (Research Square), May 31, 2022

Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained wit... more Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained with low soil fertility. This study was conducted at Gitilo site, western Ethiopia during 2019 year with the aim to analyze the impact of vermicompost and blended NPS fertilizer rates on potato yield associated traits. The treatments consisted of four rates of NPS fertilizers (0, 150, 200, and 250 kg NPS ha − 1) and four rates of vermicompost (0, 4, 6, and 8 tha − 1) in 4x4 factorial which becomes laid out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The result revealed signi cant in uence of NPS fertilizers and vermicompost on all parameters measured indicating a high response of potato to the treatments. The application of blended NPS fertilizer integrated with vermicompost resulted superior to the application of either NPS fertilizer or vermicompost alone. The combined application of 8tha − 1 vermicompost with 250 kg ha − 1 blended NPS fertilizer resulted in maximum value for most of the yield parameters including marketable tuber yield (27.4 tha − 1) and total tuber yield (27.9 tha − 1).. The result suggests the application of 250 kg ha − 1 blended NPS with 8 t ha − 1 vermicompost is pro table with a net bene ts of about 2761USD with a 315.9% marginal rate of return. Since at increasing levels of treatment resulted an increasing yield trend, further study is required to identify the optimum rate of recommendation of both fertilizers.

Growth and Yield Response of Bread Wheat Variety Grown Under Varying Seed Rate and Weeding Time

Influence of blended NPSB fertilizer on nodulation and yield performance of Rhizobium inoculated common bean varieties in acidic soil, western Ethiopia

All Life

The decline of soil fertility and limited adaptive cultivars are some of the factors that affect ... more The decline of soil fertility and limited adaptive cultivars are some of the factors that affect crop production. This study aimed to examine the response of Rhizobium inoculated common bean varieties to NPSB fertilizer application for nodulation, yield, and yield related traits. Three varieties of common bean (Local, Loko, and Nasir) were combined with four rates of blended NPSB (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha−1) fertilizers in randomized complete block design with three replications arranged factorially. The result revealed significantly highest number of total nodules (53.7), effective nodules per plant (35.54), number of pods per plant (7.4), plant stand count (87%), biomass (17.5 t ha1), seed yield (2996 kg ha1), and harvest index (16.67%) were recorded at the rate of 100 kg ha−1 NPSB which was 183%, 60%, 100%, 19%, 56%, 112%, and 33.3% increment over the control, respectively. Nodules fresh weight and nodules dry weight per plant showed 188% and 344.8% improvement over control, respectively. Nassir variety was higher in nodulation and yield, while Loko variety had long rooting which has implication on nitrogen fixation and plant nutrition. Thus, the result suggests that highest seed yield was achieved from variety Nasir (2996 kg ha−1) with 100 kg ha−1 blended NPSB combination producing net benefit ha−1 of 79,245.78 ETB (Ethiopian Birr).

Yield performance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) under integrated use of blended NPS fertilizer and vermicompost in Horroguduru area, Western Ethiopia

Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained wit... more Potato is a high-yielding potential crop grown for its high nutritional value but constrained with low soil fertility. This study was conducted at Gitilo site, western Ethiopia during 2019 year with the aim to analyze the impact of vermicompost and blended NPS fertilizer rates on potato yield associated traits. The treatments consisted of four rates of NPS fertilizers (0, 150, 200, and 250 kg NPS ha− 1) and four rates of vermicompost (0, 4, 6, and 8 tha− 1) in 4x4 factorial which becomes laid out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The result revealed significant influence of NPS fertilizers and vermicompost on all parameters measured indicating a high response of potato to the treatments. The application of blended NPS fertilizer integrated with vermicompost resulted superior to the application of either NPS fertilizer or vermicompost alone. The combined application of 8tha− 1 vermicompost with 250 kg ha− 1 blended NPS fertilizer resulted in maximum value for m...

