The photochemical and photophysical properties of the polymers {(vpy-CH 3 + ) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phe... more The photochemical and photophysical properties of the polymers {(vpy-CH 3 + ) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + } 200 (vpy ) vinyl pyridine, phen ) 1,10-phenanthroline) have been investigated in solution phase and compared to those of a related polymer, {(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + } 200 , and monomer, pyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + . Irradiations at 350 nm induce intrastrand charge separation in the peralkylated polymer, a process that stands in contrast with the energy migration observed with {(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + } 200 . Electronically excited -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + chromophores and chargeseparated intermediates react with neutral species, e.g., 2,2′,2′′-nitrilotriethanol, and anionic electron donors, e.g., SO 3 2and I -. The anionic electron donors react more efficiently with the metal-to-ligand charge transfer excited state of these polyelectrolytes than with the excited state of pyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + .
The photochemically and thermally induced redox reactions of the (4-nitrobenzoate)Re(CO) 3 (azine... more The photochemically and thermally induced redox reactions of the (4-nitrobenzoate)Re(CO) 3 (azine) (azine ) 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2'-bipyridine, and (4-phenylpyridine) 2 ) were investigated by flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis. Processes characterized as intramolecular charge transfers from coordinated azine radicals to the 4-nitrobenzoate ligand and vice versa were observed in a 1-100 µs time scale by pulse radiolysis. In photochemical experiments, the conversion among metal to ligand charge-transfer excited states, i.e., from the Re to azine to the Re to 4-nitrobenzoate charge-transfer excited state, involves intermediates with lives of picoseconds. A mechanism for the conversions that incorporates intraligand excited states is discussed. S0020-1669(97)01241-X CCC: $15.00
from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3... more from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3 decreases from +397 to -17 cm-I. The larger molecules studied quench CO(u=l) at higher rates even though there are no closely matched fundamental frequencies.
from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3... more from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3 decreases from +397 to -17 cm-I. The larger molecules studied quench CO(u=l) at higher rates even though there are no closely matched fundamental frequencies.
The photochemistry of fac-ClRe(CO)âLâ, L = 4-phenylpyridine and 4-cyanopyridine, has been investi... more The photochemistry of fac-ClRe(CO)âLâ, L = 4-phenylpyridine and 4-cyanopyridine, has been investigated by monochromatic steady-state and flash photolyses between 400 and 229 nm. Two parallel photoprocesses, the photogeneration of the emissive MLCT state and the photoredox dissociation in (ClRe(CO)âL{sup +}, L{sup {sm_bullet}-}) products, have been observed with both compounds. A third photoprocess, namely, the photogeneration of a Re(I)-ligand biradical, has been observed only in photolyses of the 4-phenylpyridine complex. While this Re(I)-ligand biradical reduces Cu{sup II}(TIM){sup 2+} to the corresponding Cu(I) species, no such reaction is undergone by the MLCT state. Differences between the electronic structures of these complexes, shown by extended Hueckel MO calculations, were related to their intrinsic photochemical behavior. 54 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
Luminescence lifetime measurements of Eu(fod) 3 solutions in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and a... more Luminescence lifetime measurements of Eu(fod) 3 solutions in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and acetonitrile were performed at temperatures between 5 and 75°C. Ligand to metal charge transfer involving Eu(II) formation upon 300 nm steady state irradiations of Eu(fod) 3 solutions, besides the dependence of the difference in energy of the emitting 5 D 0 and the upper level support, photoinduced electron transfer as the main deactivation mechanism in the thermal quenching of the Eu(III) chelate.
The UV-Vis absorption spectra of 4-dimethylaminobenzyl radical cation (DMAB Å+ ) and 1,10-phenant... more The UV-Vis absorption spectra of 4-dimethylaminobenzyl radical cation (DMAB Å+ ) and 1,10-phenanthroline radical anion (phen ÅÀ ) were obtained by spectroelectrochemistry, flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis experiments on DMAB-CO 2 -Re I (CO) 3 (phen) and DMAB-COOH. DMAB-CO 2 -Re I (CO) 3 (phen) was shown to have remarkable reversibly/stable redox processes under electrochemical perturbations. An excellent agreement was observed between the spectrum of the radical cation DMAB Å+ obtained electrochemically and radiolytically. The in situ UV-Vis spectrum of the electrochemically reduced radical anions, phen ÅÀ , was compared with that obtained from the products of the reductive quenching of the corresponding photochemically excited states. Besides, the oxidative quenching of the Re I complex excited states by [Ni II (Me 6 [14]-aneN 4 )] showed the formation of [(DMAB Å+ -CO 2 )-Re I (CO) 3 (phen)] as the main primary product.
