Background/Aim: The aim of the research was to examine the general attitude, knoweledge and pract... more Background/Aim: The aim of the research was to examine the general attitude, knoweledge and practice of pediatricians about caries in children of preschool age. Material and Methods: The research was conducted from November 2019 to the end of January 2020. The research consisted of a survey of pediatricians. The questionnaire consisted of 4 modules and 37 questions, which related to the attitude, knowledge and practice of pediatricians on the prevention of early childhood caries. Results: The majority of pediatricians (84.9%) stated that they assess the nutrition of their patients, while 32.1% of them always do oral health assessment, and half of them in the second month of the child's life; and 39.6% assess oral health only if there is a problem. The majority of pediatricians (86.8%) recommended the first dental examination, most often in the first year of the child's life (79.5%), and then every 6 months (43.5%). The majority of respondents did not required information abo...
Introduction: Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is a ubiquitous entity among dental patients in terms... more Introduction: Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is a ubiquitous entity among dental patients in terms of their prevalence and incidence. It is among the major clinical problems in dentistry. In addition, the differences in DFA prevalence were present considering the age and gender of patients and over time, but with some opposite reports. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of DFA presence in children concerning their age, gender, and over time. Methods: The survey sample comprised 200 of 9–12-year-old children. The DFA presence was determined twice by the modified version of the CFSS-DS scale (CFSS-DS-mod scale) during a 6-months long period between the first and the subsequent dental appointment due to the need for restorative dental treatment. The scale was applied before the restorative treatment started on both occasions. Results: The prevalence of DFA was 17.5% in the study sample and decreased over time. It was slightly higher in girls. Conclusions: The DFA prevale...
Dentalni strah i anksioznost (DSA) česti su u općoj populaciji, posebno među djecom i adolescenti... more Dentalni strah i anksioznost (DSA) česti su u općoj populaciji, posebno među djecom i adolescentima. Ti klinički psihološki entiteti neizbježno završavaju izbjegavanjem stomatoloških pregleda. Prisutnost DSA-e zabilježena je kod 23,9 % djece i adolescenata (1-3). To se ne može zanemariti u kontekstu prevencije i terapije oralnih bolesti. Propitujući mogućnosti moderne stomatologije da ispuni svoje ciljeve, taj problem u dječjoj dobi postaje sve složeniji. Znatan broj dječjih pacijenata izbjegava preglede kod stomatologa zbog DSA-e sve dok ne bude prekasno za preventivne tretmane te se tako posljedično narušava oralno zdravlje (2, 4). U nastanku DSA-e općenito, kao jednoga od emocionalnih ishoda stresa u stomatološkoj ordinaciji, većina dječjih pacijenata mogla je definirati za njih najintenzivnije specifične stresore. Tako postoje dvije skupine čimbenika za pojavu
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Background: As the pandemic time went by in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), various patterns toward... more Background: As the pandemic time went by in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), various patterns toward COVID-19 itself and its impacts, implementation of prescribed preventive measures among the team members, and those of their patients, including immunization process, have been revealed. These patterns were of both empirical and evidence-based kind and consequently formed dental personnel behavior. The aim was to evaluate and compare the COVID-19 status of dentists in B&H, implementation of prescribed preventive measures, and usage of various kinds of PPE, at the beginning of the pandemics and now, 2.5 years later, including dentists’ current vaccination status, and their opinions and attitudes toward the national COVID-19 economic impact on dental practice. Methodology: Study research was in a form of a cross-sectional longitudinally designed online survey and was conducted in two parts. Results and conclusions: Dental professionals in B&H had a high frequency of COVID-19 symptoms in t...
Objectives: Demarcated opacities (DO) on teeth affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH)... more Objectives: Demarcated opacities (DO) on teeth affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) were observed to investigate if parameters of DO existence and the number of teeth affected could be used to predict the progression of disease. Material and methods: In 2009, the MIH prevalence was 11.5% (n=51) among 446 subjects in Sarajevo, aged from 6 to 9 years. In subjects with MIH who gave consent for further participation (n=25), the teeth with DO were observed after a 12-month period. Results: our sample included 29 permanent incisors and 14 first permanent molars with DO. The number of teeth with light opacities was significantly higher than the number of teeth with dark opacities. Opacities were more numerous on surfaces which were not exposed to masticatory pressure. The size of tooth surface affected by DO occurrence ranged from 1.33% to 56.56%. The number of affected teeth ranged from two to six. A strong positive correlation between MIH progression and dark colored opacit...
