Papers by Charles Cardinal
Patient education and counseling, 2013
Objective: To systematically review empirical evidence regarding the efficacy of depression selfm... more Objective: To systematically review empirical evidence regarding the efficacy of depression selfmanagement support (SMS) interventions for improving depression symptomatology and preventing relapse. Methods: Pubmed and PsycINFO databases were searched for relevant articles on depression SMS interventions. Scanning of references in the articles and relevant reviews and communications with field experts yielded additional articles. Two independent reviewers analyzed the articles for inclusion and data was extracted from the selected articles. Results: 13 papers met the inclusion criteria and reported the results of six separate studies, including three pilot studies. The results were mostly positive. A majority of the trials assessing depression severity changes found SMS to be superior to care as usual. SMS interventions were found to improve selfmanagement behaviors and self-efficacy. Mixed results were found concerning relapse rates. Promising results were found on assessments of functional status. Based on the findings, cost-effectiveness remains unclear. Conclusion: SMS has been mostly examined through pilot studies with insufficient power. The results are promising, but larger randomized controlled trials are needed. Practice implications: SMS interventions can be administered by non-physician professionals and are well accepted by patients, but more research is needed before we can recommend implementing specific depression SMS approaches in primary care. ß
Suicide and Life-threatening Behavior, 2008
The purpose of this study is to quantify certain characteristics of the articles published in Sui... more The purpose of this study is to quantify certain characteristics of the articles published in Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior in three 5-year periods, namely, 1971-1975, 1984-1988, and 1997-2001. The characteristics in question include geographic origin of articles, number of authors per article, number of references listed per article, and number of times an article is cited in the literature. Changes across the three periods in terms of distribution of subjects/participants by age group and gender are also examined. The discussion focuses on explanations for the trends and characteristics that are described.
Conference Presentations by Charles Cardinal
Since 1980, when the first issue of the International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP) j... more Since 1980, when the first issue of the International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP) journal CRISIS was released, it contributed to add more than 600 articles on suicide knowledge and research. This study analyzes the research articles published in this journal, from 1980 to 2004, by using bibliometric techniques. Bibliometry is the application of mathematical and statistical methods to books, articles and other communication mediums (Pritchard, 1969). The variables studied are the authorship, geographical distribution of articles, age groups, genders, at-risk populations and their evolution through time. The citations used in articles published in the last five years are analyzed.
Research questions
1. What is the contribution of each country to suicide research published in Crisis;
2. Which authors contributed the most to Crisis;
3. What is the proportion by age group, gender and at-risk groups in the topics studied in research articles;
4. What are the resources most used in research articles in Crisis from 2000 to 2004;
5. What are the most cited research articles from Crisis."
Book Chapters by Charles Cardinal
Suicide is a worldwide problem; each year, more than 800,000 people take their own life. In compa... more Suicide is a worldwide problem; each year, more than 800,000 people take their own life. In comparison with the global age-standardized suicide rate of 11.4 per 100,000 population per year (15.0 for men and 8.0 for women), Canada’s rate is slightly lower, at 11.0, but higher for men and much lower for women (17.2 for men and 4.9 for women). Overall, suicide rates worldwide have been decreasing over the past 12 years and Canada’s rate has declined 11.1% between 2000 and 2012 (-2.8% for women and -13.5% for men). However, declining suicide rates are not occurring in all countries. For example, during the same period, suicides increased by 24.2% in the United States (+36.6% for women and +19.9% for men). Deaths by suicide, often referred to as “completed suicide”, are generally defined as when a person intentionally kills himself or herself, although the determination of intentionality is sometimes diffcult to ascertain. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) surveys, for each death by suicide, there are more than 20 people who have made one or more suicide attempts.
Since having attempted previously is an important risk factor in predicting completed suicides, suicide is often conceptualized along a continuum from “mild ideation” to “serious intentions, attempts and completed suicide”. This chapter limits itself to completed suicides and attempted suicides, and does not include self-harm without the intent to die, such as teenagers with repeated self-cutting without the presence of suicide intent. After presenting data on suicide and suicide attempts in Canada, this chapter briefly summarizes current explanations of suicidal behaviours, and reviews the interventions suggested in the WHO 2014 report on suicide prevention, in terms of the Canadian context.
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Papers by Charles Cardinal
Conference Presentations by Charles Cardinal
Research questions
1. What is the contribution of each country to suicide research published in Crisis;
2. Which authors contributed the most to Crisis;
3. What is the proportion by age group, gender and at-risk groups in the topics studied in research articles;
4. What are the resources most used in research articles in Crisis from 2000 to 2004;
5. What are the most cited research articles from Crisis."
Book Chapters by Charles Cardinal
Since having attempted previously is an important risk factor in predicting completed suicides, suicide is often conceptualized along a continuum from “mild ideation” to “serious intentions, attempts and completed suicide”. This chapter limits itself to completed suicides and attempted suicides, and does not include self-harm without the intent to die, such as teenagers with repeated self-cutting without the presence of suicide intent. After presenting data on suicide and suicide attempts in Canada, this chapter briefly summarizes current explanations of suicidal behaviours, and reviews the interventions suggested in the WHO 2014 report on suicide prevention, in terms of the Canadian context.
Research questions
1. What is the contribution of each country to suicide research published in Crisis;
2. Which authors contributed the most to Crisis;
3. What is the proportion by age group, gender and at-risk groups in the topics studied in research articles;
4. What are the resources most used in research articles in Crisis from 2000 to 2004;
5. What are the most cited research articles from Crisis."
Since having attempted previously is an important risk factor in predicting completed suicides, suicide is often conceptualized along a continuum from “mild ideation” to “serious intentions, attempts and completed suicide”. This chapter limits itself to completed suicides and attempted suicides, and does not include self-harm without the intent to die, such as teenagers with repeated self-cutting without the presence of suicide intent. After presenting data on suicide and suicide attempts in Canada, this chapter briefly summarizes current explanations of suicidal behaviours, and reviews the interventions suggested in the WHO 2014 report on suicide prevention, in terms of the Canadian context.