Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labou... more Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labour relations in international mergers and takeovers. A political approach
and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study pu... more and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
In order to assess the validity of the ISCED-97 for the Spanish case, this chapter will first pro... more In order to assess the validity of the ISCED-97 for the Spanish case, this chapter will first provide a brief historical introduction to the Spanish system of education. A detailed description of the stages and tracks in the Spanish educational cycle will follow, ...
Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labou... more Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labour relations in international mergers and takeovers. A political approach
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-rss-10.1177_10434631221074689 for Parental time preferences and e... more Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-rss-10.1177_10434631221074689 for Parental time preferences and educational choices: The role of children's gender and of social origin by Daniela Bellani and Luis Ortiz-Gervasi in Rationality and Society
This paper contributes to the literature on Relative Risk Aversion theory in two ways: first, by ... more This paper contributes to the literature on Relative Risk Aversion theory in two ways: first, by considering that the effect of time preferences may differ according to both children’s gender and social origin; second, by exploring this possibility for different educational outcomes: upper secondary school choices and university enrollment. We use data of the Survey of Household Income and Wealth, which contains questions specifically addressed to capture an individual’s time discounting preference, to further explore the association between time discounting preference and the effect of social origin on educational outcomes in Italy. In line with prior research, we find that time preferences only have a meaningful effect among children of lowly educated parents. But such an effect, in turn, differs by gender: parental time preferences matter more for sons than for daughters of lowly educated parents. This gender effect is found both for upper secondary choices and for entry into hig...
Applying multi-level modelling to the four rounds of the European Social Survey currently availab... more Applying multi-level modelling to the four rounds of the European Social Survey currently available (2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008), our paper provides evidence of crosscountry divergence in the empirical association between extra-representational types of political participation and trade union membership. Cross-national differences in union members’ political participation of this kind, we argue, can be explained by the existence of models of unionism that differ with respect to the institutionalization of trade union activity and the opportunities for left-wing parties to gain access to executive power.
The incidence of overeducation in eight European countries is here assessed by
means of multiple... more The incidence of overeducation in eight European countries is here assessed by
means of multiple indicators. With the exception of Spain, the results reveal that overeducation is a minor risk amongst European tertiary graduates. Yet, the contrast between different indicators reveals the existence of an overeducation of a moderate kind in countries with high rates of tertiary attainment (Norway, Finland and Netherlands). Our results also reveal the importance of higher education differentiation for understanding the risk of overeducation. Graduates from humanistic fields, bachelor courses and vocational colleges are more exposed to overeducation, though their disadvantage varies crossnationally.
Transformations of European labour markets and welfare systems have deepened the problem of preca... more Transformations of European labour markets and welfare systems have deepened the problem of precarious work, leading trade unions to develop strategies to represent and organize the workers affected. We focus on Italy and Spain, two of the countries with the most precarious labour markets in Europe, and address the specificity and variety of union responses. We relate these responses to the different institutional contexts, including employment and welfare regulation, and the power resources unions can draw upon.
Resorting to four waves of the European Community Household Panel, this research explores the ass... more Resorting to four waves of the European Community Household Panel, this research explores the association between temporary employment and the likelihood of being over-educated. Such an association has been largely ignored by the literature explaining over-education, more inclined to attribute such a mismatch to the system of education. Selecting three similarly standarised and stratified systems of education (France, Italy and Spain) and controlling for many other variables likely to affect over-education, like gender, age, tenure, job change, firm size or sector, the paper demonstrates that such an association between temporary employment and over-education exists. Being a stepping stone towards a more stable and adjusted position in the labour market, holding a temporary employment may be associated to a higher likelihood of being over-educated. Such an association is more likely in Italy and France. Yet, the opposite sign prevails where permanent employment becomes such a valuab...