Background: The most commonly used diagnostic tests for evaluation of the dental fear and anxiety... more Background: The most commonly used diagnostic tests for evaluation of the dental fear and anxiety (DFA) presence in children were psychometric scales, where interpretation in determining and using of their cutoff scores sometimes was not completely exact. Also, several studies have been conducted where the results were conflicting in terms of who better assessed the DFA presence-the children, their parents, or dentists. Objective: To determine the normative values in the child and parental versions of the Modified version of the CFSS-DS scale (CFSS-DS-mod scale) and to compare the ways in which children, their parents, and the dentist assessed the DFA presence in the dental office. Methods: Survey sample consisted of 200 children aged from 9 to 12 years, whose DFA presence was determined by the CFSS-DS-mod scale. Child parents answered to their version of this scale, and the dentist observed the child behavior in the dental office during the treatment using Venham Anxiety and Behaviour Rating Scales. Results: Parental version of the CFSS-DS-mod scale found to be reliable (Cronbach alpha = 0.955) and valid (67.87% of variance explained) instrument for assessment of the DFA presence in children. Two cutoff scores were determined in a child (37 and 43), as well as in a parental version of CFSS-DS-mod scale (36 and 44), respectively. Dentists assessed the DFA presence in child patients most accurately. Conclusion: The normative values of psychometric instruments should be considered prior to their use. The borderline area of DFA presence should also be taken into account in the future studies. Children could underestimate DFA existence by themselves while interviewing. Keywords: dental fear and anxiety, children, CFSS-DS-mod scale, normative values, types of informant.
AIM Research aimed to gather aepidemiological parameters of MIH from a sample of Sarajevo childre... more AIM Research aimed to gather aepidemiological parameters of MIH from a sample of Sarajevo children born between the years 1999 and 2003. Prevalence of MIH, distribution according to severity (mild vs. moderate/severe cases) and distribution according to phenotypes (MIH vs MH) were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study design: This was a cross-sectional, observational, aepidemiological study that was conducted on a sample of 446 children aged 6 to 9 years. It was conducted as a part of regular dental screening of children attending a randomly selected primary school in the Bosnian capital city of Sarajevo. RESULTS The overall prevalence of MIH was 11.5%. MIH prevalence varied between 19.9% of examinees born in year 2002 to 8.4% among those born in 2003. Number of teeth affected varied from 1 to 7. The average number of affected teeth was 3.82 ± 1.46. Demarcated opacities were recorded on 13.89%, post-eruptive enamel breakdown on 11.28% and atypical filling on 6.2% index teeth. Mi...
Objective The aim of this research was to examine the attitudes and perceptions of dentofacial ae... more Objective The aim of this research was to examine the attitudes and perceptions of dentofacial aesthetics among different age groups. Materials and Methods The sample consisted of elementary-school students from the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and their parents. This study included 314 subjects: 157 children and 157 parents. The children’s group consisted of 85 (54.14%) males and 72 (45.85%) females, aged 9 to 15 years. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were used to determine frequency distribution and percentages for all variables. A chi-squared (x 2) test was used to determine the association between variables and a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant for all the differences and associations. Results For the dentofacial appearance with no teeth irregularity or with severe teeth irregularity, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) (post-hoc tests—Tukey’s HSD) indicated that the difference is not statistically significant (p = 0.06) relative to rank matchin...
South European Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research, 2018
Introduction: Living conditions and socioeconomic status are the significant determinants of oral... more Introduction: Living conditions and socioeconomic status are the significant determinants of oral health. The research goal was to analyze the dietary habits of 12-year-old children in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Hercegovina. Another goal was to investigate the differences in food cariogenicity of children living under different socioeconomic conditions and to determine their relationship with the oral health. Materials and methods: The sample included 109 children, classified in groups of high, average and low socioeconomic status. Based on the survey and examination, data on nutrition and caries experience (DMFT index) were obtained. Results: There was a difference in dietary habits between children living under different conditions. Children of high socioeconomic status (SES) had a more favorable number of daily meals comparing to children of low socioeconomic status. The average DMFT index, as a measure of caries experience of 12-year-old children amounted 4.8(±3.2). Children of high socioeconomic status had significantly lower caries experience than those from average and low statuses (high SES DMFT 3,60±2,84SD vs. middle SES DMFT 5,28±3,83SD and low SES DMFT 5,47±2,53SD; p<0.05).
In this review paper we wanted to summarize all the aspects which could affect the behavior of th... more In this review paper we wanted to summarize all the aspects which could affect the behavior of the child patients in the dental office. At the beginning, the factors that are related to the child patients are mentioned. Various segments of child psychological, cognitive, physiological and other kinds of development are discussed. Also, the reasons for dental fear and anxiety (DFA) and dental behavior problems (DBP) were analyzed, and how the child dental patients could cope with them. Finally, types of patients according to their behavior in the dental office were discussed. Furthermore, the influences of child patients' parents were studied, including parenting styles, as well as factors related to dentist, dental team and the dental office. Finally, critical evaluation of administration of assets to measure the presence of DFA and DBP is provided. Every part of the text was corroborated by the results from our own and other authors ' recent bibliography data.