... Argent. 1987, 76, 601. 6. DO Martire, MR Feliz and AL Cappareili, Polyhedron, accepted for pu... more ... Argent. 1987, 76, 601. 6. DO Martire, MR Feliz and AL Cappareili, Polyhedron, accepted for publication. ... Soc. A 1971, 273. 8. RH Busey and OL Keller Jr, J. Chem. Phys. ... F. Basolo and RG Pearson, Mechanisms of Inor ganic Reactions, 2nd edn. John Wiley, New York (1967). 14. ...
ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance t... more ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance t... more ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The kinetics of complexation of Mn", Co n and Zn II by isocitric acid have been studied by the st... more The kinetics of complexation of Mn", Co n and Zn II by isocitric acid have been studied by the stopped flow method at 15, 25 and 35 ~ C, ionic strength 0.20 M (NaC104) and pH range 4.50-6.35. Under these experimental conditions, one process is observed for each system within a few seconds. A mechanism is proposed to account for the observed behaviour, which is associated with participation of the OH group in complex formation. Activation energies are also reported.
The kinetics of interaction of Mo20~ § with VO 2+ was studied in HC104 medium at 25 ~ C and ionic... more The kinetics of interaction of Mo20~ § with VO 2+ was studied in HC104 medium at 25 ~ C and ionic strength of 2 M by the stopped-flow technique. Under conditions of excess VO 2 + a reaction mechanism is proposed to account for the observed pseudo-first order kinetics. For the overall process, 1/2 [MozO4(H20)6] 2 § + VO 2 +~.~-C + H +, the equilibrium constant (K = 33 M 1/2) was determined by absorbance measurements.
The kinetics of complexation of Ni" by isocitric acid have been studied with the stopped-flow met... more The kinetics of complexation of Ni" by isocitric acid have been studied with the stopped-flow method, at 15, 25 and 35 ~ C, ionic strength 0.20 M (NaC104) and pH range 4.50-6.35. Under our experimental conditions, two processes are observed: the faster reaction takes place within the millisecond time range and the slower one within a few seconds.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies on acetonitrile... more Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies on acetonitrile solutions of the polymer {[(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 bpy] CF 3 SO 3 } 200 demonstrated that the Re(I) polymer molecules aggregate to form spherical micelles of radius R ) 156 nm. Coordination of Cu(II) species to the Re (I) polymer causes a decrease in the micelle radius and a distortion from the spherical shape. Besides, the coordination of Cu(II) species to the {[(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 bpy] CF 3 SO 3 } 200 polymer produces the quenching of the metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state by energy transfer processes that are more efficient than those in the quenching of the monomer pyRe(CO) 3 bpy + luminescence by Cu(II). Moreover, the kinetics of the quenching by Cu(II) do not follow a Stern-Volmer behavior. Conversely, the quenching of the MLCT luminescence of the Re(I) polymer by the sacrificial electron donor 2,2′,2′′-nitrilotriethanol, TEOA, follows a Stern-Volmer kinetics. A comparison is made between the quenching by CuX 2 (X ) Cl or CF 3 SO 3 ) and TEOA.
Polymers with general formula {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (tmphen) + ]} n {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (NO 2 -... more Polymers with general formula {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (tmphen) + ]} n {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (NO 2 -phen) + ]} m (NO 2phen ) 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline; tmphen ) 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline); vpy ) 4-vinylpyridine) were prepared and their morphologies were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Multiple morphologies of aggregates from these Re I polymers were obtained by using different solvents. Energy transfer between MLCT Reftmphen and MLCT RefNO 2 -phen excited states inside the polymers was evidenced by steady state and time-resolved spectroscopy. Current Förster resonance energy transfer theory was successfully applied to energy transfer processes in these polymers.
