Page 1. From This Day Forward: A Feminine1 Moral Discourse on Homosexual Marriage Claudia A. Lewi... more Page 1. From This Day Forward: A Feminine1 Moral Discourse on Homosexual Marriage Claudia A. Lewis The definitional equation of marriage with heterosexuality forms a self-enclosed system inaccessible to single-gender ...
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Neonatal Nursing, 1981
American women to seek alternative forms ofbirth control which are both safe and efective. The ce... more American women to seek alternative forms ofbirth control which are both safe and efective. The cervical cap may provide a desired alternative and is relatively inexpensive. Types of caps are described below, with nursing guidelinesfor use andjtting , I
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Neonatal Nursing, 1987
A brief review of the medical literature indicates areas of concern related to the safety of obst... more A brief review of the medical literature indicates areas of concern related to the safety of obstetric ultrasound usage. Questions raised in the medical literature dictate the need for conservative and appropriate use of ultrasound until long-term follow-up studies have been completed. The current use of diagnostic ultrasound in a prenatal clinic setting is explored. In the meantime, health-care providers should follow guidelines for obstetric ultrasound use to prevent indiscriminate patient exposure.
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1999
We document the existence of a widespread Miocene ash-flow tuff sheet in northeastern Baja Califo... more We document the existence of a widespread Miocene ash-flow tuff sheet in northeastern Baja California, Mexico. The Ž . Tuff of San Felipe new name was erupted from a vent east of the Sierra San Felipe of NE Baja California at ca. 12.6 Ma. This is the only widespread middle Miocene pyroclastic flow deposit identified in northeastern Baja California. Its distinctive age and widespread distribution make it an important marker horizon for structural reconstruction of this part of the Gulf Extensional Province, which is on the Pacific plate. The vent position, near the modern Gulf of California coast, allows the possibility that exposures of the Tuff of San Felipe may be preserved east of the Gulf on the North America plate in Sonora, yielding a tie point for the past relative position of the two plates. This paper summarizes all known information including petrography, geochemistry, geochronology, paleomagnetics, geographic distribution, and field appearance of this important tuff. It is a densely welded, crystal-rich, lithic-lapilli pyroclastic flow deposit, with 5-15% alkali feldspar, and can be 180 m thick in some locations near the vent. The Tuff of San Felipe is ) 40 m thick up to 40 km SW of the vent and ) 10 m thick at least 25 km NNW of the vent. A minimum volume estimate for the deposit is 54 km 3 . Some recent 40 Arr 39 Ar age determinations suggest that the tuff is about 12.6 Ma in age. In all locations studied, the Tuff of San Felipe has a unique, low-inclination, reversed magnetization, which may record a field transition or a geomagnetic excursion within Ž . reversed polarity subchron C5Ar.2r 12.401 to 12.678 Ma . This low-inclination magnetization, as well as the mineralogy and age, is key to correlating the tuff across the region, because deposits are highly disrupted by subsequent normal faulting and outcrops are sparse and discontinuous away from the vent. . 0377-0273r99r$ -see front matter q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
... In contrast, deformation bands formed in relatively isotropic, glassy nonwelded ignimbrite ex... more ... In contrast, deformation bands formed in relatively isotropic, glassy nonwelded ignimbrite exhibit conjugate sets oblique to the Pajarito fault, consistent with ... majority of slip accumulates within a fault core, which is surrounded by a less deformed damage zone (eg, [Chester et al ...
... Inversion of kinematic data, interpreted together with published paleomagnetic data, suggests... more ... Inversion of kinematic data, interpreted together with published paleomagnetic data, suggests that the axis of least ... These group divisions are similar to, but not exactly the same as, group divisions established in correlative rocks in the southern Valle Chico region to ...
