International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2002
Negative impacts of noise exposure on health and performance may result in part from "learned hel... more Negative impacts of noise exposure on health and performance may result in part from "learned helplessness," the syndrome of deficits typically produced by exposure to uncontrollable events. People may perceive environmental noise to be uncontrollable, and several effects of noise exposure appear to parallel "learned helplessness" deficits. In the present socioacoustic survey (N = 1,015), perceived control over aircraft noise correlated negatively with some effects of noise (though not others). Furthermore, these effects were better predicted by perceived control than by noise level. These observational data support the claim that "learned helplessness" contributes to the effects of noise exposure.
This study investigates whether there are gender differences in various objective and subjective ... more This study investigates whether there are gender differences in various objective and subjective measures of performance among small and micro businesses in a regional area of Australia. The information for this investigation was collected using a postal survey with 479 usable responses. The study also tested for possible gender differences in owner/managers' perceptions of business success factors (that is, subjective measures of performance). In addition, the study examined perceived importance of the various success factors. The results indicated that female owner/managers attach more importance to economic success than their male counterparts. However, the gender relationships for perceived importance and rated performance across other success factors were more complex in that interactions were found with business location (home-based versus external-based). The implications for future research are discussed.
Research on multimedia and related instructional technologies over many years has been characteri... more Research on multimedia and related instructional technologies over many years has been characterized by inconsistent findings about their effects on learning. This is because of the myriad of contingent factors that have been shown to moderate multimedia effects. This article offers a model that is designed to integrate the main elements identified in the literature and also to describe their key inter-relationships. There are 12 elements in the model, each representing a theoretical construct, which can be operationalized as a variable. Learner style constitutes the independent variable, with learning as the dependent variable. The other elements are visual input, auditory input, learner control, attention, working memory, motivation, cognitive engagement, intelligence, reflection, and long-term storage, each of which is either an intervening or moderating variable or in some cases both. The elements in the model have causal or associative links with other elements. The proposed model is seen as useful in highlighting the complex nature of multimedia effects on learning and in fostering instructional design which addresses this complexity.
International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 2002
Negative impacts of noise exposure on health and performance may result in part from "learned hel... more Negative impacts of noise exposure on health and performance may result in part from "learned helplessness," the syndrome of deficits typically produced by exposure to uncontrollable events. People may perceive environmental noise to be uncontrollable, and several effects of noise exposure appear to parallel "learned helplessness" deficits. In the present socioacoustic survey (N = 1,015), perceived control over aircraft noise correlated negatively with some effects of noise (though not others). Furthermore, these effects were better predicted by perceived control than by noise level. These observational data support the claim that "learned helplessness" contributes to the effects of noise exposure.
This study investigates whether there are gender differences in various objective and subjective ... more This study investigates whether there are gender differences in various objective and subjective measures of performance among small and micro businesses in a regional area of Australia. The information for this investigation was collected using a postal survey with 479 usable responses. The study also tested for possible gender differences in owner/managers' perceptions of business success factors (that is, subjective measures of performance). In addition, the study examined perceived importance of the various success factors. The results indicated that female owner/managers attach more importance to economic success than their male counterparts. However, the gender relationships for perceived importance and rated performance across other success factors were more complex in that interactions were found with business location (home-based versus external-based). The implications for future research are discussed.
Research on multimedia and related instructional technologies over many years has been characteri... more Research on multimedia and related instructional technologies over many years has been characterized by inconsistent findings about their effects on learning. This is because of the myriad of contingent factors that have been shown to moderate multimedia effects. This article offers a model that is designed to integrate the main elements identified in the literature and also to describe their key inter-relationships. There are 12 elements in the model, each representing a theoretical construct, which can be operationalized as a variable. Learner style constitutes the independent variable, with learning as the dependent variable. The other elements are visual input, auditory input, learner control, attention, working memory, motivation, cognitive engagement, intelligence, reflection, and long-term storage, each of which is either an intervening or moderating variable or in some cases both. The elements in the model have causal or associative links with other elements. The proposed model is seen as useful in highlighting the complex nature of multimedia effects on learning and in fostering instructional design which addresses this complexity.
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Papers by Andrew Hede