Papers by Genevieve Andoseh
International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most outstanding diseases in global health concern. It is ca... more Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most outstanding diseases in global health concern. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) strains. ST 61, a cluster of the LAM10_CAM family has been shown to be the most prevalent cluster implicated in TB transmission in Cameroon. The present study is aimed at revealing the most discriminative loci applied to this cluster and investigating the genetic pattern in the ST 61 cluster clinical samples. This was a 12 month cross- sectional study that included 45 randomly selected clinical specimens previously collected during the CANTAM 1 project. Following DNA extraction, amplification of 12-locus Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit-Variable Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis (MIRU 40, ETR A, QUB 26, Mtub 39, QUB 4156, MIRU26, MIRU 31, MIRU 16, MIRU 02, MIRU 04, MIRU 23, and MIRU 27) PCR assay and gel electrophoresis were performed. The amplicon sizes, the allele assignations, the allelic pattern and the technic discriminati...
African Journal of Biotechnology
Hepatotoxicity is reported frequently as an adverse reaction during tuberculosis (TB) and HIV tre... more Hepatotoxicity is reported frequently as an adverse reaction during tuberculosis (TB) and HIV treatment. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis druginduced liver enzymes activities variation in TB and TB-HIV co-infected patients at Jamot Hospital in Yaoundé-Cameroon. From April 2018 to May 2019, 336 treatment-naïve TB patients were enrolled. Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP) and total bilirubin were evaluated at baseline and 12 weeks after treatment initiation. Blood was spotted on filter paper for DNA extraction by the chelex method. Standard nested PCR followed by restriction enzyme analysis with KpnI, TaqI, and BamHI to detect NAT2 polymorphisms was performed. TB-HIV co-infection prevalence was 29.46%. There was a significant rise of transaminases (p < 0.05) at baseline in TB-HIV co-infected patients. At 12 weeks, there was a substantial rise of transaminases in TB patients, and total bilirubin in TB-HIV co-infected patients (p < 0.05). The prevalence of slow and fast acetylators was 85.71 and 14.29%, respectively. NAT2*5/5 and NAT2*5/6 genotypes were most represented. Slow acetylating NAT2 phenotype was significantly associated with drug hepatotoxicity (p < 0.05). The prevalence of TB-HIV co-infections remains high, and the rise in transaminases is linked to the slow acetylating NAT2 phenotype.
Acta Scientific Microbiology, 2021
The quality of sputum specimen remains crucial in the accurate diagnosis of TB. Good quality sput... more The quality of sputum specimen remains crucial in the accurate diagnosis of TB. Good quality sputum makes for a high diagnostic yield while poor quality sputum yields false negative results and delays diagnosis. We aimed to determine the effect of sputum quality on smear microscopy results in a referral hospital in the Republic of Congo. The Sputum specimens were collected from suspected pulmonary TB patients and macroscopically observed using set quality parameters and then processed using standard Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining for Acid fast bacilli (AFB). A total of 117 TB suspected patients submitted 229 sputum samples that was processed. Out of the 229 samples, 24.02% were of good quality (mucopurulent), 1.31% of average quality (blood tinged) and 72.49% of poor quality (saliva). There were 61 samples (26.64%) that tested positive for AFB while 168 (73.36%) were negative. The positive samples were mainly mucopurulent 88.52% (54/61), while the negative samples were mainly salivary 97,62% (164/168). Thus, 37 (31,62%) patients were diagnosed AFB smear positive (AFB+) and 80 (68.38%) AFB smear negative (AFB-). Smear negative TB was associated with poor quality sputum (saliva). The results of this study show that the quality of the sputum influences significantly the performance of microscopy for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and reveals the fact that inadequate sputum quality compromises the national efforts to control TB. In our study we had a good performance of the macroscopic assessment that identified smear-positive respiratory specimens associated with mucopurulent sputum and smear-negative respiratory specimens associated with saliva. It will be of major importance for health authorities to develop measures that encourage proper and good quality sputum collection for early and accurate pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis thereby reducing disease transmission within the population.
European journal of immunology, Mar 2, 2017
In 2015 there were an estimated 10.4 million new cases of Tuberculosis (TB) globally, making it o... more In 2015 there were an estimated 10.4 million new cases of Tuberculosis (TB) globally, making it one of the leading causes of death due to an infectious disease. TB is caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), with human disease resulting from infection by M. tuberculosis sensu strico and M. africanum. Recent progress in genotyping techniques, in particular the increasing availability of whole genome sequence data, has revealed previously under appreciated levels of genetic diversity within the MTBC. Several studies have shown that this genetic diversity may translate into differences in TB transmission, clinical manifestations of disease, and host immune responses. This suggests the existence of MTBC genotype-dependent host-pathogen interactions which may influence the outcome of infection and progression of disease. In this review, we highlight the studies demonstrating differences in innate and adaptive immunological outcomes consequent on MTBC genetic di...
European Journal of Immunology, Feb 24, 2017
In 2015, there were an estimated 10.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) globally, making it ... more In 2015, there were an estimated 10.4 million new cases of tuberculosis (TB) globally, making it one of the leading causes of death due to an infectious disease. TB is caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), with human disease resulting from infection by M. tuberculosis sensu stricto and M. africanum. Recent progress in genotyping techniques, in particular the increasing availability of whole genome sequence data, has revealed previously under appreciated levels of genetic diversity within the MTBC. Several studies have shown that this genetic diversity may translate into differences in TB transmission, clinical manifestations of disease, and host immune responses. This suggests the existence of MTBC genotype-dependent host-pathogen interactions which may influence the outcome of infection and progression of disease. In this review, we highlight the studies demonstrating differences in innate and adaptive immunological outcomes consequent on MTBC genetic diversity, and discuss how these differences in immune response might influence the development of TB vaccines, diagnostics and new therapies.
Uploads
Papers by Genevieve Andoseh