In K-12 school settings in the United States, there is a preponderance of information delivered v... more In K-12 school settings in the United States, there is a preponderance of information delivered via multimedia to students everyday (e.g., visual aids found in science textbooks, electronic tablets, streamed video content, web pages, animations, and PowerPoint presentations). The cognitive theory of multimedia learning (CTML) outlines numerous principles associated with learning from and with multimedia (Mayer, Hegarty, Mayer, & Cambell, 2005). However, the bulk of the research like the CTML has been conducted using college age students (Jones, 2010; McTigue, 2009). There is ample evidence that college age students and younger students exhibit numerous and important differences when learning from multimedia content (Hannus & Hyona, 1999; McTique, 2009; Moreno, 2007; Van Parreren, 1983). As a result, the objective of the current study is to examine the influence of multimedia presentations that leverage motion (present or absent) in conjunction with signaling cues (present or absent)...
In this symposium, we will present an overview of creative and disciplinary uses of digital video... more In this symposium, we will present an overview of creative and disciplinary uses of digital video in teacher education. Eight presenters will introduce a theoretical context for their work and vignettes from their projects. Mishra & Koehler's (2006) assertion (ie, that the successful teacher is one that can draw from content, pedagogy and technology, forming a technological pedagogical content knowledge [TPCK] framework) will serve as a conceptual backdrop for all four presentations. The symposium will be organized with presenters ...
Eating disorders (EDs) constitute a considerable burden for individuals and society, but adequate... more Eating disorders (EDs) constitute a considerable burden for individuals and society, but adequate and timely professional treatment is rare. Evidence-based Digital Mental Health Interventions (DMHIs) have the potential both to reduce this treatment gap and to increase treatment effectiveness. However, their integration into routine care is lacking. Understanding practitioners' attitudes towards DMHIs for EDs is crucial for their effective use. To investigate the consensus among German ED treatment experts on the relevance of different in uencing factors for DMHI use in EDs. Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews with N = 24 ED experts (M age =41.96, SD age =9.92, n = 22 female) were conducted to explore attitudes, experiences, and expectations towards DMHIs. Ten interviews were used for this Delphi study. Content analysis identi ed 63 in uencing factors, grouped into three main categories: contextual conditions, design, and content of DMHIs. In two rounds, participants rated the factors' importance on 10-point scales. Group percentages and individual ratings of the rst round (n = 23) were presented in the second round (n = 21). Consensus was calculated for each item (de ned as IQR ≤ 2). Importance ratings were high across items (M = 7.88, SD = 2.07, Mdn = 8). In the rst round, a consensus rate of 48% was reached, with its most important (Mdn = 10) factors referring to data security, evidence base, technical requirements, usability, and to speci c DMHI content (psychoeducation, crisis intervention). In the second Delphi round, consensus was reached for 73% of the items. No consensus was reached for 17 items. The ndings on practitioners' attitudes and priorities have relevant implications for subsequent DMHI development, dissemination, and implementation strategies, indicating that the highest-rated factors should be highlighted in the process. Eating disorders (EDs) are serious mental health conditions with harmful consequences for affected individuals, severely impacting their quality of life, their families, and societies at large (1). Internationally, the main ED diagnoses of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are estimated to affect 8.4% of women and 2.2% of men during their lifetime (2). Their substantial disease burden and the high mortality of anorexia nervosa in particular (1, 3) underscore the importance of timely and effective treatment as a crucial public health objective. However, previous research indicates that less than a quarter of affected individuals receive treatment (4), and the treatment gap is particularly apparent in youth (5, 6), when the majority of EDs rst manifest (7). If treatment uptake occurs, it is typically preceded by several years of ED symptomatology (8, 9). Different structural (e.g. treatment cost, lack of access to specialists) and attitudinal barriers to help-seeking (e.g. stigma, poor mental health literacy) have been identi ed in previous studies, with greater impacts of attitudinal factors . Digital Mental Health Interventions (DMHIs) are assumed to reduce some of these barriers and, in turn, to improve treatment uptake, continuity, e cacy, exibility, and reach. Therefore, many countries have begun to develop policy frameworks regulating the integration of DMHIs into their healthcare systems in recent years . Within this context, the Digital Healthcare Act has been established in Germany in 2019, de ning a centralized process for the evaluation