1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated flui... more 1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated fluid flow and transport. More than two thirds of the faults studied display diagenetic minerals virtually absent from adjacent protolith. Stable isotope analyses indicate that smectite enrichment and calcite cementation result from low-temperature meteoric fluid-fault interaction. Fault zone microstructures, rare earth element signatures, and mineralogy indicate that smectite was introduced to deformation band fault zones by a combination of translocation from the surface and in situ alteration of fault gouge. Rod-shaped calcite microcrystallites and the close association of calcite with plant roots suggest a combination of pedogenic, biologically mediated, and physicochemical precipitation. Enrichment in smectite and calcite modified major oxide and trace element contents of deformation bands with respect to protolith. Collectively, these observations indicate that these faults have served as, and may still be, zones of preferential vadose zone fluid flow and transport. These processes alter fault rock permeability; affect the transport of solutes via processes such as dissolution, precipitation, and adsorption, and they change the mechanical properties of the fault zone. Smectite and calcite enrichment results in localization of deformation, effectively halting the further development of deformation bands. Vadose zone alteration therefore is one way to produce a clay-rich fault core at early stages in a fault's history, resulting in fault zone weakening and localization of slip. Progressive burial of growth faults can subsequently bring fault cores into the seismogenic zone. Citation: Wilson, J. E., L. B. Goodwin, and C. Lewis (2006), Diagenesis of deformation band faults: Record and mechanical consequences of vadose zone flow and transport in the Bandelier Tuff, Los Alamos, New Mexico,
1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated flui... more 1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated fluid flow and transport. More than two thirds of the faults studied display diagenetic minerals virtually absent from adjacent protolith. Stable isotope analyses indicate that smectite enrichment and calcite cementation result from low-temperature meteoric fluid-fault interaction. Fault zone microstructures, rare earth element signatures, and mineralogy indicate that smectite was introduced to deformation band fault zones by a combination of translocation from the surface and in situ alteration of fault gouge. Rod-shaped calcite microcrystallites and the close association of calcite with plant roots suggest a combination of pedogenic, biologically mediated, and physicochemical precipitation. Enrichment in smectite and calcite modified major oxide and trace element contents of deformation bands with respect to protolith. Collectively, these observations indicate that these faults have served as, and may still be, zones of preferential vadose zone fluid flow and transport. These processes alter fault rock permeability; affect the transport of solutes via processes such as dissolution, precipitation, and adsorption, and they change the mechanical properties of the fault zone. Smectite and calcite enrichment results in localization of deformation, effectively halting the further development of deformation bands. Vadose zone alteration therefore is one way to produce a clay-rich fault core at early stages in a fault's history, resulting in fault zone weakening and localization of slip. Progressive burial of growth faults can subsequently bring fault cores into the seismogenic zone. Citation: Wilson, J. E., L. B. Goodwin, and C. Lewis (2006), Diagenesis of deformation band faults: Record and mechanical consequences of vadose zone flow and transport in the Bandelier Tuff, Los Alamos, New Mexico,
Paleomagnetic data from Sierra San Fermfn in the Gulf of California Extensional Province indicate... more Paleomagnetic data from Sierra San Fermfn in the Gulf of California Extensional Province indicate that localized clockwise rotations about vertical axes occurred during Pliocene through Recent extension and dextral shear. Relative declination discordances in upper Miocene and Pliocene ash flow tuffs indicate a net clockwise rotation of 30 ø _+ 16 ø. Clockwise rotation between 12.5 and 6 Ma is statistically insignificant (11 o _+ 17o). Structural observations and geochronological data suggest that rotations in this area began post-6 Ma, comprising uniformsense block rotations (oblique divergence) associated with extension and dextral slip in the northwest striking boundary between the Pacific and North American plates. Northeast striking sinistral-slip faults and north striking normal faults accommodate distributed dextral shear in this • area, allowing fault blocks to rotate in a clockwise sense. A model for oblique divergence predicts -21 km of shear in the direction of relative plate motion and -20% (-7 km) ENE directed extension, perpendicular to the Main Gulf Escarpment. A broad region of northeastern Baja California may have undergone similar distributed shear. Two possible dynamic models may explain this shear. In one model, rotation accumulates above a deep, subhorizontal, basal shear zone. Rotating blocks may extend downward to a detachment beneath the extensional province, either a low-angle eastward continuation of the San Pedro M•tir fault or to a basal shear surface on top of a subducted remnant of the Farallon plate. Alternatively, distributed dextral shear may be the surface manifestation of a deep vertical shear zone linking transform faults in the northern gulf with dextral transpeninsular faults. In either case, shear may have transferred northward onto faults west of the San Andreas fault, contributing to late Miocene to Recent clockwise rotation of the Western Transverse Ranges. This shear is not accounted for in the 300 km of dextral slip computed from cross-gulf geologic tie points.