Aim: This was to establish the prevalence of MIH among 12year-old children in Bosnia and Herzegov... more Aim: This was to establish the prevalence of MIH among 12year-old children in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and to investigate its aetiological background and clinical consequences of MIH in a population with medium caries activity. Methods: MIH prevalence was determined as a part of the first national oral health survey in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2004, conducted on a gender-balanced sample of 560 12year-old children, in line with recommended criteria for MIH diagnosis and registration. The MIH sub-sample had been selected from the main sample and it included children with MIH and their control pairs. The two groups were matched in terms of gender, age, residence and birth. The examinees completed questionnaires to determine variables related to development of enamel defects in first permanent molars and permanent incisors. Clinical consequences were analyzed by comparing DMFT and treatment needs. The relationship between the number of affected teeth in maxillas and mandibles and any relationship between right and left side of the jaw was also analyzed. Results were analyzed using: percentages, arithmetic mean value, standard deviation, chi-square test, T-test 2 independent samples, T test for proportion, Pearson correlation, Mann-Whitney U-test, multiple regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of MIH among the 12-year-old children was 12.3%. An equal number of males and females were affected. The average number of affected teeth among children with MIH was 5.59 (SD±2) out of which 3.16 (SD±1) were the first permanent molars. The research revealed demographic predisposition to MIH. The examinees with MIH suffered more often from various diseases, particularly from tonsillitis and illnesses accompanied with high fever. With the exception of tonsillectomy, variables did not appear to be related to MIH. Conclusions: Based on the information about the early childhood illnesses and using multiple regression analyses, it was not possible to make a reliable prediction, whether or not a person would develop MIH. There is a clear need for further studies focused on aetiological factors in order to understand the development of MIH and adopt preventive measures for this clinically demanding condition.
The aim of this study was to assess caries prevalence and severity in preschool children in the F... more The aim of this study was to assess caries prevalence and severity in preschool children in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition, the relationship between the frequency and clinical types of early childhood caries and behavioral factors, oral hygiene and eating habits were assessed. Subjects and methods. An oral health survey was performed in line with the World Health Organization methodology and criteria. The research consisted of clinical examinations of children to determine dentition status, oral hygiene and severity of caries distribution according to Wyne's classification. Information about behavioral factors was collected by means of a questionnaire administered to parents/guardians. Results. The sample consisted of a total of 165 preschool children aged 3-5 years. Mean dmft (decay, missing, filled teeth index for primary dentition) was 6.79. The percentage of caries-free children was 17.0%. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between oral hygiene and eating habits, and also the frequency and types of early childhood caries. Conclusion. The present study demonstrates high caries prevalence in preschool children in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Community based preventive programs should be developed and urgently implemented, in order to achieve the WHO goals, improve oral and general health, thus improving the quality of life of these populations.
Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina), 2018
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) are present worldwide globally, as well as in children. These psych... more Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) are present worldwide globally, as well as in children. These psychological clinical entities in its progressive phase lead to avoiding of dentists and dental appointments, and consequtive impairments of oral health. If we ignore these facts, we would have the strenghtening of this relationship in a way of further oral health impairments and lost of dental hard and soft tissues, as well as appearance of dental phobia as the most negative form of psychological reaction to dental stimuli. Original CFSS-DS scale and its modifications, as the most used instruments for evaluation of DFA presence so far, showed various disadvantages. These were the reasons why we wanted to design new psychometric instrument for better evaluation of DFA presence in children compared to evaluation which the existed scales could offer nowadays, in a form of the Modified Version of CFSS-DS scale (CFSS-DS-mod scale). There were 809 schoolchildren from 8 cities of Bosnia and Herzeg...
The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude of dentists in Bosnia and Herzegovina ... more The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude of dentists in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) regarding signs and symptoms of child abuse and neglect (CAN), reporting procedure and level of education. Data were collected through a self-administrated structured questionnaire adopted and modified from previous studies. It was administrated to 300 dentists out of which a total number of 210 subjects were in final sample for statistical analyses. Response rate was seventy percent. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyze statistical differences in responses. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Dentists in BH are very rarely provided (80%) with training related to recognition and reporting of CAN. Sixty six percent of dentists had never suspected CAN in their practice. Only nine percent of dentists would report suspicious of CAN. Prevailing reasons for not reporting suspected case of CAN was lack of knowledge of the reporting p...
Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence i... more Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence in children and adolescents in index age groups on a national and regional level in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Materials and methods. The study was conducted during 2004 year for children aged 6 and 12, and during 2007 for adolescents aged 15. An oral health survey was performed on a total number of 1,240 children and adolescents in line with World Health Organization methodology and criteria. Results for caries prevalence and treatment needs were presented and discussed in this paper. Results. Mean dmft (decay, missing, filled teeth for primary dentition) for children aged six was 6.7 (SD±3.9) in that the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (88.8%), followed by extracted teeth (8.9%) and a small percentage of filled teeth (2.3%). In 12-year-olds DMFT (Decay, Missing, Filled Teeth for permanent dentition) was 4.2 (SD±2.9), Significant Caries index (SiC) was 7.7 (SD±2.9), the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (45.4%), followed by 42.1% of FT and 12.5% of extracted teeth. Among 15-year-olds the DMFT was 7.6 (SD±4.1), SiC was 9.2 (SD±1.2), and filled teeth constituted the major part of the index. Conclusion. The present study provides some evidence of relatively high caries prevalence and severity in comparison with Western European countries. It is necessary to devote more attention to the oral health of children and adolescents. Community based oral health promotion, preventive programs and preventive oriented public dental health care services should be made available and accessible to all children in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
... 2001;23:66-9. 7. Villalobos-Rodelo JJ, Medina-Solís CE, Molina-Frechero N, Vallejos-Sánchez A... more ... 2001;23:66-9. 7. Villalobos-Rodelo JJ, Medina-Solís CE, Molina-Frechero N, Vallejos-Sánchez AA, Pontigo-Loyola AP, Espinoza-Beltrán JL. ... Dietrich G, Sperling S, Hetzer G. Molar incisor hypomineralisation in a group of children and adolescents living in Dresden (Germany). ...
To present the prevalence of dental caries in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), to estimate the levels... more To present the prevalence of dental caries in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), to estimate the levels of salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli and compare them with caries prevalence in 12-years-old children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. A survey was carried out in 8 cantons of the Federation of BH (FBH) and in Republic Srpska (RS) in 2004. The final sample included 560 12-year-olds. The clinical examinations focused on dental status, expressed as DMFT index, and they were carried out by one examiner, following WHO standard methodologies. Additionally, the study involved 109 12-years old children from Sarajevo, divided in three groups, based on their socioeconomic background. For measuring lactobacillus and mutans streptococci (MS) count in saliva Dentocult LB and Dentocult SM-Strip Mutans were used. Levels of MS and lactobacilli were expressed as a score between 0 and 3, indicating very low to very high levels of SM and lactobacilli. The average DMFT of the 12-year-...
The main aim of this paper is to present epidemiological indicators of oral health among six-year... more The main aim of this paper is to present epidemiological indicators of oral health among six-year olds in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) and to analyze values of dmft index and dental treatment needs in order to identify differences in parts of the country. Another aim is to identify the needs from the public oral health care system in Bosnia and Herzegovina related to early permanent dentition by analyzing the condition of first permanent molars (FPM) as an indicator of oral health of permanent dentition. Survey was carried out in 2004 in 8 cantons of the Federation of BH (FBH) and in the Republic of Srpska (RS). Final sample included 560 participants aged six (mean 6.2, SD +/- 0.87). One dental team clinically examined all participants according to WHO methodology and criteria. The parameters used were: dmft index, DMFT index of first permanent molars (FPM), presence of sealants and treatment needs. A questionnaire about oral health habits had been administered. Dmft was 6.71 in that...
Objectives: To present the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal conditions, developmental def... more Objectives: To present the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal conditions, developmental defects of enamel and MIH in 12-year-olds in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Methods: A survey was carried out in 8 cantons of the Federation of BH (FBH) and in Republic Srpska (RS) in 2004. The fi nal sample included 560 twelve yearolds. The parameters used to measure oral health status were: DMFT index, SiC index, presence of sealants, community periodontal index and developmental defects of enamel index (DDE). Treatment needs were assessed as well as molar incisor hypomineralizations (MIH). One dental team clinically examined all subjects in line with WHO methodology and criteria, using plane dental mirror, standard CPITN periodontal probe under natural light. Results: The average DMFT of 12-year-olds was 4.16 ± 2.92. On the average, 91% of the 12-year-olds was affected with dental caries. The SiC Index was 7.41 ± 3.31. Among examined children, 5.7% had at least one tooth with a fi ssure se...
Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence i... more Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence in children and adolescents in index age groups on a national and regional level in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Materials and methods. The study was conducted during 2004 year for children aged 6 and 12, and during 2007 for adolescents aged 15. An oral health survey was performed on a total number of 1,240 children and adolescents in line with World Health Organization methodology and criteria. Results for caries prevalence and treatment needs were presented and discussed in this paper. Results. Mean dmft (decay, missing, filled teeth for primary dentition) for children aged six was 6.7 (SD±3.9) in that the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (88.8%), followed by extracted teeth (8.9%) and a small percentage of filled teeth (2.3%). In 12-year-olds DMFT (Decay, Missing, Filled Teeth for permanent dentition) was 4.2 (SD±2.9), Significant Caries index (SiC) was 7.7 (SD±2.9), the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (45.4%), followed by 42.1% of FT and 12.5% of extracted teeth. Among 15-year-olds the DMFT was 7.6 (SD±4.1), SiC was 9.2 (SD±1.2), and filled teeth constituted the major part of the index. Conclusion. The present study provides some evidence of relatively high caries prevalence and severity in comparison with Western European countries. It is necessary to devote more attention to the oral health of children and adolescents. Community based oral health promotion, preventive programs and preventive oriented public dental health care services should be made available and accessible to all children in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Background/Aim: The aim of the research was to examine the general attitude, knoweledge and pract... more Background/Aim: The aim of the research was to examine the general attitude, knoweledge and practice of pediatricians about caries in children of preschool age. Material and Methods: The research was conducted from November 2019 to the end of January 2020. The research consisted of a survey of pediatricians. The questionnaire consisted of 4 modules and 37 questions, which related to the attitude, knowledge and practice of pediatricians on the prevention of early childhood caries. Results: The majority of pediatricians (84.9%) stated that they assess the nutrition of their patients, while 32.1% of them always do oral health assessment, and half of them in the second month of the child's life; and 39.6% assess oral health only if there is a problem. The majority of pediatricians (86.8%) recommended the first dental examination, most often in the first year of the child's life (79.5%), and then every 6 months (43.5%). The majority of respondents did not required information abo...
