Luciana Coelho

World Maritime University, Global Ocean Institute, Research Assistant

University College London, UCL Department of Geography, Alumna

Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Faculty of Law, Alumna

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PhD Student at the World Maritime University
Researching on #lawscienceinterface #marinescientificresearch #SIDS #BBNJ #OceanDecade
Supervisors: Ronan Long

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Baker Matovu

Jodie Keane

Overseas development institute

isabel noronha

Emmanuella Doussis

National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

Ronan LONG

Tilemachos Bourtzis

Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences

Perry Polar

Arif Havas Oegroseno

Nong Hong

University of Alberta

David Ong

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Papers by Luciana Coelho

The Practice of the Caribbean SIDS on the Consent Regime for Marine Scientific Research under UNCLOS: contributions, gaps, and recommendations

SSRN, 2023

This paper examines the practice of the Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) with resp... more This paper examines the practice of the Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS) with respect to the consent regime for Marine Scientific Research (MSR), identifying trends, contributions to the development of international law, and implementation gaps. The paper is based on the premise that the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) aims to promote equitable and sustainable use of ocean resources, as well as to foster the study, protection, and preservation of the marine environment. Subsequent treaty practice informs the current understanding of the treaty by its Member States in achieving its objective and purpose. The paper concludes that the framework governing MSR is functional and proposes recommendations for future-proofing the consent regime and advance the scientific and technological capacity of Caribbean SIDS. These findings are significant for the Sustainable Development Goal 14, the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, and for implementing the agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction.

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Marine Scientific Research and Small Island Developing States in the Twenty-First Century: Appraising the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law

Fitness for purpose of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) in the twe... more Fitness for purpose of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) in the twenty-first century has been at the core of legal and political discussions. Such an inquiry is pertinent for small island developing States (SIDS), which have experienced first-hand the consequences of anthropogenic disturbances on the ocean. This study examines whether the provisions governing marine scientific research (MSR) in the LOSC provide mechanisms to strengthen SIDS scientific and technological capacities. It is suggested that the framework governing MSR seeks to promote fair and equitable benefit sharing and has rules enabling the time element therein. Accordingly, the consent regimes for MSR, rules on international cooperation, and the framework for the transfer of marine technology could serve the end of enhancing SIDS capacities. This interpretation shifts the avenues of inquiry from a descriptive to an empirical perspective.

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Comments on the Draft text of an agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (A/CONF.232/2019/6)

by Luciana Coelho, Ana Flávia Barros-Platiau, and Júlia Schütz Veiga

Conservation of living resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction : BBNJ and Antarctica, 2020

Em reunião presencial na Secretaria da Comissão Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar (SECIRM)... more Em reunião presencial na Secretaria da Comissão Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar (SECIRM) no final de 2019, o Comandante Carlos Leite fez um convite para que alguns juristas e internacionalistas participassem de uma reunião sobre os principais aspectos da negociação sobre o tratado BBNJ em conjunto com integrantes de diversos Ministérios integrantes da Comissão Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar (CIRM). Durante a reunião, foi sugerido que o grupo redigisse um documento formal com contribuições acadêmicas para o auxílio na construção do posicionamento do Brasil durante as negociações da Conferência Intergovernamental para o desenvolvimento do Novo Acordo de Implementação vinculante à Convenção das Nações Unidas sobre o Direito do Mar, conhecido como Tratado BBNJ. Diante do honroso convite, esse pequeno grupo se expandiu por meio de contatos que foram estabelecidos por nós, Carina e Júlia. Esse grupo de suporte acadêmico para o BBNJ é composto hoje por professores e pesquisadores de diversas universidades do país, formando uma rede nacional. Os integrantes são docentes e alunos das mais expressivas instituições públicas e privadas do Brasil, demonstrando a magnitude do tema e o crescente interesse deste nas faculdades de norte a sul. Todos interagiram para elaborar um documento que tecesse considerações sobre a linguagem e o conteúdo do futuro instrumento legal. Os comentários expressam o posicionamento relevante e sério desses integrantes da academia jurídica que não mediram esforços para contribuir, de modo significativo, em um curto período, a tecer comentários ao documento.