The relationship between union membership and political mobilization has been studied under many ... more The relationship between union membership and political mobilization has been studied under many perspectives, but quantitative cross-national analyses have been hampered by the absence of international comparable survey data until the first round of the European Social Survey (ESS-2002) was made available. Using different national samples from this survey in four moments of time (2002, 2004 and 2006), our paper provides evidence of cross-country divergence in the empirical association between political mobilisation and trade union membership. Cross-national differences in union members’ political mobilization, we argue, can be explained by the existence of models of unionism that in turn differ with respect to two decisive factors: the institutionalisation of trade union activity and the opportunities left-wing parties have available for gaining access to executive power.
El doctorando pretende comprobar la presunta tendencia a la convergencia de los distintos modelos... more El doctorando pretende comprobar la presunta tendencia a la convergencia de los distintos modelos nacionales de regulacion laboral en el lugar de trabajo. Para ello estudia la reaccion sindical a un cambio supuestamente extendido en la organizacion del trabajo de un sector fuertemente internacionalizado. Tal sector es el automovil. Segun algunos autores, determinadas fuerzas internacionales no estarian dejando a los lideres sindicales mas opcion que aceptar un cambio en la organizacion del trabajo que se estaria extendiendo por todo el sector. Tal cambio en la organizacion del trabajo daria lugar, a su vez, a que las distintas modalidades nacionales y locales de regulacion de las relaciones laborales en la empresa convergieran en torno a un mismo punto. Mediante el estudio en profundidad de cuatro empresas espanolas y una britanica, el doctorando ha intentado comprobar si dicha respuesta sindical se adecua a un modelo homogeneo, y si ello es asi porque los lideres sindicales actuan ...
Over the last decades, female educational attainment has progressively caught up with male one in... more Over the last decades, female educational attainment has progressively caught up with male one in many OECD countries. Expectations of university graduation have correspondingly been found to be higher among female adolescents than among male ones. The advantage is even higher for girls of lower social origin. In the present research, multilevel modelling is applied to a combination of national-level data, on the one hand, and individual-and school-level data drawn from PISA 2003 on the other hand, in order to explain lower expectations of university graduation among male kids of lowly educated parents. Attention is paid to gender egalitarianism, educational differentiation and economic structure. A more gender-egalitarian society is expected to make human capital investment more attractive for girls. This effect may not affect expectations of university graduation among offspring of highly educated fathers, but it is expected to raise educational expectations of daughters of lowly educated fathers well above expectations of boys of the same origin. As regards educational differentiation, vocational training may become more appealing for male kids of lower social origin than for female ones. Finally, the size and growth of employment and wages in strongly masculinised sectors (i.e. manufacturing and construction) may divert male kids from entry into university, making vocational training or straight entry into the labour market more attractive. Again, this effect could be stronger among male adolescents of lower social origin. The evidence supports the role of the economic structure and gender egalitarianism, but no evidence is found in support of the role of educational differentiation.
This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic perspective. ... more This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic perspective. An event-history analysis of the transition form employment to housework has been made resorting to data from the European Household Panel Survey. Four countries representing different welfare regimes and, more specifically, different family policies, have been selected for the analysis: Britain, Denmark, Germany and Spain. The results confirm the importance of individual-level factors, which is consistent with an economic approach to female labour supply. Nonetheless, there are significant cross-national differences in how these factors act over the risk of abandoning the labour market. First, the number of trnasitions is much lower among Danish working women than among British, German or Spanish ones, revealing the relative importance of universal provision of childcare services, vis-a-vis other elements of the family policy, as time or money.
Increasing female educational attainment across OECD countries is making hypogamy a widespread ph... more Increasing female educational attainment across OECD countries is making hypogamy a widespread phenomenon. This trend provides an opportunity to re-examine the effects of educational assortative ma...
ABSTRACT This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic pers... more ABSTRACT This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic perspective. An event-history analysis of the transition form employment to housework has been made resorting to data from the European Household Panel Survey. Four countries representing different welfare regimes and, more specifically, different family policies, have been selected for the analysis: Britain, Denmark, Germany and Spain. The results confirm the importance of individual-level factors, which is consistent with an economic approach to female labour supply. Nonetheless, there are significant cross-national differences in how these factors act over the risk of abandoning the labour market. First, the number of trnasitions is much lower among Danish working women than among British, German or Spanish ones, revealing the relative importance of universal provision of childcare services, vis-à-vis other elements of the family policy, as time or money.