of speci c DMHIs (so-called "DiGAs") and -in case of approval -their reimbursement when they are prescribed to patients in the statutory health insurance system (13). Even though the utilization of DMHIs increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (14, 15), their integration into routine care has thus far been low (16,. Scepticism, concerns, and knowledge gaps in practitioners have been associated with the underutilization of DMHIs (18,. While more recent research suggests that German healthcare providers generally view DMHIs for EDs positively and acknowledge their potential (20, 21), almost 90% do not feel well-informed, and most have little experience with DMHIs (17). However, clinicians are regarded as central gatekeepers to patients' access to DMHIs (22). Identifying and addressing practitioners' needs and priorities is therefore essential for the successful implementation of evidence-based DMHIs. In order to gain insight into potential approaches for the improvement of ED-DMHI implementation, this Delphi study investigates the relevance of potential barriers and facilitators to the use of DMHIs for EDs in German ED experts. In particular, we aim to identify factors on which ED experts reach consensus and to provide descriptive information for each of the factors included in this study, which allows for the identi cation of consensual priorities in ED experts. Recruitment and sample A total of 24 clinical experts for ED treatment in Germany who were contacted via e-mail participated in the present study. They were invited to participate in a semi-structured telephone interview and a subsequent Delphi study with two rounds about their perspectives on DMHIs, speci cally for EDs. Potential participants were both identi ed via convenience sampling (i.e. contacts of the authors) and purposive sampling through an internet search. We recruited ED practitioners from various primary work settings (inpatient and outpatient clinics, practices), with different therapeutic orientations (psychodynamic, cognitive
Given the multitude of available options, citizens of a globalized, knowledge-based society must ... more Given the multitude of available options, citizens of a globalized, knowledge-based society must have the ability to locate, evaluate, and apply information across sources. Further, the manner in which information is consumed around the globe has become increasingly multimodal. Unfortunately, students are rarely presented with formal opportunities to engage in and with multiliteracies. As a result, there are very few opportunities for researchers to understand the nature of skills necessary to function in a multiliterate world. In serving this purpose, this chapter examines the multiliteracies associated with Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs). Specifically, it will examine the nature and affordances of the associated technologies as they pertain to the multiliteracies of consumption and production. A call for additional research with direct ties to education is also addressed.
While hypertext and the ideas surrounding it have clearly been around for decades (see Bush, 1945... more While hypertext and the ideas surrounding it have clearly been around for decades (see Bush, 1945; Nelson, 1965), the recent and unprecedented growth of contemporary technologies has afforded and necessitated their exploration, development, and deployment (McKnight, Dillon, & Richardson, 1991). Current estimates of the World Wide Web, the most prominent manifestation of hypertext today, indicate that it is comprised of over 60 million servers housing more than 11.5 billion indexed pages (Gulli & Signorini, 2005). This estimate does not account for content that is not indexable by search engines (e.g., Google), sometimes called the “invisible Web,” which likely exceeds the amount of indexed content by 400 to 550 times (Lyman & Varian, 2000). These statistics reflect a startling 60,000% increase in quantity in less than 10 years. In conjunction with the exponential expansion of hypermedia content afforded by the Web, there is also an increasing trend in Internet usage. Well over one b...
International Dialogues on Education: Past and Present, 2020
This article draws upon the cross-continental experiences of teacher educators in Australia, Germ... more This article draws upon the cross-continental experiences of teacher educators in Australia, Germany, and the United States to contextualize and connect localized experiences in each country in the education and training of teachers as glocal phenomena. Through a glocal lens, the paper suggests that the dynamics working against the successful education and training of teachers are multifaceted, locally significant, and globally consistent. Two relevant areas are considered, resonating in both the local contexts of the authors and in their global reach, connectivity, and consistency: 1) internal university resistance and fighting over funding, status, and role and 2) over-reliance on market economies that depend on cheap labor fueled by nationalism, neoliberalism, and xenophobia. The authors address issues related to enrollment, reduction, and accreditation within university-based teacher education and training programs as particular areas of common complexity before yielding to disc...