We have studied the reaction between pzÀCO 2 À Re(CO) 3 (bpy) and perchloric acid in acetonitrile... more We have studied the reaction between pzÀCO 2 À Re(CO) 3 (bpy) and perchloric acid in acetonitrile by following the UVÀvis and IR spectral changes in the reaction mixture. A fast equilibrium was found to be established between solvated protons, pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy), and the protonated intermediate [pzÀC(OH)OÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy)] + which finally yields pzÀCOOH and Re(CO) 3 (bpy)(CH 3 CN) + as reaction products. This intermediate has been characterized by UVÀvis and IR spectroscopies and by DFT calculations. The fully optimized DFT/CPCM structures for pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy) and [pzÀC(OH)OÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy)] + were compared with the X-ray structure of pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy). The structural parameters associated with the carboxyl group in the protonated intermediate are between those of pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy) and pzÀCOOH. Multivariate curve resolution methods were employed to obtain the spectrum of the protonated intermediate and the concentration profiles from the full matrix of time-resolved UVÀvis spectra. The proposed mechanism was numerically simulated by using RungeÀKutta methods. Model parameters were estimated by nonlinear regression fitting of the concentration profiles, yielding values of log(K) = 4.9 ( 0.3 and k = 0.16 ( 0.03 min À1 for the formation equilibrium constant and the decay rate constant of the protonated intermediate, respectively.
We have explored in this work the photo-and thermally-induced degradations of water soluble ligni... more We have explored in this work the photo-and thermally-induced degradations of water soluble lignin in aqueous homogeneous media. Coordination complexes, Al(III) phthalocyaninetetrasulfonate ([Al III (tspc)] 3À and tspc 6À = phthalocyaninetetrasulfonate) and Co III/II dimethylglyoximate (dimethylglyoximate = DMG À ) were used as catalysts of degrading processes with different mechanisms. The photodegradation was induced with visible light, k exc P 470 nm, and [Al III (tspc)] 3À as the photosensitizer of the ( 3R
The photochemical and photophysical properties of the polymers {(vpy-CH 3 + ) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phe... more The photochemical and photophysical properties of the polymers {(vpy-CH 3 + ) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + } 200 (vpy ) vinyl pyridine, phen ) 1,10-phenanthroline) have been investigated in solution phase and compared to those of a related polymer, {(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + } 200 , and monomer, pyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + . Irradiations at 350 nm induce intrastrand charge separation in the peralkylated polymer, a process that stands in contrast with the energy migration observed with {(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + } 200 . Electronically excited -vpyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + chromophores and chargeseparated intermediates react with neutral species, e.g., 2,2′,2′′-nitrilotriethanol, and anionic electron donors, e.g., SO 3 2and I -. The anionic electron donors react more efficiently with the metal-to-ligand charge transfer excited state of these polyelectrolytes than with the excited state of pyRe(CO) 3 (phen) + .
The photochemically and thermally induced redox reactions of the (4-nitrobenzoate)Re(CO) 3 (azine... more The photochemically and thermally induced redox reactions of the (4-nitrobenzoate)Re(CO) 3 (azine) (azine ) 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2'-bipyridine, and (4-phenylpyridine) 2 ) were investigated by flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis. Processes characterized as intramolecular charge transfers from coordinated azine radicals to the 4-nitrobenzoate ligand and vice versa were observed in a 1-100 µs time scale by pulse radiolysis. In photochemical experiments, the conversion among metal to ligand charge-transfer excited states, i.e., from the Re to azine to the Re to 4-nitrobenzoate charge-transfer excited state, involves intermediates with lives of picoseconds. A mechanism for the conversions that incorporates intraligand excited states is discussed. S0020-1669(97)01241-X CCC: $15.00
from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3... more from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3 decreases from +397 to -17 cm-I. The larger molecules studied quench CO(u=l) at higher rates even though there are no closely matched fundamental frequencies.
from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3... more from (1.75 f 0.32) X lo3 s-I torr-' for H 2 C 0 to (1.15 f 0.10) X lo5 s-I torr-' for D2C0 as AI3 decreases from +397 to -17 cm-I. The larger molecules studied quench CO(u=l) at higher rates even though there are no closely matched fundamental frequencies.