Applying fixed-effects models to EULFS data on Spain from 1998 to 2006, the paper explores the ef... more Applying fixed-effects models to EULFS data on Spain from 1998 to 2006, the paper explores the effects of educational expansion on the occupational returns to education across different levels of education. We build an indicator of the positional value of education, based on the idea that the value of a given educational credential partly depends on the percentage of labour market entrants who have reached that level at the time when individuals enter the labour market-it is higher when fewer individuals have reached it, lower otherwise. Our analysis for the Spanish case shows that the decrease in the occupational returns to education goes in parallel with the decrease in the positional value of education, but this devaluation of credentials has been stronger in general education (e.g., in humanities or social sciences university degrees, or in upper secondary general education) than in specialized education (e.g., in technical fields in the university, or in upper vocational training). We argue that the reason for this is most likely that general education provides a more diffuse signal of candidates' skills than specialized education. We also find that this devaluation of credentials has been stronger in fields accessed by women in larger numbers in last decades.
La Ciudadania Europea En El Siglo Xxi Estudio Comparado De Sus Actitudes Opinion Publica Y Comportamiento Politicos 2010 Isbn 978 84 7476 486 4 Pags 317 344, 2010
Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labou... more Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labour relations in international mergers and takeovers. A political approach
and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study pu... more and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
In order to assess the validity of the ISCED-97 for the Spanish case, this chapter will first pro... more In order to assess the validity of the ISCED-97 for the Spanish case, this chapter will first provide a brief historical introduction to the Spanish system of education. A detailed description of the stages and tracks in the Spanish educational cycle will follow, ...
Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labou... more Relaciones laborales en fusiones y adquisiciones transnacionales. Una aproximación política Labour relations in international mergers and takeovers. A political approach
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-rss-10.1177_10434631221074689 for Parental time preferences and e... more Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-rss-10.1177_10434631221074689 for Parental time preferences and educational choices: The role of children's gender and of social origin by Daniela Bellani and Luis Ortiz-Gervasi in Rationality and Society
This paper contributes to the literature on Relative Risk Aversion theory in two ways: first, by ... more This paper contributes to the literature on Relative Risk Aversion theory in two ways: first, by considering that the effect of time preferences may differ according to both children’s gender and social origin; second, by exploring this possibility for different educational outcomes: upper secondary school choices and university enrollment. We use data of the Survey of Household Income and Wealth, which contains questions specifically addressed to capture an individual’s time discounting preference, to further explore the association between time discounting preference and the effect of social origin on educational outcomes in Italy. In line with prior research, we find that time preferences only have a meaningful effect among children of lowly educated parents. But such an effect, in turn, differs by gender: parental time preferences matter more for sons than for daughters of lowly educated parents. This gender effect is found both for upper secondary choices and for entry into hig...
Applying multi-level modelling to the four rounds of the European Social Survey currently availab... more Applying multi-level modelling to the four rounds of the European Social Survey currently available (2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008), our paper provides evidence of crosscountry divergence in the empirical association between extra-representational types of political participation and trade union membership. Cross-national differences in union members’ political participation of this kind, we argue, can be explained by the existence of models of unionism that differ with respect to the institutionalization of trade union activity and the opportunities for left-wing parties to gain access to executive power.
The incidence of overeducation in eight European countries is here assessed by
means of multiple... more The incidence of overeducation in eight European countries is here assessed by
means of multiple indicators. With the exception of Spain, the results reveal that overeducation is a minor risk amongst European tertiary graduates. Yet, the contrast between different indicators reveals the existence of an overeducation of a moderate kind in countries with high rates of tertiary attainment (Norway, Finland and Netherlands). Our results also reveal the importance of higher education differentiation for understanding the risk of overeducation. Graduates from humanistic fields, bachelor courses and vocational colleges are more exposed to overeducation, though their disadvantage varies crossnationally.