All video games, by design, are oriented in the narrative. Some games exemplify a colloquial noti... more All video games, by design, are oriented in the narrative. Some games exemplify a colloquial notion of narrative (e.g., MYST), while others seem less story-like (e.g., Tetris). From a literacy perspective, narrative extends beyond the story. Literacy, similarly, is more than discrete acts of listening, speaking, reading, or writing that is typically associated with narrative storytelling. Literacy, in its most inclusive and broad sense, involves the encapsulating, intertextual interactions between and among all modes of communication and their respective contexts. Literacy includes metacognitive skills, critical thinking skills, and social skills. More importantly, sociocultural influences and contexts undergird both games and literacy. Epistemologically, games are literacy events and researchers stand to benefit from understanding the ways the two domains are isomorphically related. This chapter is dedicated to establishing the relationship between the field of literacy and game-ba...
This investigation explored an alternative method of technology integration and ways to enable ed... more This investigation explored an alternative method of technology integration and ways to enable educators to judiciously use a wider range of games in their classrooms. Although many games have been created with educational objectives in mind (e.g., Quest Atlantis , Immune Attack , Democracy ), proportionally fewer games and simulations are linked to scientific content and standards. More importantly, wildly popular and widely available entertainment-based games with educational components (i.e., edutainment) do not necessarily promote scientific understanding. Generally the purpose of games is entertainment. However, issues may arise if they are marketed as promoting or having a strong basis in content. In this study, we examine the simulation game Spore , which exhibits flawed scientific assumptions and may promote numerous misconceptions if used “as is” with students. We examine how a simple pedagogical adjustment to in a middle school science class may overcome the existing and d...
Nevada Facts & Statistics • While Nevada encompasses more than 110,000 square miles, approximatel... more Nevada Facts & Statistics • While Nevada encompasses more than 110,000 square miles, approximately 85 percent of its residents live in one of two major metropolitan areas. Thus, STEM-related programs outside the urban areas of the state range from sparse to non-existent. • Within Nevada’s elementary schools, an average of only 15 percent of classroom time is dedicated to science instruction. • Mathematics, on the other hand, is a focus item due to the adoption of the Nevada Academic Content Standards for Mathematics.
Este artículo esta basado en datos empíricos de un compromiso investigativo de largo plazo de 16 ... more Este artículo esta basado en datos empíricos de un compromiso investigativo de largo plazo de 16 años en Chile. El programa de intercambio posiciona a estudiantes hablantes de español y a sus familias como los que saben, desafíando a educadores monolingües (en ejercicio y en formación) de los EE.UU. en sus creencias y puntos de vista que suelen marginar a los estudiantes inmigrantes y sus familias. Nos basamos en las narrativas de familias y educadores chileno/as y las de los participantes de los EE. UU., para exhibir el poder de un contexto que muestra a la posición del hispanohablante como deficiente, la cual domina el panorama de los EE. UU. Este artículo finaliza con una discusión sobre cómo el posicionar a estudiantes lingüísticamente diversos y ricos en conocimiento, apoya la competencia cultural.
Aim/Purpose: Most programs are designed with full-time doctoral students’ characteristics and nee... more Aim/Purpose: Most programs are designed with full-time doctoral students’ characteristics and needs in mind; few programs consider the unique needs of part-time doctoral students, including time restrictions, experiences during the program, identity development, and different professional aspirations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential differences between part-time and full-time doctoral students in their scholarly development, and how technology may serve as a communication and organization tool for individual and program support. Background: Built on the application of communities of practice, information and communication technology, and situated learning theory, this study sought to evaluate the potential differences among full-time and part-time doctoral students associated with their scholarly development in a traditional doctoral program at a large research-intensive university. Methodology: This study used independent samples t-test to evaluate the poten...