Research Article Evaluation of ICARDA Barley genotypes for yield stability and lodging resistance in southeastern Ethiopia highlands

Growth and Yield Response of Bread Wheat Variety Grown Under Varying Seed Rate and Weeding Time Growth and Yield Response of Bread Wheat Variety Grown Under Varying Seed Rate and Weeding Time

Wheat is among the most important staple crop globally. However, constrained by appropriate agron... more Wheat is among the most important staple crop globally. However, constrained by appropriate agronomic practices. Therefore, the information on the interaction effect of seed rate and weeding period is useful to identify the effective time of weeding for high yield of wheat. Thus, the present study conducted at Amuru district of Horro Guduru Zone, Ethiopia in 2019 cropping season with the aim of identifying optimum seed rate and appropriate time of weeding to improve production and productivity of bread in the area. The experiment was laid down in randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. The treatment was arranged in factorial combinations of four weeding intervals (farmer practice, weeding at two weeks after emergence, three weeks after emergence and four weeks after emergence) and three levels of seed rate (125 kg, 150 kg and 175 kg).The result showed that days to 50% heading, days to maturity and effective tillers per plant were highly significantly (p<0....

Correlations and path Analysis of some quantitative characters in barley (Hordeum vulgareum L.) landraces in western Oromia, Ethiopia

African Journal of Plant Science, 2019

Barley is recognized as one of the oldest cereal crop in Ethiopia grown for various uses. The kno... more Barley is recognized as one of the oldest cereal crop in Ethiopia grown for various uses. The knowledge of the association between various yield components and yield is paramount important for effective selection in crop improvement. The present study was to determine the interrelationship and direct and indirect effects of yield component traits on grain yield of Ethiopian landraces barley for further breeding activities of yield improvement. One hundred barley landraces were laid out in 10 x 10 simple lattice design with two replications in 2017 main cropping season at Mata sub site of Haro-Sabu Agricultural Research Center (HSARC). The analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p≤ 0.01) to low significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference for all the characters. Sixteen parameters were evaluated to assess the inter relationship among yield and yield-related agronomic characters and their effect on grain yield. Grain yield showed positive and significant genotypic correlations with grain weight per spike (r g = 0.36), spike weight per plant (r g = 0.38), 1000-seed weight (r g = 0.66), biological yield (r g = 0.83), awn length (r g = 0.34) and plant height (r g = 0.23). The result revealed that biological yield, 1000-seed weight, productive tillers per plant and grain weight per spike were the most important yield components as they exerted positive direct effect on grain yield as well as positive genetic association with each other explaining the existence of significant correlation. This suggests that simultaneous improvement in these characters might be possible.

Sesame (Sesame indicum L.) Crop Production in Ethiopia: Trends, Challenges and Future Prospects Keywords: Sesame Production Trend Oil Content Challenges Opportunities *Corresponding Author

Article Information The Aim of this paper is to review the importance of sesame (Sesamum indicum ... more Article Information The Aim of this paper is to review the importance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) oil crop, production status in Ethiopia, constraints, potentials and future opportunities. Sesame is one of the most important high value oil crops in Ethiopia contributing high foreign currency. Sesame oil is useful edible oil and has wide applications. Different reports indicate that the sesame production is increasing from year to year which is mainly driven by high current market demand and suitability of environmental factors. For instance, the recent five years data indicated that the production is growing at the rate of about 54% in parallel with an increased area coverage of about 45% during the same years indicating a yield gain from extensive farming system. The production is concentrated in South western and north western parts of Ethiopian. The three commonly used sesame commercial varieties in these areas are known by their brand name as Humera, Gondar and Wollega types....

Generation Mean Analysis of Some Agronomic Traits in HB42xSabini Barley Cross

Generation Mean Analysis of Net Blotch and Scald Diseases on Barley

The information on the nature and magnitude of genes controlling the resistance to net blotch and... more The information on the nature and magnitude of genes controlling the resistance to net blotch and scald in barley is useful in resistance breeding. Thus, field experiment was conducted at Holetta, Ethiopia in 2015 on barley using six basic generations of (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2) which was derived from ‘HB42’x‘Sabini’ parental cross which were evaluated in RCB design with three replications to investigate the gene actions and interactions gene effects involved in controlling resistance to net blotch and scald diseases in barley. The result of scaling tests and generation mean analysis indicated the predominance of non-additive gene effects including epistasis gene effects than additive gene effects for all parameters and this was also confirmed by variance component analysis. Moreover, the digenic epistatic model failed to explain variation in generation means for all parameters may due to the presence of higher-order interaction and linkages. In general, the results suggest gr...