Introduction: Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is a ubiquitous entity among dental patients in terms... more Introduction: Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is a ubiquitous entity among dental patients in terms of their prevalence and incidence. It is among the major clinical problems in dentistry. In addition, the differences in DFA prevalence were present considering the age and gender of patients and over time, but with some opposite reports. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of DFA presence in children concerning their age, gender, and over time. Methods: The survey sample comprised 200 of 9–12-year-old children. The DFA presence was determined twice by the modified version of the CFSS-DS scale (CFSS-DS-mod scale) during a 6-months long period between the first and the subsequent dental appointment due to the need for restorative dental treatment. The scale was applied before the restorative treatment started on both occasions. Results: The prevalence of DFA was 17.5% in the study sample and decreased over time. It was slightly higher in girls. Conclusions: The DFA prevale...
Dentalni strah i anksioznost (DSA) česti su u općoj populaciji, posebno među djecom i adolescenti... more Dentalni strah i anksioznost (DSA) česti su u općoj populaciji, posebno među djecom i adolescentima. Ti klinički psihološki entiteti neizbježno završavaju izbjegavanjem stomatoloških pregleda. Prisutnost DSA-e zabilježena je kod 23,9 % djece i adolescenata (1-3). To se ne može zanemariti u kontekstu prevencije i terapije oralnih bolesti. Propitujući mogućnosti moderne stomatologije da ispuni svoje ciljeve, taj problem u dječjoj dobi postaje sve složeniji. Znatan broj dječjih pacijenata izbjegava preglede kod stomatologa zbog DSA-e sve dok ne bude prekasno za preventivne tretmane te se tako posljedično narušava oralno zdravlje (2, 4). U nastanku DSA-e općenito, kao jednoga od emocionalnih ishoda stresa u stomatološkoj ordinaciji, većina dječjih pacijenata mogla je definirati za njih najintenzivnije specifične stresore. Tako postoje dvije skupine čimbenika za pojavu
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Background: As the pandemic time went by in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), various patterns toward... more Background: As the pandemic time went by in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), various patterns toward COVID-19 itself and its impacts, implementation of prescribed preventive measures among the team members, and those of their patients, including immunization process, have been revealed. These patterns were of both empirical and evidence-based kind and consequently formed dental personnel behavior. The aim was to evaluate and compare the COVID-19 status of dentists in B&H, implementation of prescribed preventive measures, and usage of various kinds of PPE, at the beginning of the pandemics and now, 2.5 years later, including dentists’ current vaccination status, and their opinions and attitudes toward the national COVID-19 economic impact on dental practice. Methodology: Study research was in a form of a cross-sectional longitudinally designed online survey and was conducted in two parts. Results and conclusions: Dental professionals in B&H had a high frequency of COVID-19 symptoms in t...
Objectives: Demarcated opacities (DO) on teeth affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH)... more Objectives: Demarcated opacities (DO) on teeth affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) were observed to investigate if parameters of DO existence and the number of teeth affected could be used to predict the progression of disease. Material and methods: In 2009, the MIH prevalence was 11.5% (n=51) among 446 subjects in Sarajevo, aged from 6 to 9 years. In subjects with MIH who gave consent for further participation (n=25), the teeth with DO were observed after a 12-month period. Results: our sample included 29 permanent incisors and 14 first permanent molars with DO. The number of teeth with light opacities was significantly higher than the number of teeth with dark opacities. Opacities were more numerous on surfaces which were not exposed to masticatory pressure. The size of tooth surface affected by DO occurrence ranged from 1.33% to 56.56%. The number of affected teeth ranged from two to six. A strong positive correlation between MIH progression and dark colored opacit...