We correlate Upper Pleistocene glacial and fluvial deposits of the Cinca and Gállego River valley... more We correlate Upper Pleistocene glacial and fluvial deposits of the Cinca and Gállego River valleys (south central Pyrenees and Ebro basin, Spain) using geomorphic position, luminescence dates, and time-related trends in soil development. The ages obtained from glacial deposits indicate glacial periods at 85 ± 5 ka, 64 ± 11 ka, and 36 ± 3 ka (from glacial till) and 20 ± 3 ka (from loess). The fluvial drainage system, fed by glaciers in the headwaters, developed extensive terrace systems in the Cinca River valley at 178 ± 21 ka, 97 ± 16 ka, 61 ± 4 ka, 47 ± 4 ka, and 11 ± 1 ka, and in the Gállego River valley at 151 ± 11 ka, 68 ± 7 ka, and 45 ± 3 ka. The times of maximum geomorphic activity related to cold phases coincide with Late Pleistocene marine isotope stages and Heinrich events. The maximum extent of glaciers during the last glacial occurred at 64 ± 11 ka, and the terraces correlated with this glacial phase are the most extensive in both the Cinca (61 ± 4 ka) and Gállego (68 ± 7 ka) valleys, indicating a strong increase in fluvial discharge and availability of sediments related to the transition to deglaciation. The global Last Glacial Maximum is scarcely represented in the south central Pyrenees owing to dominantly dry conditions at that time. Precipitation must be controlled by the position of the Iberian Peninsula with respect to the North Atlantic atmospheric circulation system. The glacial systems and the associated fluvial dynamic seem sensitive to 1) global climate changes controlled by insolation, 2) North Atlantic thermohaline circulation influenced by freshwater pulses into the North Atlantic, and 3) anomalies in atmospheric circulation in the North Atlantic controlling precipitation on the Iberian Peninsula. Our scenario of glacial and fluvial evolution during the Late Pleistocene in northern Spain could be extrapolated to other glaciated mountainous areas in southern Europe.
The impact of faults on fluid flow and transport through thick vadose zones depends in part on th... more The impact of faults on fluid flow and transport through thick vadose zones depends in part on the nature of fault-zone deformation. Both fractures and deformation bands occur in ignimbrite sequences at Los Alamos, New Mexico, and Busted Butte, Nevada. The primary controls ...
Page 1. From This Day Forward: A Feminine1 Moral Discourse on Homosexual Marriage Claudia A. Lewi... more Page 1. From This Day Forward: A Feminine1 Moral Discourse on Homosexual Marriage Claudia A. Lewis The definitional equation of marriage with heterosexuality forms a self-enclosed system inaccessible to single-gender ...
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Neonatal Nursing, 1981
American women to seek alternative forms ofbirth control which are both safe and efective. The ce... more American women to seek alternative forms ofbirth control which are both safe and efective. The cervical cap may provide a desired alternative and is relatively inexpensive. Types of caps are described below, with nursing guidelinesfor use andjtting , I
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Neonatal Nursing, 1987
A brief review of the medical literature indicates areas of concern related to the safety of obst... more A brief review of the medical literature indicates areas of concern related to the safety of obstetric ultrasound usage. Questions raised in the medical literature dictate the need for conservative and appropriate use of ultrasound until long-term follow-up studies have been completed. The current use of diagnostic ultrasound in a prenatal clinic setting is explored. In the meantime, health-care providers should follow guidelines for obstetric ultrasound use to prevent indiscriminate patient exposure.