The photochemistry of fac-ClRe(CO)âLâ, L = 4-phenylpyridine and 4-cyanopyridine, has been investi... more The photochemistry of fac-ClRe(CO)âLâ, L = 4-phenylpyridine and 4-cyanopyridine, has been investigated by monochromatic steady-state and flash photolyses between 400 and 229 nm. Two parallel photoprocesses, the photogeneration of the emissive MLCT state and the photoredox dissociation in (ClRe(CO)âL{sup +}, L{sup {sm_bullet}-}) products, have been observed with both compounds. A third photoprocess, namely, the photogeneration of a Re(I)-ligand biradical, has been observed only in photolyses of the 4-phenylpyridine complex. While this Re(I)-ligand biradical reduces Cu{sup II}(TIM){sup 2+} to the corresponding Cu(I) species, no such reaction is undergone by the MLCT state. Differences between the electronic structures of these complexes, shown by extended Hueckel MO calculations, were related to their intrinsic photochemical behavior. 54 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
Luminescence lifetime measurements of Eu(fod) 3 solutions in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and a... more Luminescence lifetime measurements of Eu(fod) 3 solutions in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and acetonitrile were performed at temperatures between 5 and 75°C. Ligand to metal charge transfer involving Eu(II) formation upon 300 nm steady state irradiations of Eu(fod) 3 solutions, besides the dependence of the difference in energy of the emitting 5 D 0 and the upper level support, photoinduced electron transfer as the main deactivation mechanism in the thermal quenching of the Eu(III) chelate.
The UV-Vis absorption spectra of 4-dimethylaminobenzyl radical cation (DMAB Å+ ) and 1,10-phenant... more The UV-Vis absorption spectra of 4-dimethylaminobenzyl radical cation (DMAB Å+ ) and 1,10-phenanthroline radical anion (phen ÅÀ ) were obtained by spectroelectrochemistry, flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis experiments on DMAB-CO 2 -Re I (CO) 3 (phen) and DMAB-COOH. DMAB-CO 2 -Re I (CO) 3 (phen) was shown to have remarkable reversibly/stable redox processes under electrochemical perturbations. An excellent agreement was observed between the spectrum of the radical cation DMAB Å+ obtained electrochemically and radiolytically. The in situ UV-Vis spectrum of the electrochemically reduced radical anions, phen ÅÀ , was compared with that obtained from the products of the reductive quenching of the corresponding photochemically excited states. Besides, the oxidative quenching of the Re I complex excited states by [Ni II (Me 6 [14]-aneN 4 )] showed the formation of [(DMAB Å+ -CO 2 )-Re I (CO) 3 (phen)] as the main primary product.
... Argent. 1987, 76, 601. 6. DO Martire, MR Feliz and AL Cappareili, Polyhedron, accepted for pu... more ... Argent. 1987, 76, 601. 6. DO Martire, MR Feliz and AL Cappareili, Polyhedron, accepted for publication. ... Soc. A 1971, 273. 8. RH Busey and OL Keller Jr, J. Chem. Phys. ... F. Basolo and RG Pearson, Mechanisms of Inor ganic Reactions, 2nd edn. John Wiley, New York (1967). 14. ...
ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance t... more ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance t... more ABSTRACT ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The kinetics of complexation of Mn", Co n and Zn II by isocitric acid have been studied by the st... more The kinetics of complexation of Mn", Co n and Zn II by isocitric acid have been studied by the stopped flow method at 15, 25 and 35 ~ C, ionic strength 0.20 M (NaC104) and pH range 4.50-6.35. Under these experimental conditions, one process is observed for each system within a few seconds. A mechanism is proposed to account for the observed behaviour, which is associated with participation of the OH group in complex formation. Activation energies are also reported.
The kinetics of interaction of Mo20~ § with VO 2+ was studied in HC104 medium at 25 ~ C and ionic... more The kinetics of interaction of Mo20~ § with VO 2+ was studied in HC104 medium at 25 ~ C and ionic strength of 2 M by the stopped-flow technique. Under conditions of excess VO 2 + a reaction mechanism is proposed to account for the observed pseudo-first order kinetics. For the overall process, 1/2 [MozO4(H20)6] 2 § + VO 2 +~.~-C + H +, the equilibrium constant (K = 33 M 1/2) was determined by absorbance measurements.
