Baraan nga Imperyo Romano

Holy Roman Empire
Sacrum Romanum Imperium
←   ← 962–1806 ↓
Imperial Banner Quaternion Eagle
Anthem (none official) "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser" (Imperial anthem, 1797) "God Save Emperor Francis"
Location of Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire around 1600, superimposed over current state borders
Capital		no official capital; imperial seat cities varied throughout history e.g. Vienna (Continuous Imperial Residenz City, 1483–1806) Regensburg (Eternal Diet, 1663–1806) Prague (1346–1437, 1583–1611)
Languages		German, Latin, Italian, Czech, Polish, Dutch, French, Frisian, Slovene, Sorbian and others
Religion		Roman Catholicism; Lutheranism (officially recognized since the Peace of Augsburg 1555) and Calvinism (officially recognized since the Peace of Westphalia 1648)
Government		Elective monarchy
Emperor
-	962–973	Otto I (first)
-	1792–1806	Francis II (last)
Legislature		Imperial Diet
Historical era		Middle Ages Early modern period
-	Otto I is crowned Emperor of the Romans	2 February 962
-	Conrad II assumes     crown of Burgundy	2 February 1033
-	Peace of Augsburg	25 September 1555
-	Peace of Westphalia	24 October 1648
-	Battle of Austerlitz	2 December 1805
-	Francis II abdicated	6 August 1806
Population
-	1200 est.	5,000,000
-	1500 est.	16,000,000
-	1618 est.	21,000,000
-	1648 est.	16,000,000
-	1786 est.	26,265,000
Preceded by Succeeded by Middle Francia East Francia Confederation of the Rhine Austrian Empire Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Saxony Duchy of Holstein Duchy of Oldenburg Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg Principality of Reuss-Greiz Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Swedish Pomerania Electorate of Hesse Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda Principality of Waldeck Duchy of Saxe-Weimar Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Today part of		Austria Belgium Croatia Czech Republic France Germany Italy Liechtenstein Luxembourg Monaco Netherlands Poland Slovenia Switzerland

An Baraan nga Imperyo Romano amo an nagkaurusa nga teritoryo ha butnga Europa ha butnga nga panahon ngan Uruunhan nga kabag-ohan nga panahon ha ilarom han baraan nga imperador romano.

Dugang nga barasahon

• Arnold, Benjamin, Princes and Territories in Medieval Germany. (Cambridge University Press, 1991)
• Bryce, James, The Holy Roman Empire. 1899 edition.
• Coy, Jason Phillip et al. The Holy Roman Empire, Reconsidered, (Berghahn Books, 2010).
• Evans, R. J. W., Michael Schaich and Peter H. Wilson, eds. The Holy Roman Empire 1495–1806 (2011) articles by scholars
• Donaldson, George. Germany: A Complete History (Gotham Books, New York, 1985).
• Heer, Friedrich. Holy Roman Empire (2002).
• Hoyt, Robert S. and Chodorow, Stanley, Europe in the Middle Ages (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1976).
• Scribner, Bob. Germany: A New Social and Economic History, Vol. 1: 1450–1630 (1995).
• Whaley, Joachim. Germany and the Holy Roman Empire, Volumes 1 and 2, (Oxford UP, 2012).
• Wilson, Peter H. The Holy Roman Empire 1495–1806 (2011) excerpt and text search.
• Zophy, Jonathan W. ed., The Holy Roman Empire: A Dictionary Handbook. Greenwood Press, 1980.

Inaleman

• Heinz Angermeier, Das Alte Reich in der deutschen Geschichte. Studien über Kontinuitäten und Zäsuren, München 1991
• Karl Otmar Freiherr von Aretin, Das Alte Reich 1648–1806. 4 vols. Stuttgart, 1993–2000
• Peter Claus Hartmann, Kulturgeschichte des Heiligen Römischen Reiches 1648 bis 1806. Wien, 2001
• Georg Schmidt, Geschichte des Alten Reiches. München, 1999
• Deutsche Reichstagsakten Ginhipos 2013-04-08 han Wayback Machine

Mga sumpay ha gawas

• The constitutional structure of the Reich
• Das Heilige Reich (German Museum of History, Berlin)
• List of Wars of the Holy Roman Empire
• Deutschland beim Tode Kaiser Karls IV. 1378 (Germany at the death of emperor Charles IV.) taken from "Meyers Kleines Konversationslexikon in sechs Bänden. Bd. 2. Leipzig u. Wien : Bibliogr. Institut 1908", map inserted after page 342 Ginhipos 2018-10-04 han Wayback Machine
• Books and articles on the Reich Ginhipos 2009-01-04 han Wayback Machine
• The Holy Roman Empire
• Comparison of the Holy Roman Empire and the European Union in 2012 by The Economist

Mga mapa

• The Holy Roman Empire, 1138–1254
• The Holy Roman Empire c. 1500
• The Holy Roman Empire in 1648
• The Holy Roman Empire in 1789 (interactive map)