Background: The most commonly used diagnostic tests for evaluation of the dental fear and anxiety... more Background: The most commonly used diagnostic tests for evaluation of the dental fear and anxiety (DFA) presence in children were psychometric scales, where interpretation in determining and using of their cutoff scores sometimes was not completely exact. Also, several studies have been conducted where the results were conflicting in terms of who better assessed the DFA presence-the children, their parents, or dentists. Objective: To determine the normative values in the child and parental versions of the Modified version of the CFSS-DS scale (CFSS-DS-mod scale) and to compare the ways in which children, their parents, and the dentist assessed the DFA presence in the dental office. Methods: Survey sample consisted of 200 children aged from 9 to 12 years, whose DFA presence was determined by the CFSS-DS-mod scale. Child parents answered to their version of this scale, and the dentist observed the child behavior in the dental office during the treatment using Venham Anxiety and Behaviour Rating Scales. Results: Parental version of the CFSS-DS-mod scale found to be reliable (Cronbach alpha = 0.955) and valid (67.87% of variance explained) instrument for assessment of the DFA presence in children. Two cutoff scores were determined in a child (37 and 43), as well as in a parental version of CFSS-DS-mod scale (36 and 44), respectively. Dentists assessed the DFA presence in child patients most accurately. Conclusion: The normative values of psychometric instruments should be considered prior to their use. The borderline area of DFA presence should also be taken into account in the future studies. Children could underestimate DFA existence by themselves while interviewing. Keywords: dental fear and anxiety, children, CFSS-DS-mod scale, normative values, types of informant.
AIM Research aimed to gather aepidemiological parameters of MIH from a sample of Sarajevo childre... more AIM Research aimed to gather aepidemiological parameters of MIH from a sample of Sarajevo children born between the years 1999 and 2003. Prevalence of MIH, distribution according to severity (mild vs. moderate/severe cases) and distribution according to phenotypes (MIH vs MH) were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study design: This was a cross-sectional, observational, aepidemiological study that was conducted on a sample of 446 children aged 6 to 9 years. It was conducted as a part of regular dental screening of children attending a randomly selected primary school in the Bosnian capital city of Sarajevo. RESULTS The overall prevalence of MIH was 11.5%. MIH prevalence varied between 19.9% of examinees born in year 2002 to 8.4% among those born in 2003. Number of teeth affected varied from 1 to 7. The average number of affected teeth was 3.82 ± 1.46. Demarcated opacities were recorded on 13.89%, post-eruptive enamel breakdown on 11.28% and atypical filling on 6.2% index teeth. Mi...
Objective The aim of this research was to examine the attitudes and perceptions of dentofacial ae... more Objective The aim of this research was to examine the attitudes and perceptions of dentofacial aesthetics among different age groups. Materials and Methods The sample consisted of elementary-school students from the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and their parents. This study included 314 subjects: 157 children and 157 parents. The children’s group consisted of 85 (54.14%) males and 72 (45.85%) females, aged 9 to 15 years. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were used to determine frequency distribution and percentages for all variables. A chi-squared (x 2) test was used to determine the association between variables and a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant for all the differences and associations. Results For the dentofacial appearance with no teeth irregularity or with severe teeth irregularity, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) (post-hoc tests—Tukey’s HSD) indicated that the difference is not statistically significant (p = 0.06) relative to rank matchin...
South European Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Research, 2018
Introduction: Living conditions and socioeconomic status are the significant determinants of oral... more Introduction: Living conditions and socioeconomic status are the significant determinants of oral health. The research goal was to analyze the dietary habits of 12-year-old children in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Hercegovina. Another goal was to investigate the differences in food cariogenicity of children living under different socioeconomic conditions and to determine their relationship with the oral health. Materials and methods: The sample included 109 children, classified in groups of high, average and low socioeconomic status. Based on the survey and examination, data on nutrition and caries experience (DMFT index) were obtained. Results: There was a difference in dietary habits between children living under different conditions. Children of high socioeconomic status (SES) had a more favorable number of daily meals comparing to children of low socioeconomic status. The average DMFT index, as a measure of caries experience of 12-year-old children amounted 4.8(±3.2). Children of high socioeconomic status had significantly lower caries experience than those from average and low statuses (high SES DMFT 3,60±2,84SD vs. middle SES DMFT 5,28±3,83SD and low SES DMFT 5,47±2,53SD; p<0.05).
In this review paper we wanted to summarize all the aspects which could affect the behavior of th... more In this review paper we wanted to summarize all the aspects which could affect the behavior of the child patients in the dental office. At the beginning, the factors that are related to the child patients are mentioned. Various segments of child psychological, cognitive, physiological and other kinds of development are discussed. Also, the reasons for dental fear and anxiety (DFA) and dental behavior problems (DBP) were analyzed, and how the child dental patients could cope with them. Finally, types of patients according to their behavior in the dental office were discussed. Furthermore, the influences of child patients' parents were studied, including parenting styles, as well as factors related to dentist, dental team and the dental office. Finally, critical evaluation of administration of assets to measure the presence of DFA and DBP is provided. Every part of the text was corroborated by the results from our own and other authors ' recent bibliography data.
