Papers by William H Krieger
This paper aims to develop a comparative analysis of the place of emotion from Indian and Western... more This paper aims to develop a comparative analysis of the place of emotion from Indian and Western philosophical perspectives. Both Eastern and Indian philosophy consider three mental states as being involved with the arousal of emotions, i.e., cognitive (epistemic), conative (desire), and affective. In Indian philosophy, there is no such single term or specific equivalent definition to the Western term 'emotion.' Further, there is no clear dichotomy (cognitive & non-cognitive) between reason and emotion in Indian culture. In Indian scriptures, there are various, at times intermingled conceptions of emotion. From a religious standpoint, emotion can be an expression of religious devotion (bhakti), and often emotions are viewed as barriers to having true knowledge and are considered a cause of attachment and an obstacle to liberation. After comparing a large amount of discussion on emotion following Western and Indian conceptions, and analyzing some real-life experiences where emotion plays various roles (intellectual, personal, and spiritual) within each philosophical tradition this paper concludes that it is critical to engage in a comparative, collaborative study of emotion.
Comparative Philosophy, 2024
This paper aims to develop a comparative analysis of the place of emotion
from Indian and Western... more This paper aims to develop a comparative analysis of the place of emotion
from Indian and Western philosophical perspectives. Both Eastern and Indian philosophy consider three mental states as being involved with the arousal of emotions, i.e., cognitive (epistemic), conative (desire), and affective. In Indian philosophy, there is no such single term or specific equivalent definition to the Western term ‘emotion.’ Further, there is no clear dichotomy (cognitive & non-cognitive) between reason and emotion in Indian culture. In Indian scriptures, there are various, at times intermingled conceptions of emotion. From a religious standpoint, emotion can be an expression of religious devotion (bhakti), and often emotions are viewed as barriers to having true knowledge and are considered a cause of attachment and an obstacle to liberation. After comparing a large amount of discussion on emotion following Western and Indian conceptions, and analyzing some real-life experiences where emotion plays various roles (intellectual, personal, and spiritual) within each philosophical tradition this paper concludes that it is critical to engage in a comparative, collaborative study of emotion.
To Explore the Land of Canaan, 2021
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research
Religious Studies Review, 2006
Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary: Completely Revised, Updated and Expanded Edited by Chad Br... more Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary: Completely Revised, Updated and Expanded Edited by Chad Brand, Charles Draper, and Archie England. William H. Krieger 1 1 California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. Copyright 2006 Council on the Study of Religion, Inc. ...
Oxford Bibliographies Online Datasets, 2021
Processual archaeology (also known as new or scientific archaeology) is a theoretical movement ro... more Processual archaeology (also known as new or scientific archaeology) is a theoretical movement rooted in the 1960s–1970s (although some argue both for an earlier start and for its continued dominance). Processual archaeology represented a radical break from the then-dominant culture, the historical and antiquarian approaches to archaeology. Although the goals and methods of processual archaeology would evolve over time, its central tenets included the following: (1) Archaeology as a science: Archaeology was traditionally seen as a branch of history, focused on explication of the past, gathering data to set chronologies and to collect site-specific assemblages. The new archaeologists argued that archaeology should focus on explanation (as defined by logical positivism; see Philosophical Groundwork) as opposed to explication. Scientific explanations would demand that archaeologists focus on dynamic systems—an approach called “systems theory”—with the goal of understanding the complex ...
Journal of Maritime Archaeology, 2012
Multiple groups have interests that intersect within the field of deep submergence (beyond the 50... more Multiple groups have interests that intersect within the field of deep submergence (beyond the 50 m range of SCUBA) archaeology. These groups' differing priorities present challenges for interdisciplinary collaboration, particularly as there are no established guidelines for best practices in such scenarios. Associating the term 'archaeology' with projects directed at underwater cultural heritage that are not guided by archaeologists poses a real risk to that heritage. Recognizing that the relevant professional organizations, local laws, and conventions currently have little ability to protect pieces of cultural heritage across disciplines and international boundaries, the authors propose institution-specific mechanisms, called Archaeology Review Boards, guided by local and international laws and conventions concerning cultural heritage, as the best means to provide oversight for academically centered archaeological activities at the local level.
Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 2014
Smart Homecare Technology and TeleHealth, 2021
Phone or tablet-based healthcare applications, or "medical apps," play an important role in an ev... more Phone or tablet-based healthcare applications, or "medical apps," play an important role in an evolving healthcare system. The effect of medical apps on consumers has been welldocumented; however, little attention has been paid to the impacts that apps have had on medical professionals, people whose best interests like in ensuring that medical apps positively impact patient outcomes. After a brief introduction, introducing the spectrum of problems surrounding medical apps, this paper will move its focus to issues of concern for medical practitioners who prescribe or use medical apps as a part of their approach to medical care. Given the current lack of regulatory oversight of medical apps and noting the potential for improper use of these mHealth technologies, the authors will argue that as qualified, well suited, and interested parties, medical professionals should help to shape this new regulatory and ethical landscape. Additionally, before concluding, the authors will provide concrete examples of ways that medical professionals have put these ideas into practice.
Phone or tablet-based healthcare applications, or "medical apps," play an important role in an ev... more Phone or tablet-based healthcare applications, or "medical apps," play an important role in an evolving healthcare system. The effect of medical apps on consumers has been welldocumented; however, little attention has been paid to the impacts that apps have had on medical professionals, people whose best interests like in ensuring that medical apps positively impact patient outcomes. After a brief introduction, introducing the spectrum of problems surrounding medical apps, this paper will move its focus to issues of concern for medical practitioners who prescribe or use medical apps as a part of their approach to medical care. Given the current lack of regulatory oversight of medical apps and noting the potential for improper use of these mHealth technologies, the authors will argue that as qualified, well suited, and interested parties, medical professionals should help to shape this new regulatory and ethical landscape. Additionally, before concluding, the authors will provide concrete examples of ways that medical professionals have put these ideas into practice.
People have a love/hate relationship with rapidly changing healthcare technology. While consumer ... more People have a love/hate relationship with rapidly changing healthcare technology. While consumer demand for medical apps continues to grow as rapidly as does supply (there are over 100,000 health, wellness and medical applications, or ‘apps’ on the market), healthcare professionals and safety experts worry about the impact of these apps on the health consumer. In response to the rapidly growing mobile healthcare sector, the Food and Drug Administration has put forth guidelines to regulate ‘mobile medical apps’ (MMAs), those health-related apps that are (self) designated as medical devices. In this article, I argue that this decision, to only regulate apps that bill themselves as medical devices, will create a market for ‘off-label’ app use. Further, I will talk about the oft used analogy between off-label apps and off-label pharmaceuticals, showing that off-labeling apps will provide patients none of the benefits that come with a physician prescribing a drug off-label, while exposing the mobile healthcare consumer to significant risks that go significantly beyond those that we know of (and must accept) from prescription drugs. Recognizing that the Food and Drug Administration is not going to be able to significantly change its policies on oversight, I will suggest specific actions to at least mitigate some of the risks associated with off-label app use.
ABSTRACT Typescript (photocopy). Thesis (Ph. D.)--Claremont Graduate University, 2003. Includes b... more ABSTRACT Typescript (photocopy). Thesis (Ph. D.)--Claremont Graduate University, 2003. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-181).