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 1999
We document the existence of a widespread Miocene ash-flow tuff sheet in northeastern Baja Califo... more We document the existence of a widespread Miocene ash-flow tuff sheet in northeastern Baja California, Mexico. The Ž . Tuff of San Felipe new name was erupted from a vent east of the Sierra San Felipe of NE Baja California at ca. 12.6 Ma. This is the only widespread middle Miocene pyroclastic flow deposit identified in northeastern Baja California. Its distinctive age and widespread distribution make it an important marker horizon for structural reconstruction of this part of the Gulf Extensional Province, which is on the Pacific plate. The vent position, near the modern Gulf of California coast, allows the possibility that exposures of the Tuff of San Felipe may be preserved east of the Gulf on the North America plate in Sonora, yielding a tie point for the past relative position of the two plates. This paper summarizes all known information including petrography, geochemistry, geochronology, paleomagnetics, geographic distribution, and field appearance of this important tuff. It is a densely welded, crystal-rich, lithic-lapilli pyroclastic flow deposit, with 5-15% alkali feldspar, and can be 180 m thick in some locations near the vent. The Tuff of San Felipe is ) 40 m thick up to 40 km SW of the vent and ) 10 m thick at least 25 km NNW of the vent. A minimum volume estimate for the deposit is 54 km 3 . Some recent 40 Arr 39 Ar age determinations suggest that the tuff is about 12.6 Ma in age. In all locations studied, the Tuff of San Felipe has a unique, low-inclination, reversed magnetization, which may record a field transition or a geomagnetic excursion within Ž . reversed polarity subchron C5Ar.2r 12.401 to 12.678 Ma . This low-inclination magnetization, as well as the mineralogy and age, is key to correlating the tuff across the region, because deposits are highly disrupted by subsequent normal faulting and outcrops are sparse and discontinuous away from the vent. . 0377-0273r99r$ -see front matter q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
... In contrast, deformation bands formed in relatively isotropic, glassy nonwelded ignimbrite ex... more ... In contrast, deformation bands formed in relatively isotropic, glassy nonwelded ignimbrite exhibit conjugate sets oblique to the Pajarito fault, consistent with ... majority of slip accumulates within a fault core, which is surrounded by a less deformed damage zone (eg, [Chester et al ...
... Inversion of kinematic data, interpreted together with published paleomagnetic data, suggests... more ... Inversion of kinematic data, interpreted together with published paleomagnetic data, suggests that the axis of least ... These group divisions are similar to, but not exactly the same as, group divisions established in correlative rocks in the southern Valle Chico region to ...
1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated flui... more 1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated fluid flow and transport. More than two thirds of the faults studied display diagenetic minerals virtually absent from adjacent protolith. Stable isotope analyses indicate that smectite enrichment and calcite cementation result from low-temperature meteoric fluid-fault interaction. Fault zone microstructures, rare earth element signatures, and mineralogy indicate that smectite was introduced to deformation band fault zones by a combination of translocation from the surface and in situ alteration of fault gouge. Rod-shaped calcite microcrystallites and the close association of calcite with plant roots suggest a combination of pedogenic, biologically mediated, and physicochemical precipitation. Enrichment in smectite and calcite modified major oxide and trace element contents of deformation bands with respect to protolith. Collectively, these observations indicate that these faults have served as, and may still be, zones of preferential vadose zone fluid flow and transport. These processes alter fault rock permeability; affect the transport of solutes via processes such as dissolution, precipitation, and adsorption, and they change the mechanical properties of the fault zone. Smectite and calcite enrichment results in localization of deformation, effectively halting the further development of deformation bands. Vadose zone alteration therefore is one way to produce a clay-rich fault core at early stages in a fault's history, resulting in fault zone weakening and localization of slip. Progressive burial of growth faults can subsequently bring fault cores into the seismogenic zone. Citation: Wilson, J. E., L. B. Goodwin, and C. Lewis (2006), Diagenesis of deformation band faults: Record and mechanical consequences of vadose zone flow and transport in the Bandelier Tuff, Los Alamos, New Mexico,