The kinetics of complexation of Ni" by isocitric acid have been studied with the stopped-flow met... more The kinetics of complexation of Ni" by isocitric acid have been studied with the stopped-flow method, at 15, 25 and 35 ~ C, ionic strength 0.20 M (NaC104) and pH range 4.50-6.35. Under our experimental conditions, two processes are observed: the faster reaction takes place within the millisecond time range and the slower one within a few seconds.
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies on acetonitrile... more Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies on acetonitrile solutions of the polymer {[(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 bpy] CF 3 SO 3 } 200 demonstrated that the Re(I) polymer molecules aggregate to form spherical micelles of radius R ) 156 nm. Coordination of Cu(II) species to the Re (I) polymer causes a decrease in the micelle radius and a distortion from the spherical shape. Besides, the coordination of Cu(II) species to the {[(vpy) 2 -vpyRe(CO) 3 bpy] CF 3 SO 3 } 200 polymer produces the quenching of the metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state by energy transfer processes that are more efficient than those in the quenching of the monomer pyRe(CO) 3 bpy + luminescence by Cu(II). Moreover, the kinetics of the quenching by Cu(II) do not follow a Stern-Volmer behavior. Conversely, the quenching of the MLCT luminescence of the Re(I) polymer by the sacrificial electron donor 2,2′,2′′-nitrilotriethanol, TEOA, follows a Stern-Volmer kinetics. A comparison is made between the quenching by CuX 2 (X ) Cl or CF 3 SO 3 ) and TEOA.
Polymers with general formula {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (tmphen) + ]} n {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (NO 2 -... more Polymers with general formula {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (tmphen) + ]} n {[(vpy) 2 vpyRe(CO) 3 (NO 2 -phen) + ]} m (NO 2phen ) 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline; tmphen ) 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline); vpy ) 4-vinylpyridine) were prepared and their morphologies were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Multiple morphologies of aggregates from these Re I polymers were obtained by using different solvents. Energy transfer between MLCT Reftmphen and MLCT RefNO 2 -phen excited states inside the polymers was evidenced by steady state and time-resolved spectroscopy. Current Förster resonance energy transfer theory was successfully applied to energy transfer processes in these polymers.
We have studied the reaction between pzÀCO 2 À Re(CO) 3 (bpy) and perchloric acid in acetonitrile... more We have studied the reaction between pzÀCO 2 À Re(CO) 3 (bpy) and perchloric acid in acetonitrile by following the UVÀvis and IR spectral changes in the reaction mixture. A fast equilibrium was found to be established between solvated protons, pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy), and the protonated intermediate [pzÀC(OH)OÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy)] + which finally yields pzÀCOOH and Re(CO) 3 (bpy)(CH 3 CN) + as reaction products. This intermediate has been characterized by UVÀvis and IR spectroscopies and by DFT calculations. The fully optimized DFT/CPCM structures for pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy) and [pzÀC(OH)OÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy)] + were compared with the X-ray structure of pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy). The structural parameters associated with the carboxyl group in the protonated intermediate are between those of pzÀCO 2 ÀRe(CO) 3 (bpy) and pzÀCOOH. Multivariate curve resolution methods were employed to obtain the spectrum of the protonated intermediate and the concentration profiles from the full matrix of time-resolved UVÀvis spectra. The proposed mechanism was numerically simulated by using RungeÀKutta methods. Model parameters were estimated by nonlinear regression fitting of the concentration profiles, yielding values of log(K) = 4.9 ( 0.3 and k = 0.16 ( 0.03 min À1 for the formation equilibrium constant and the decay rate constant of the protonated intermediate, respectively.
We have explored in this work the photo-and thermally-induced degradations of water soluble ligni... more We have explored in this work the photo-and thermally-induced degradations of water soluble lignin in aqueous homogeneous media. Coordination complexes, Al(III) phthalocyaninetetrasulfonate ([Al III (tspc)] 3À and tspc 6À = phthalocyaninetetrasulfonate) and Co III/II dimethylglyoximate (dimethylglyoximate = DMG À ) were used as catalysts of degrading processes with different mechanisms. The photodegradation was induced with visible light, k exc P 470 nm, and [Al III (tspc)] 3À as the photosensitizer of the ( 3R
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