Transformations of European labour markets and welfare systems have deepened the problem of preca... more Transformations of European labour markets and welfare systems have deepened the problem of precarious work, leading trade unions to develop strategies to represent and organize the workers affected. We focus on Italy and Spain, two of the countries with the most precarious labour markets in Europe, and address the specificity and variety of union responses. We relate these responses to the different institutional contexts, including employment and welfare regulation, and the power resources unions can draw upon.
Resorting to four waves of the European Community Household Panel, this research explores the ass... more Resorting to four waves of the European Community Household Panel, this research explores the association between temporary employment and the likelihood of being over-educated. Such an association has been largely ignored by the literature explaining over-education, more inclined to attribute such a mismatch to the system of education. Selecting three similarly standarised and stratified systems of education (France, Italy and Spain) and controlling for many other variables likely to affect over-education, like gender, age, tenure, job change, firm size or sector, the paper demonstrates that such an association between temporary employment and over-education exists. Being a stepping stone towards a more stable and adjusted position in the labour market, holding a temporary employment may be associated to a higher likelihood of being over-educated. Such an association is more likely in Italy and France. Yet, the opposite sign prevails where permanent employment becomes such a valuab...
The relationship between union membership and political mobilization has been studied under many ... more The relationship between union membership and political mobilization has been studied under many perspectives, but quantitative cross-national analyses have been hampered by the absence of international comparable survey data until the first round of the European Social Survey (ESS-2002) was made available. Using different national samples from this survey in four moments of time (2002, 2004 and 2006), our paper provides evidence of cross-country divergence in the empirical association between political mobilisation and trade union membership. Cross-national differences in union members’ political mobilization, we argue, can be explained by the existence of models of unionism that in turn differ with respect to two decisive factors: the institutionalisation of trade union activity and the opportunities left-wing parties have available for gaining access to executive power.
El doctorando pretende comprobar la presunta tendencia a la convergencia de los distintos modelos... more El doctorando pretende comprobar la presunta tendencia a la convergencia de los distintos modelos nacionales de regulacion laboral en el lugar de trabajo. Para ello estudia la reaccion sindical a un cambio supuestamente extendido en la organizacion del trabajo de un sector fuertemente internacionalizado. Tal sector es el automovil. Segun algunos autores, determinadas fuerzas internacionales no estarian dejando a los lideres sindicales mas opcion que aceptar un cambio en la organizacion del trabajo que se estaria extendiendo por todo el sector. Tal cambio en la organizacion del trabajo daria lugar, a su vez, a que las distintas modalidades nacionales y locales de regulacion de las relaciones laborales en la empresa convergieran en torno a un mismo punto. Mediante el estudio en profundidad de cuatro empresas espanolas y una britanica, el doctorando ha intentado comprobar si dicha respuesta sindical se adecua a un modelo homogeneo, y si ello es asi porque los lideres sindicales actuan ...
Over the last decades, female educational attainment has progressively caught up with male one in... more Over the last decades, female educational attainment has progressively caught up with male one in many OECD countries. Expectations of university graduation have correspondingly been found to be higher among female adolescents than among male ones. The advantage is even higher for girls of lower social origin. In the present research, multilevel modelling is applied to a combination of national-level data, on the one hand, and individual-and school-level data drawn from PISA 2003 on the other hand, in order to explain lower expectations of university graduation among male kids of lowly educated parents. Attention is paid to gender egalitarianism, educational differentiation and economic structure. A more gender-egalitarian society is expected to make human capital investment more attractive for girls. This effect may not affect expectations of university graduation among offspring of highly educated fathers, but it is expected to raise educational expectations of daughters of lowly educated fathers well above expectations of boys of the same origin. As regards educational differentiation, vocational training may become more appealing for male kids of lower social origin than for female ones. Finally, the size and growth of employment and wages in strongly masculinised sectors (i.e. manufacturing and construction) may divert male kids from entry into university, making vocational training or straight entry into the labour market more attractive. Again, this effect could be stronger among male adolescents of lower social origin. The evidence supports the role of the economic structure and gender egalitarianism, but no evidence is found in support of the role of educational differentiation.