Researchers have called for additional empirical studies associated with video games. However, ev... more Researchers have called for additional empirical studies associated with video games. However, every game is novel in terms of mechanics, content, context, and agency; known variables may be operationalized differently based on the game involved. It is incumbent upon researchers to leverage or create the best tools when extracting data from games. This article models instrument development of a scale intended to catalog users’ actions in a novel context (i.e., the game League of Legends) using a mixed methods approach. Specifically, this work outlines data collection and validation strategies using an online social news aggregation, rating, and discussion resource (i.e., Reddit), involving multiple cycles to elicit expert input and queries to generate consensus from expert gamers, followed by analysis of responses and an exploratory factor analysis for scale construction. Reddit provided three unique functions relative to the process: (a) access to experts who informed the developme...
According to the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST, 2012), there i... more According to the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST, 2012), there is a need to produce one million more STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) graduates in the U.S. over the next decade. Thus, more students must be recruited into and retained in STEM degrees of study. Because faculty are considered influential in students' choices to pursue and remain in STEM disciplines, we interviewed university STEM faculty in order to identify their perceptions of student recruitment and retention in STEM fields. Our data indicate that faculty are generally unaware of or not worried about the need to produce additional STEM graduates. Additionally, faculty seem to be unaware of the actions they might take to positively influence STEM recruitment and retention at the post-secondary level. Here, we specifically discuss faculty perceptions of (1) the gap between the number of STEM graduates and the number of STEM workers available for STEM-related jobs, (2) why students may not be going into or remaining in STEM fields, and (3) their own roles in recruiting and retaining students in STEM fields.
In K-12 school settings in the United States, there is a preponderance of information delivered v... more In K-12 school settings in the United States, there is a preponderance of information delivered via multimedia to students everyday (e.g., visual aids found in science textbooks, electronic tablets, streamed video content, web pages, animations, and PowerPoint presentations). The cognitive theory of multimedia learning (CTML) outlines numerous principles associated with learning from and with multimedia (Mayer, Hegarty, Mayer, & Cambell, 2005). However, the bulk of the research like the CTML has been conducted using college age students (Jones, 2010; McTigue, 2009). There is ample evidence that college age students and younger students exhibit numerous and important differences when learning from multimedia content (Hannus & Hyona, 1999; McTique, 2009; Moreno, 2007; Van Parreren, 1983). As a result, the objective of the current study is to examine the influence of multimedia presentations that leverage motion (present or absent) in conjunction with signaling cues (present or absent)...
In this symposium, we will present an overview of creative and disciplinary uses of digital video... more In this symposium, we will present an overview of creative and disciplinary uses of digital video in teacher education. Eight presenters will introduce a theoretical context for their work and vignettes from their projects. Mishra & Koehler's (2006) assertion (ie, that the successful teacher is one that can draw from content, pedagogy and technology, forming a technological pedagogical content knowledge [TPCK] framework) will serve as a conceptual backdrop for all four presentations. The symposium will be organized with presenters ...