excavting Roman -Byzantine village and Forty-two burial complexes / caves
Ethical Theory and Moral Practice
In the 19th century, ‘scientific archaeologists’ split from their antiquarian colleagues over the... more In the 19th century, ‘scientific archaeologists’ split from their antiquarian colleagues over the role that provenience (context) plays in the value of an artifact. These archaeologists focus on documenting an artifact’s context when they remove it from its original location. Archaeologists then use this contextual information to place these artifacts within a particular larger assemblage, in a particular time and space. Once analyzed, the artifacts found in a site or region can be used to document, to understand, and explain the past. Given the central place of context for archaeological excavation, archaeologists have done everything in their power to combat the black market. Hoping to stem the tide, archaeologists have leveled attacks on those who excavate these materials, those who traffic in them, and those who purchase them. Unfortunately, despite decades of argument and legal wrangling, archaeologists have been unable to stop the black market. The purpose of this paper is to analyze this failure from the supply side (what archaeologists call looting) and to suggest better ways to engage other stakeholders to the benefit of most, if not all.
Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 2013
Medical apps have featured in popular websites and mainstream news media in recent months. Howeve... more Medical apps have featured in popular websites and mainstream news media in recent months. However, there has been almost no mention of these tools in journals focusing on relevant ethical or social issues, including conflict of interest, the role of politics in science, and technological oversight.This essay examines the role that these philosophical issues might play in answering both public and academic questions about these pieces of emergent technology.
HOPOS: the Journal of the International Society for the History and Philosophy of Science, 2012
Continuing the work of the "Vienna Circle" , philosopher Carl Hempel created explanatory models t... more Continuing the work of the "Vienna Circle" , philosopher Carl Hempel created explanatory models to ground scientific inquiry in logic and empirical truth. Beginning with the physical sciences, he explored the application of these models to the social sciences as well. Terrestrial archaeologists incorporated Hempelian concepts by calling for global changes in archaeological methodology. These changes, explicitly designed to maximize data collection (a necessary first step to develop archaeological general laws crucial to Hempelian explanation and confirmation), were developed using particular idiosyncratic geographical cues that would undermine archaeology if implemented in other contexts. In this article, I argue that similarly unconscious artifacts of particular archaeologists' goals and locations have also governed underwater archaeology's growth as a discipline, much to its detriment. It is my hope that understanding the philosophical and archaeological issues that have led archaeology to this point will help to move archaeology (both land and sea) forward.
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Papers by William H Krieger
from Indian and Western philosophical perspectives. Both Eastern and Indian philosophy consider three mental states as being involved with the arousal of emotions, i.e., cognitive (epistemic), conative (desire), and affective. In Indian philosophy, there is no such single term or specific equivalent definition to the Western term ‘emotion.’ Further, there is no clear dichotomy (cognitive & non-cognitive) between reason and emotion in Indian culture. In Indian scriptures, there are various, at times intermingled conceptions of emotion. From a religious standpoint, emotion can be an expression of religious devotion (bhakti), and often emotions are viewed as barriers to having true knowledge and are considered a cause of attachment and an obstacle to liberation. After comparing a large amount of discussion on emotion following Western and Indian conceptions, and analyzing some real-life experiences where emotion plays various roles (intellectual, personal, and spiritual) within each philosophical tradition this paper concludes that it is critical to engage in a comparative, collaborative study of emotion.
from Indian and Western philosophical perspectives. Both Eastern and Indian philosophy consider three mental states as being involved with the arousal of emotions, i.e., cognitive (epistemic), conative (desire), and affective. In Indian philosophy, there is no such single term or specific equivalent definition to the Western term ‘emotion.’ Further, there is no clear dichotomy (cognitive & non-cognitive) between reason and emotion in Indian culture. In Indian scriptures, there are various, at times intermingled conceptions of emotion. From a religious standpoint, emotion can be an expression of religious devotion (bhakti), and often emotions are viewed as barriers to having true knowledge and are considered a cause of attachment and an obstacle to liberation. After comparing a large amount of discussion on emotion following Western and Indian conceptions, and analyzing some real-life experiences where emotion plays various roles (intellectual, personal, and spiritual) within each philosophical tradition this paper concludes that it is critical to engage in a comparative, collaborative study of emotion.