Aim: This was to establish the prevalence of MIH among 12year-old children in Bosnia and Herzegov... more Aim: This was to establish the prevalence of MIH among 12year-old children in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and to investigate its aetiological background and clinical consequences of MIH in a population with medium caries activity. Methods: MIH prevalence was determined as a part of the first national oral health survey in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2004, conducted on a gender-balanced sample of 560 12year-old children, in line with recommended criteria for MIH diagnosis and registration. The MIH sub-sample had been selected from the main sample and it included children with MIH and their control pairs. The two groups were matched in terms of gender, age, residence and birth. The examinees completed questionnaires to determine variables related to development of enamel defects in first permanent molars and permanent incisors. Clinical consequences were analyzed by comparing DMFT and treatment needs. The relationship between the number of affected teeth in maxillas and mandibles and any relationship between right and left side of the jaw was also analyzed. Results were analyzed using: percentages, arithmetic mean value, standard deviation, chi-square test, T-test 2 independent samples, T test for proportion, Pearson correlation, Mann-Whitney U-test, multiple regression analyses. Results: The prevalence of MIH among the 12-year-old children was 12.3%. An equal number of males and females were affected. The average number of affected teeth among children with MIH was 5.59 (SD±2) out of which 3.16 (SD±1) were the first permanent molars. The research revealed demographic predisposition to MIH. The examinees with MIH suffered more often from various diseases, particularly from tonsillitis and illnesses accompanied with high fever. With the exception of tonsillectomy, variables did not appear to be related to MIH. Conclusions: Based on the information about the early childhood illnesses and using multiple regression analyses, it was not possible to make a reliable prediction, whether or not a person would develop MIH. There is a clear need for further studies focused on aetiological factors in order to understand the development of MIH and adopt preventive measures for this clinically demanding condition.
The aim of this study was to assess caries prevalence and severity in preschool children in the F... more The aim of this study was to assess caries prevalence and severity in preschool children in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition, the relationship between the frequency and clinical types of early childhood caries and behavioral factors, oral hygiene and eating habits were assessed. Subjects and methods. An oral health survey was performed in line with the World Health Organization methodology and criteria. The research consisted of clinical examinations of children to determine dentition status, oral hygiene and severity of caries distribution according to Wyne's classification. Information about behavioral factors was collected by means of a questionnaire administered to parents/guardians. Results. The sample consisted of a total of 165 preschool children aged 3-5 years. Mean dmft (decay, missing, filled teeth index for primary dentition) was 6.79. The percentage of caries-free children was 17.0%. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between oral hygiene and eating habits, and also the frequency and types of early childhood caries. Conclusion. The present study demonstrates high caries prevalence in preschool children in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Community based preventive programs should be developed and urgently implemented, in order to achieve the WHO goals, improve oral and general health, thus improving the quality of life of these populations.
Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina), 2018
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) are present worldwide globally, as well as in children. These psych... more Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) are present worldwide globally, as well as in children. These psychological clinical entities in its progressive phase lead to avoiding of dentists and dental appointments, and consequtive impairments of oral health. If we ignore these facts, we would have the strenghtening of this relationship in a way of further oral health impairments and lost of dental hard and soft tissues, as well as appearance of dental phobia as the most negative form of psychological reaction to dental stimuli. Original CFSS-DS scale and its modifications, as the most used instruments for evaluation of DFA presence so far, showed various disadvantages. These were the reasons why we wanted to design new psychometric instrument for better evaluation of DFA presence in children compared to evaluation which the existed scales could offer nowadays, in a form of the Modified Version of CFSS-DS scale (CFSS-DS-mod scale). There were 809 schoolchildren from 8 cities of Bosnia and Herzeg...
The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude of dentists in Bosnia and Herzegovina ... more The aim of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude of dentists in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) regarding signs and symptoms of child abuse and neglect (CAN), reporting procedure and level of education. Data were collected through a self-administrated structured questionnaire adopted and modified from previous studies. It was administrated to 300 dentists out of which a total number of 210 subjects were in final sample for statistical analyses. Response rate was seventy percent. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyze statistical differences in responses. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Dentists in BH are very rarely provided (80%) with training related to recognition and reporting of CAN. Sixty six percent of dentists had never suspected CAN in their practice. Only nine percent of dentists would report suspicious of CAN. Prevailing reasons for not reporting suspected case of CAN was lack of knowledge of the reporting p...
Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence i... more Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence in children and adolescents in index age groups on a national and regional level in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Materials and methods. The study was conducted during 2004 year for children aged 6 and 12, and during 2007 for adolescents aged 15. An oral health survey was performed on a total number of 1,240 children and adolescents in line with World Health Organization methodology and criteria. Results for caries prevalence and treatment needs were presented and discussed in this paper. Results. Mean dmft (decay, missing, filled teeth for primary dentition) for children aged six was 6.7 (SD±3.9) in that the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (88.8%), followed by extracted teeth (8.9%) and a small percentage of filled teeth (2.3%). In 12-year-olds DMFT (Decay, Missing, Filled Teeth for permanent dentition) was 4.2 (SD±2.9), Significant Caries index (SiC) was 7.7 (SD±2.9), the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (45.4%), followed by 42.1% of FT and 12.5% of extracted teeth. Among 15-year-olds the DMFT was 7.6 (SD±4.1), SiC was 9.2 (SD±1.2), and filled teeth constituted the major part of the index. Conclusion. The present study provides some evidence of relatively high caries prevalence and severity in comparison with Western European countries. It is necessary to devote more attention to the oral health of children and adolescents. Community based oral health promotion, preventive programs and preventive oriented public dental health care services should be made available and accessible to all children in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
... 2001;23:66-9. 7. Villalobos-Rodelo JJ, Medina-Solís CE, Molina-Frechero N, Vallejos-Sánchez A... more ... 2001;23:66-9. 7. Villalobos-Rodelo JJ, Medina-Solís CE, Molina-Frechero N, Vallejos-Sánchez AA, Pontigo-Loyola AP, Espinoza-Beltrán JL. ... Dietrich G, Sperling S, Hetzer G. Molar incisor hypomineralisation in a group of children and adolescents living in Dresden (Germany). ...
To present the prevalence of dental caries in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), to estimate the levels... more To present the prevalence of dental caries in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), to estimate the levels of salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli and compare them with caries prevalence in 12-years-old children from different socioeconomic backgrounds. A survey was carried out in 8 cantons of the Federation of BH (FBH) and in Republic Srpska (RS) in 2004. The final sample included 560 12-year-olds. The clinical examinations focused on dental status, expressed as DMFT index, and they were carried out by one examiner, following WHO standard methodologies. Additionally, the study involved 109 12-years old children from Sarajevo, divided in three groups, based on their socioeconomic background. For measuring lactobacillus and mutans streptococci (MS) count in saliva Dentocult LB and Dentocult SM-Strip Mutans were used. Levels of MS and lactobacilli were expressed as a score between 0 and 3, indicating very low to very high levels of SM and lactobacilli. The average DMFT of the 12-year-...
The main aim of this paper is to present epidemiological indicators of oral health among six-year... more The main aim of this paper is to present epidemiological indicators of oral health among six-year olds in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) and to analyze values of dmft index and dental treatment needs in order to identify differences in parts of the country. Another aim is to identify the needs from the public oral health care system in Bosnia and Herzegovina related to early permanent dentition by analyzing the condition of first permanent molars (FPM) as an indicator of oral health of permanent dentition. Survey was carried out in 2004 in 8 cantons of the Federation of BH (FBH) and in the Republic of Srpska (RS). Final sample included 560 participants aged six (mean 6.2, SD +/- 0.87). One dental team clinically examined all participants according to WHO methodology and criteria. The parameters used were: dmft index, DMFT index of first permanent molars (FPM), presence of sealants and treatment needs. A questionnaire about oral health habits had been administered. Dmft was 6.71 in that...
Objectives: To present the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal conditions, developmental def... more Objectives: To present the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal conditions, developmental defects of enamel and MIH in 12-year-olds in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Methods: A survey was carried out in 8 cantons of the Federation of BH (FBH) and in Republic Srpska (RS) in 2004. The fi nal sample included 560 twelve yearolds. The parameters used to measure oral health status were: DMFT index, SiC index, presence of sealants, community periodontal index and developmental defects of enamel index (DDE). Treatment needs were assessed as well as molar incisor hypomineralizations (MIH). One dental team clinically examined all subjects in line with WHO methodology and criteria, using plane dental mirror, standard CPITN periodontal probe under natural light. Results: The average DMFT of 12-year-olds was 4.16 ± 2.92. On the average, 91% of the 12-year-olds was affected with dental caries. The SiC Index was 7.41 ± 3.31. Among examined children, 5.7% had at least one tooth with a fi ssure se...
Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence i... more Objective. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological parameters of caries prevalence in children and adolescents in index age groups on a national and regional level in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH). Materials and methods. The study was conducted during 2004 year for children aged 6 and 12, and during 2007 for adolescents aged 15. An oral health survey was performed on a total number of 1,240 children and adolescents in line with World Health Organization methodology and criteria. Results for caries prevalence and treatment needs were presented and discussed in this paper. Results. Mean dmft (decay, missing, filled teeth for primary dentition) for children aged six was 6.7 (SD±3.9) in that the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (88.8%), followed by extracted teeth (8.9%) and a small percentage of filled teeth (2.3%). In 12-year-olds DMFT (Decay, Missing, Filled Teeth for permanent dentition) was 4.2 (SD±2.9), Significant Caries index (SiC) was 7.7 (SD±2.9), the decayed teeth constituted the major part of the index (45.4%), followed by 42.1% of FT and 12.5% of extracted teeth. Among 15-year-olds the DMFT was 7.6 (SD±4.1), SiC was 9.2 (SD±1.2), and filled teeth constituted the major part of the index. Conclusion. The present study provides some evidence of relatively high caries prevalence and severity in comparison with Western European countries. It is necessary to devote more attention to the oral health of children and adolescents. Community based oral health promotion, preventive programs and preventive oriented public dental health care services should be made available and accessible to all children in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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