Eating disorders (EDs) constitute a considerable burden for individuals and society, but adequate... more Eating disorders (EDs) constitute a considerable burden for individuals and society, but adequate and timely professional treatment is rare. Evidence-based Digital Mental Health Interventions (DMHIs) have the potential both to reduce this treatment gap and to increase treatment effectiveness. However, their integration into routine care is lacking. Understanding practitioners' attitudes towards DMHIs for EDs is crucial for their effective use. To investigate the consensus among German ED treatment experts on the relevance of different in uencing factors for DMHI use in EDs. Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews with N = 24 ED experts (M age =41.96, SD age =9.92, n = 22 female) were conducted to explore attitudes, experiences, and expectations towards DMHIs. Ten interviews were used for this Delphi study. Content analysis identi ed 63 in uencing factors, grouped into three main categories: contextual conditions, design, and content of DMHIs. In two rounds, participants rated the factors' importance on 10-point scales. Group percentages and individual ratings of the rst round (n = 23) were presented in the second round (n = 21). Consensus was calculated for each item (de ned as IQR ≤ 2). Importance ratings were high across items (M = 7.88, SD = 2.07, Mdn = 8). In the rst round, a consensus rate of 48% was reached, with its most important (Mdn = 10) factors referring to data security, evidence base, technical requirements, usability, and to speci c DMHI content (psychoeducation, crisis intervention). In the second Delphi round, consensus was reached for 73% of the items. No consensus was reached for 17 items. The ndings on practitioners' attitudes and priorities have relevant implications for subsequent DMHI development, dissemination, and implementation strategies, indicating that the highest-rated factors should be highlighted in the process. Eating disorders (EDs) are serious mental health conditions with harmful consequences for affected individuals, severely impacting their quality of life, their families, and societies at large (1). Internationally, the main ED diagnoses of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are estimated to affect 8.4% of women and 2.2% of men during their lifetime (2). Their substantial disease burden and the high mortality of anorexia nervosa in particular (1, 3) underscore the importance of timely and effective treatment as a crucial public health objective. However, previous research indicates that less than a quarter of affected individuals receive treatment (4), and the treatment gap is particularly apparent in youth (5, 6), when the majority of EDs rst manifest (7). If treatment uptake occurs, it is typically preceded by several years of ED symptomatology (8, 9). Different structural (e.g. treatment cost, lack of access to specialists) and attitudinal barriers to help-seeking (e.g. stigma, poor mental health literacy) have been identi ed in previous studies, with greater impacts of attitudinal factors . Digital Mental Health Interventions (DMHIs) are assumed to reduce some of these barriers and, in turn, to improve treatment uptake, continuity, e cacy, exibility, and reach. Therefore, many countries have begun to develop policy frameworks regulating the integration of DMHIs into their healthcare systems in recent years . Within this context, the Digital Healthcare Act has been established in Germany in 2019, de ning a centralized process for the evaluation of speci c DMHIs (so-called "DiGAs") and -in case of approval -their reimbursement when they are prescribed to patients in the statutory health insurance system (13). Even though the utilization of DMHIs increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (14, 15), their integration into routine care has thus far been low (16,. Scepticism, concerns, and knowledge gaps in practitioners have been associated with the underutilization of DMHIs (18,. While more recent research suggests that German healthcare providers generally view DMHIs for EDs positively and acknowledge their potential (20, 21), almost 90% do not feel well-informed, and most have little experience with DMHIs (17). However, clinicians are regarded as central gatekeepers to patients' access to DMHIs (22). Identifying and addressing practitioners' needs and priorities is therefore essential for the successful implementation of evidence-based DMHIs. In order to gain insight into potential approaches for the improvement of ED-DMHI implementation, this Delphi study investigates the relevance of potential barriers and facilitators to the use of DMHIs for EDs in German ED experts. In particular, we aim to identify factors on which ED experts reach consensus and to provide descriptive information for each of the factors included in this study, which allows for the identi cation of consensual priorities in ED experts. Recruitment and sample A total of 24 clinical experts for ED treatment in Germany who were contacted via e-mail participated in the present study. They were invited to participate in a semi-structured telephone interview and a subsequent Delphi study with two rounds about their perspectives on DMHIs, speci cally for EDs. Potential participants were both identi ed via convenience sampling (i.e. contacts of the authors) and purposive sampling through an internet search. We recruited ED practitioners from various primary work settings (inpatient and outpatient clinics, practices), with different therapeutic orientations (psychodynamic, cognitive
Given the multitude of available options, citizens of a globalized, knowledge-based society must ... more Given the multitude of available options, citizens of a globalized, knowledge-based society must have the ability to locate, evaluate, and apply information across sources. Further, the manner in which information is consumed around the globe has become increasingly multimodal. Unfortunately, students are rarely presented with formal opportunities to engage in and with multiliteracies. As a result, there are very few opportunities for researchers to understand the nature of skills necessary to function in a multiliterate world. In serving this purpose, this chapter examines the multiliteracies associated with Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs). Specifically, it will examine the nature and affordances of the associated technologies as they pertain to the multiliteracies of consumption and production. A call for additional research with direct ties to education is also addressed.