Current Status, Potentials and Opportunities of Avocado Production as an Alternative Crop: the Case of Ethiopia: A Review

Agricultural Reviews, 2021

The current diminishing farmland size and land productivity due to a population pressure, the dec... more The current diminishing farmland size and land productivity due to a population pressure, the decline in soil fertility and climate change is as major challenges in crop production making unsustainable necessitating some resilience mechanism. Crop diversification can be a useful strategy. Thus, avocado can be considered as an important alternative crop to the farmers in most areas in Ethiopia as there are high potential and suitability of the agro-ecologies, high domestic and export market potential. Avocado can provides multiple benefits to the farmers especially to improve farmers’ income, increase land productivity, sustainability and food security. Furthermore, it has complementary advantages for business and economic activities of growing towns in nearby areas. And avocado is a high yielder, the nitration value of avocado is recommendable for nutritional deficient people in developing countries including Ethiopia. However, currently, there is a large yield gap of avocado produc...

Effect of Blended Fertilizer and Levels of Phosphorus on Yield and Juice Quality of Sugarcane at Fincha Sugar Estate, Ethiopia

International Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2020

High yield production and juice quality is essential in commercial sugarcane (Saccharum officinar... more High yield production and juice quality is essential in commercial sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production. And this is possible is partly influenced by fertilizers. However, especially the effect of phosphorus and blended fertilizers was not known at study area. Field experiment was conducted at Fincha Sugar Estate, Ethiopia in 2018-2019 aiming to determine the effect of blended fertilizers and levels of phosphorus on yield and juice quality of sugarcane. The treatments were arranged in factorial combinations of three blended fertilizers (NPS, NPSB, and NPSBZn) and five phosphorus levels (0, 57, 76, 114, and 152 kg ha-1) and the experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Data on sugarcane yield and juice quality parameters (Brix%, pol%, purity) and sugar yield were collected and analyzed. The result revealed that the main effect and interaction effects of blended fertilizers at different levels of phosphorus were highly significantly (p<0.001) for all parameters studied except for cane yield and Brix%. Accordingly, maximum cane yield was recorded in blended fertilizer NPSBZn at levels of phosphorus 152 and 114 kg ha-1 producing 242.5 and 233 t ha-1 , respectively. Thus, cane yield ranged from 106.04 to 242.5 t ha-1 depending on blended fertilizers and levels of phosphorus. The juice quality Brix%, pol%, purity and sugar yields of NPSBZn at a level of 114 kg ha-1 phosphorus was superior. Therefore, the finding show the application of blended fertilizer NPSBZn with a level of 114 kg ha-1 phosphorus was resulted in high cane yield and juice quality of sugarcane.

Heterosis in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) for Yield and Yield Component Traits

Advances in Research, 2020

Estimates of heterosis for F1 hybrids over mid and better parent were computed for traits that sh... more Estimates of heterosis for F1 hybrids over mid and better parent were computed for traits that showed significant differences between genotypes on analysis of variance. Heterosis for yield components and yield was studied using 8x8 half diallel cross in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The heterosis for yield was generally accompanied by heterosis for yield components. Heterosis for marketable fruit yield per plant ranged from (-63.4%) (P3xP8) to (33.8%) (P6xP8) and (-62.5%) (P3xP8) to (52.6%) (P5xP7), for mid parent and better parent respectively. Significant heterosis over better and mid-parent was observed for all the traits. Best parent and Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) was highest and in desirable direction for number of marketable fruit per plant (29.3%; 29.2%) in crosses ( P3xP6 for both ) and pericarp thickness (46.3%; 57.6%) in crosses (P2xP6 and P4xP8), number of fruit cluster per plant (32.8%; 35.9%) in cross (P3xP6 for both), individual fruit weight (36.1%; 41.2%) in ...