1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated flui... more 1] Deformation band faults in nonwelded ignimbrites of the Bandelier Tuff record unsaturated fluid flow and transport. More than two thirds of the faults studied display diagenetic minerals virtually absent from adjacent protolith. Stable isotope analyses indicate that smectite enrichment and calcite cementation result from low-temperature meteoric fluid-fault interaction. Fault zone microstructures, rare earth element signatures, and mineralogy indicate that smectite was introduced to deformation band fault zones by a combination of translocation from the surface and in situ alteration of fault gouge. Rod-shaped calcite microcrystallites and the close association of calcite with plant roots suggest a combination of pedogenic, biologically mediated, and physicochemical precipitation. Enrichment in smectite and calcite modified major oxide and trace element contents of deformation bands with respect to protolith. Collectively, these observations indicate that these faults have served as, and may still be, zones of preferential vadose zone fluid flow and transport. These processes alter fault rock permeability; affect the transport of solutes via processes such as dissolution, precipitation, and adsorption, and they change the mechanical properties of the fault zone. Smectite and calcite enrichment results in localization of deformation, effectively halting the further development of deformation bands. Vadose zone alteration therefore is one way to produce a clay-rich fault core at early stages in a fault's history, resulting in fault zone weakening and localization of slip. Progressive burial of growth faults can subsequently bring fault cores into the seismogenic zone. Citation: Wilson, J. E., L. B. Goodwin, and C. Lewis (2006), Diagenesis of deformation band faults: Record and mechanical consequences of vadose zone flow and transport in the Bandelier Tuff, Los Alamos, New Mexico,
Paleomagnetic data from Sierra San Fermfn in the Gulf of California Extensional Province indicate... more Paleomagnetic data from Sierra San Fermfn in the Gulf of California Extensional Province indicate that localized clockwise rotations about vertical axes occurred during Pliocene through Recent extension and dextral shear. Relative declination discordances in upper Miocene and Pliocene ash flow tuffs indicate a net clockwise rotation of 30 ø _+ 16 ø. Clockwise rotation between 12.5 and 6 Ma is statistically insignificant (11 o _+ 17o). Structural observations and geochronological data suggest that rotations in this area began post-6 Ma, comprising uniformsense block rotations (oblique divergence) associated with extension and dextral slip in the northwest striking boundary between the Pacific and North American plates. Northeast striking sinistral-slip faults and north striking normal faults accommodate distributed dextral shear in this • area, allowing fault blocks to rotate in a clockwise sense. A model for oblique divergence predicts -21 km of shear in the direction of relative plate motion and -20% (-7 km) ENE directed extension, perpendicular to the Main Gulf Escarpment. A broad region of northeastern Baja California may have undergone similar distributed shear. Two possible dynamic models may explain this shear. In one model, rotation accumulates above a deep, subhorizontal, basal shear zone. Rotating blocks may extend downward to a detachment beneath the extensional province, either a low-angle eastward continuation of the San Pedro M•tir fault or to a basal shear surface on top of a subducted remnant of the Farallon plate. Alternatively, distributed dextral shear may be the surface manifestation of a deep vertical shear zone linking transform faults in the northern gulf with dextral transpeninsular faults. In either case, shear may have transferred northward onto faults west of the San Andreas fault, contributing to late Miocene to Recent clockwise rotation of the Western Transverse Ranges. This shear is not accounted for in the 300 km of dextral slip computed from cross-gulf geologic tie points.
We correlate Upper Pleistocene glacial and fluvial deposits of the Cinca and Gállego River valley... more We correlate Upper Pleistocene glacial and fluvial deposits of the Cinca and Gállego River valleys (south central Pyrenees and Ebro basin, Spain) using geomorphic position, luminescence dates, and time-related trends in soil development. The ages obtained from glacial deposits indicate glacial periods at 85 ± 5 ka, 64 ± 11 ka, and 36 ± 3 ka (from glacial till) and 20 ± 3 ka (from loess). The fluvial drainage system, fed by glaciers in the headwaters, developed extensive terrace systems in the Cinca River valley at 178 ± 21 ka, 97 ± 16 ka, 61 ± 4 ka, 47 ± 4 ka, and 11 ± 1 ka, and in the Gállego River valley at 151 ± 11 ka, 68 ± 7 ka, and 45 ± 3 ka. The times of maximum geomorphic activity related to cold phases coincide with Late Pleistocene marine isotope stages and Heinrich events. The maximum extent of glaciers during the last glacial occurred at 64 ± 11 ka, and the terraces correlated with this glacial phase are the most extensive in both the Cinca (61 ± 4 ka) and Gállego (68 ± 7 ka) valleys, indicating a strong increase in fluvial discharge and availability of sediments related to the transition to deglaciation. The global Last Glacial Maximum is scarcely represented in the south central Pyrenees owing to dominantly dry conditions at that time. Precipitation must be controlled by the position of the Iberian Peninsula with respect to the North Atlantic atmospheric circulation system. The glacial systems and the associated fluvial dynamic seem sensitive to 1) global climate changes controlled by insolation, 2) North Atlantic thermohaline circulation influenced by freshwater pulses into the North Atlantic, and 3) anomalies in atmospheric circulation in the North Atlantic controlling precipitation on the Iberian Peninsula. Our scenario of glacial and fluvial evolution during the Late Pleistocene in northern Spain could be extrapolated to other glaciated mountainous areas in southern Europe.
The impact of faults on fluid flow and transport through thick vadose zones depends in part on th... more The impact of faults on fluid flow and transport through thick vadose zones depends in part on the nature of fault-zone deformation. Both fractures and deformation bands occur in ignimbrite sequences at Los Alamos, New Mexico, and Busted Butte, Nevada. The primary controls ...
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