While hypertext and the ideas surrounding it have clearly been around for decades (see Bush, 1945... more While hypertext and the ideas surrounding it have clearly been around for decades (see Bush, 1945; Nelson, 1965), the recent and unprecedented growth of contemporary technologies has afforded and necessitated their exploration, development, and deployment (McKnight, Dillon, & Richardson, 1991). Current estimates of the World Wide Web, the most prominent manifestation of hypertext today, indicate that it is comprised of over 60 million servers housing more than 11.5 billion indexed pages (Gulli & Signorini, 2005). This estimate does not account for content that is not indexable by search engines (e.g., Google), sometimes called the “invisible Web,” which likely exceeds the amount of indexed content by 400 to 550 times (Lyman & Varian, 2000). These statistics reflect a startling 60,000% increase in quantity in less than 10 years. In conjunction with the exponential expansion of hypermedia content afforded by the Web, there is also an increasing trend in Internet usage. Well over one b...
International Dialogues on Education: Past and Present, 2020
This article draws upon the cross-continental experiences of teacher educators in Australia, Germ... more This article draws upon the cross-continental experiences of teacher educators in Australia, Germany, and the United States to contextualize and connect localized experiences in each country in the education and training of teachers as glocal phenomena. Through a glocal lens, the paper suggests that the dynamics working against the successful education and training of teachers are multifaceted, locally significant, and globally consistent. Two relevant areas are considered, resonating in both the local contexts of the authors and in their global reach, connectivity, and consistency: 1) internal university resistance and fighting over funding, status, and role and 2) over-reliance on market economies that depend on cheap labor fueled by nationalism, neoliberalism, and xenophobia. The authors address issues related to enrollment, reduction, and accreditation within university-based teacher education and training programs as particular areas of common complexity before yielding to disc...
All video games, by design, are oriented in the narrative. Some games exemplify a colloquial noti... more All video games, by design, are oriented in the narrative. Some games exemplify a colloquial notion of narrative (e.g., MYST), while others seem less story-like (e.g., Tetris). From a literacy perspective, narrative extends beyond the story. Literacy, similarly, is more than discrete acts of listening, speaking, reading, or writing that is typically associated with narrative storytelling. Literacy, in its most inclusive and broad sense, involves the encapsulating, intertextual interactions between and among all modes of communication and their respective contexts. Literacy includes metacognitive skills, critical thinking skills, and social skills. More importantly, sociocultural influences and contexts undergird both games and literacy. Epistemologically, games are literacy events and researchers stand to benefit from understanding the ways the two domains are isomorphically related. This chapter is dedicated to establishing the relationship between the field of literacy and game-ba...
This investigation explored an alternative method of technology integration and ways to enable ed... more This investigation explored an alternative method of technology integration and ways to enable educators to judiciously use a wider range of games in their classrooms. Although many games have been created with educational objectives in mind (e.g., Quest Atlantis , Immune Attack , Democracy ), proportionally fewer games and simulations are linked to scientific content and standards. More importantly, wildly popular and widely available entertainment-based games with educational components (i.e., edutainment) do not necessarily promote scientific understanding. Generally the purpose of games is entertainment. However, issues may arise if they are marketed as promoting or having a strong basis in content. In this study, we examine the simulation game Spore , which exhibits flawed scientific assumptions and may promote numerous misconceptions if used “as is” with students. We examine how a simple pedagogical adjustment to in a middle school science class may overcome the existing and d...
Nevada Facts & Statistics • While Nevada encompasses more than 110,000 square miles, approximatel... more Nevada Facts & Statistics • While Nevada encompasses more than 110,000 square miles, approximately 85 percent of its residents live in one of two major metropolitan areas. Thus, STEM-related programs outside the urban areas of the state range from sparse to non-existent. • Within Nevada’s elementary schools, an average of only 15 percent of classroom time is dedicated to science instruction. • Mathematics, on the other hand, is a focus item due to the adoption of the Nevada Academic Content Standards for Mathematics.