This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic perspective. ... more This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic perspective. An event-history analysis of the transition form employment to housework has been made resorting to data from the European Household Panel Survey. Four countries representing different welfare regimes and, more specifically, different family policies, have been selected for the analysis: Britain, Denmark, Germany and Spain. The results confirm the importance of individual-level factors, which is consistent with an economic approach to female labour supply. Nonetheless, there are significant cross-national differences in how these factors act over the risk of abandoning the labour market. First, the number of trnasitions is much lower among Danish working women than among British, German or Spanish ones, revealing the relative importance of universal provision of childcare services, vis-a-vis other elements of the family policy, as time or money.
Increasing female educational attainment across OECD countries is making hypogamy a widespread ph... more Increasing female educational attainment across OECD countries is making hypogamy a widespread phenomenon. This trend provides an opportunity to re-examine the effects of educational assortative ma...
ABSTRACT This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic pers... more ABSTRACT This paper is aimed at exploring the determinants of female activity from a dynamic perspective. An event-history analysis of the transition form employment to housework has been made resorting to data from the European Household Panel Survey. Four countries representing different welfare regimes and, more specifically, different family policies, have been selected for the analysis: Britain, Denmark, Germany and Spain. The results confirm the importance of individual-level factors, which is consistent with an economic approach to female labour supply. Nonetheless, there are significant cross-national differences in how these factors act over the risk of abandoning the labour market. First, the number of trnasitions is much lower among Danish working women than among British, German or Spanish ones, revealing the relative importance of universal provision of childcare services, vis-à-vis other elements of the family policy, as time or money.
Applying fixed-effects models to EULFS data on Spain from 1998 to 2006, the paper explores the ef... more Applying fixed-effects models to EULFS data on Spain from 1998 to 2006, the paper explores the effects of educational expansion on the occupational returns to education across different levels of education. We build an indicator of the positional value of education, based on the idea that the value of a given educational credential partly depends on the percentage of labour market entrants who have reached that level at the time when individuals enter the labour market-it is higher when fewer individuals have reached it, lower otherwise. Our analysis for the Spanish case shows that the decrease in the occupational returns to education goes in parallel with the decrease in the positional value of education, but this devaluation of credentials has been stronger in general education (e.g., in humanities or social sciences university degrees, or in upper secondary general education) than in specialized education (e.g., in technical fields in the university, or in upper vocational training). We argue that the reason for this is most likely that general education provides a more diffuse signal of candidates' skills than specialized education. We also find that this devaluation of credentials has been stronger in fields accessed by women in larger numbers in last decades.
La Ciudadania Europea En El Siglo Xxi Estudio Comparado De Sus Actitudes Opinion Publica Y Comportamiento Politicos 2010 Isbn 978 84 7476 486 4 Pags 317 344, 2010
Uploads
Papers by Luis Ortiz
means of multiple indicators. With the exception of Spain, the results reveal that overeducation is a minor risk amongst European tertiary graduates. Yet, the contrast between different indicators reveals the existence of an overeducation of a moderate kind in countries with high rates of tertiary attainment (Norway, Finland and Netherlands). Our results also reveal the importance of higher education differentiation for understanding the risk of overeducation. Graduates from humanistic fields, bachelor courses and vocational colleges are more exposed to overeducation, though their disadvantage varies crossnationally.
means of multiple indicators. With the exception of Spain, the results reveal that overeducation is a minor risk amongst European tertiary graduates. Yet, the contrast between different indicators reveals the existence of an overeducation of a moderate kind in countries with high rates of tertiary attainment (Norway, Finland and Netherlands). Our results also reveal the importance of higher education differentiation for understanding the risk of overeducation. Graduates from humanistic fields, bachelor courses and vocational colleges are more exposed to overeducation, though their disadvantage varies crossnationally.