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Ocean Science Diplomacy can Be a Game Changer to Promote the Access to Marine Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean

Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 2021

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WHO OBSERVES THE ONBOARD OBSERVERS WORKING IN THE WATERS ADJACENT TO THE PACIFIC SMALL ISLANDS DEVELOPING STATES? THE FLAG STATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR VIOLATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AT SEA

Onboard observers play an important role within the Law of the Sea regime by ensuring compliance ... more Onboard observers play an important role within the Law of the Sea regime by ensuring compliance to fisheries regulations and providing scientific data. However, the situation of onboard at-sea observers can be dire, with people being subject to disappearances, killings and inhumane work conditions. The legal framework on safety for onboard observers is in its infancy, while the application of international human rights standards to these workers is underdeveloped. Taking into account this situation, this article attempts to fill in a gap in the literature, by analysing the protection of life and wellbeing of at-sea observers working in the waters adjacent to Pacific Small Islands Development States through the lens of the existing Law of the Sea framework for State responsibility in order to ensure human rights to these workers.

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Ocean Science Diplomacy can Be a Game Changer to Promote the Access to Marine Technology in Latin America and the Caribbean

Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 2021

Ocean science is central in providing evidence for the implementation of the United Nations Law o... more Ocean science is central in providing evidence for the implementation of the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention. The Convention's provisions on transfer of marine technology to developing countries aim at strengthening scientific capabilities to promote equitable opportunities for these countries to exercise rights and obligations in managing the marine environment. Decades after the adoption of the Convention, these provisions are under implemented, despite the efforts of international organizations, such as IOC-UNESCO. Latin America and the Caribbean struggle to conduct marine scientific research and seize the opportunities of blue economy due to the limited access to state-of-the-art technology. Ocean science communities in these countries are subject to constraints not foreseeing in international treaties, such as unstable exchange rates, taxation, fees for transportation, costs of maintenance and calibration of technology, challenges to comply with technical standards, and intellectual property rights. Action is needed to overcome these challenges by promoting a closer tie between science and diplomacy. We discuss that this interplay between science and international relations, as we frame science diplomacy, can inform on how to progress in allowing countries in this region to develop relevant research and implement the Convention. We provide concrete examples of this transfer of marine technology and ways forward, in particular in the context of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030).

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Reflexões provenientes do dissenso: uma análise crítica do caso Austrália vs. Japão perante a Corte Internacional de Justiça

Revista de Direito Internacional, 2015

A Corte Internacional de Justiça apreciou pedido australiano contra o Ja- pão por este ter supo... more A Corte Internacional de Justiça apreciou pedido australiano contra o Ja- pão por este ter supostamente concedido licença especial ao Projeto JARPA II sem que este tivesse fins científicos, conforme pressupõe o artigo VIII da Convenção Internacional sobre Regulação de Pesca às Baleias. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar criticamente a sentença do caso. Para tal, primeira- mente, serão apresentadas algumas informações relevantes que contextualizam essa controvérsia. Em seguida, problematizar-se-á o mérito da sentença, enfocando dois aspectos: a metodologia do critério de exame (standard of review) e a ausência de pronunciamento da Corte sobre o conceito de pesquisa científica marinha. Para tal, emprega-se o método dialético de contraposição entre os argumentos contidos na sentença e os formulados nas opiniões divergentes. A originalidade do artigo está no fato de analisar, criticamente, um caso recente, em que o Tribunal se encontra diante de uma controvérsia que envolve questões de mérito científico. Para tal, utilizou, de forma inédita, metodologia de análise, já empregada pela OMC em casos semelhantes, o standard of the review. Ao final, observa-se que essa ferramenta metodológica gerou argumentos confusos, incoerentes e questionáveis, consequentemente, ao contrário de o julgamento gerar maior proteção à biodiversidade marinha, possibilitará que o Japão continue a realizar a atividade de pesca baleeira. Caso o Tribunal tivesse adotado postura sistêmica, utilizando-se das construções interpretativas realizadas por outros tribunais ou convenções internacionais a respeito da pesquisa científica marinha, a decisão poderia produzir maior estabilidade jurídica e proteção à biodiversidade.

Os limites do planejamento da ocupação sustentável da zona costeira brasileira

Revista de Direito Internacional, 2015