Este artículo esta basado en datos empíricos de un compromiso investigativo de largo plazo de 16 ... more Este artículo esta basado en datos empíricos de un compromiso investigativo de largo plazo de 16 años en Chile. El programa de intercambio posiciona a estudiantes hablantes de español y a sus familias como los que saben, desafíando a educadores monolingües (en ejercicio y en formación) de los EE.UU. en sus creencias y puntos de vista que suelen marginar a los estudiantes inmigrantes y sus familias. Nos basamos en las narrativas de familias y educadores chileno/as y las de los participantes de los EE. UU., para exhibir el poder de un contexto que muestra a la posición del hispanohablante como deficiente, la cual domina el panorama de los EE. UU. Este artículo finaliza con una discusión sobre cómo el posicionar a estudiantes lingüísticamente diversos y ricos en conocimiento, apoya la competencia cultural.
Aim/Purpose: Most programs are designed with full-time doctoral students’ characteristics and nee... more Aim/Purpose: Most programs are designed with full-time doctoral students’ characteristics and needs in mind; few programs consider the unique needs of part-time doctoral students, including time restrictions, experiences during the program, identity development, and different professional aspirations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential differences between part-time and full-time doctoral students in their scholarly development, and how technology may serve as a communication and organization tool for individual and program support. Background: Built on the application of communities of practice, information and communication technology, and situated learning theory, this study sought to evaluate the potential differences among full-time and part-time doctoral students associated with their scholarly development in a traditional doctoral program at a large research-intensive university. Methodology: This study used independent samples t-test to evaluate the poten...
Researchers have called for additional empirical studies associated with video games. However, ev... more Researchers have called for additional empirical studies associated with video games. However, every game is novel in terms of mechanics, content, context, and agency; known variables may be operationalized differently based on the game involved. It is incumbent upon researchers to leverage or create the best tools when extracting data from games. This article models instrument development of a scale intended to catalog users’ actions in a novel context (i.e., the game League of Legends) using a mixed methods approach. Specifically, this work outlines data collection and validation strategies using an online social news aggregation, rating, and discussion resource (i.e., Reddit), involving multiple cycles to elicit expert input and queries to generate consensus from expert gamers, followed by analysis of responses and an exploratory factor analysis for scale construction. Reddit provided three unique functions relative to the process: (a) access to experts who informed the developme...
According to the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST, 2012), there i... more According to the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST, 2012), there is a need to produce one million more STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) graduates in the U.S. over the next decade. Thus, more students must be recruited into and retained in STEM degrees of study. Because faculty are considered influential in students' choices to pursue and remain in STEM disciplines, we interviewed university STEM faculty in order to identify their perceptions of student recruitment and retention in STEM fields. Our data indicate that faculty are generally unaware of or not worried about the need to produce additional STEM graduates. Additionally, faculty seem to be unaware of the actions they might take to positively influence STEM recruitment and retention at the post-secondary level. Here, we specifically discuss faculty perceptions of (1) the gap between the number of STEM graduates and the number of STEM workers available for STEM-related jobs, (2) why students may not be going into or remaining in STEM fields, and (3) their own roles in recruiting and retaining students in STEM fields.
As members of a knowledge society, users must identify, evaluate, and utilize information from a ... more As members of a knowledge society, users must identify, evaluate, and utilize information from a variety of texts, across a sundry of resources. Although these skills are vital for productive citizenship in a post-typographic world, there are few investigations that examine multiple text comprehension in highly complex environments. As a result, this research describes the manner in which gamers engage in multiple text comprehension and intertextual practices within the context of the World of Warcraft. This context is highly complex, rich in information, and supports multiple modes of communication. The literacy skills used by gamers in this environment provide us with a more complete understanding of multiple text comprehension overall and within similar complex environments.
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