Bioquímica

Infectious due to methicillin-resistant community acquired Staphylococcus aureus is a public health problem of varying magnitude in different geographical areas of the world, representing a major burden on health systems. The debate on the initial empiric antibiotic therapy remains open. We present a case series of hospitalized patients with severe Staphylococcus aureus infections admitted to the pediatric intermediate care unit of Hospital El Cruce. Between May 2008 and December 2010, 43 patients were admitted. Sixty nine percent of isolated Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin-resistant. Although the difference was not statistically significant, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections required more days of hospitalization in critical care unit and developed more secondary sites of infection. Vancomycin, rifampicin and clindamycin were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics. There was a high resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to p-lactams in the series.

Presentación de casos clínicos RESUMEN La aparición de infecciones por Staphylococcus aureus (SA) meticilino-resistente (MR) de la comunidad es un problema de salud pública de variable magnitud en diferentes áreas geográficas del mundo. El debate acerca del tratamiento antibiótico empírico inicial permanece abierto. Nuestro objetivo es presentar una serie de pacientes hospitalizados con infecciones graves por Staphyloccocus aureus en la Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios Pediátricos del Hospital El Cruce. Entre mayo de 2008 y diciembre de 2010, se internaron 43 pacientes. El 69,8% de los SA aislados fueron MR. Aunque la diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa, las infecciones por SAMR requirieron mayor cantidad de días de internación en terapia intensiva y desarrollaron más focos secundarios de infección. Vancomicina, rifampicina y clindamicina fueron los antibióticos más comúnmente prescritos. Existió una alta resistencia de los SA a los β-lactámicos en la serie estudiada.

El evento embólico (EE) aumenta la morbi-mortalidad de la endocarditis infecciosa (EI). La prevalencia de EE oscila entre 22% y 50%, pudiendo ocasionar hasta el 25% de las muertes de los pacientes que lo presentan. El EE puede ocurrir previamente al diagnóstico, durante el tratamiento o bien posteriormente al mismo. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar las características demográficas, clínicas, microbiológicas, ecocardiográficas y terapeúticas, de pacientes con EI (con y sin embolias) para tratar de establecer variables predictoras del EE. Se realizó en el Hospital Italiano de La Plata, desde marzo de 1996 hasta diciembre de 2004, un estudio descriptivo observacional de una cohorte de pacientes con diagnóstico de EI. Se analizaron en forma retrospectiva 53 pacientes con EI (35 sin EE y 18 con EE). La presencia de vegetación (en el ecocardiograma transtorácico (ETT) y/o en el transesofágico (ETE) al momento del diagnóstico, el tamaño ³ 10 mm y el compromiso de la válvula mitral nativa, fue...

Background Current information regarding bacteriemia in patients with solid tumors is scarce Methods To assess the etiology, clinical features and outcome in patients with solid tumors and bacteremia, we carried out a prospective multicenter study. Episodes of bacteriemia in adult cancer patients in 9 centers, from May 2014 to February 2021, were recorded. To identify factors associated with 30-day mortality, variables with p < 0.05 in univariate analysis were included in a logistic regression model for multivariate analysis Results Three hundred and thirty-two episodes of bacteremia were included, with 51% being women (mean age 59). The state of underlying disease was: recent diagnosis 27%, remission 27%, relapsed 29% and refractory 17%. Seventy-three percent had received chemotherapy in the last 30 days, 25% were receiving steroids. Neutropenia was present in 23% (mean duration 3 days). The most frequent sources were: abdominal 39%, urinary tract 21%, respiratory 15%, catheter ...

Background: Gut microbiota analysis can help understand many diseases some of which, like inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity and diabetes are already established and the others are to be determined. Using this test for diagnostic purposes and establishing personalized care seems to become a routine procedure that needs standardization protocols. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in gut microbiota communities in samples taken from single case at different times and the effect of storing the samples in-20 • C before processing them. Methods & Materials: On the day 1 and the day 8, two stool samples were obtained from a single case, 40-year-old woman using insulin for the control of her Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. The first sample were processed in 2 hours and part of it was kept in-20 until day 8. The second stool sample was processed together with the frozen sample in 2 hours. DNA was obtained with fecal DNA extraction kit (QIAGENE). The microbiota was determined using Ion 16S rRNA Metagenomic Kit on Ion Torrent platform. The extraction were done as mentioned above and metagenomic studies were done for all samples in a single run and chip. The comparison of the results was done using t-test with SPSS (IBM) software. Results: Six phyla were determined: Bacteriodetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. Bacteriodetes and Firmicutes formed the majority of the bacterial population studied. Bacteriodetes were 57% in the 1st day fresh sample and 28% in the frozen one. Bacteriodetes ratio in 8th day sample was 44%. Firmicutes formed 35% in 1st day fresh sample, 38% and 19% in frozen and 8th day samples respectively. Proteobacteria ratios were high in frozen and 8th day samples: 31% and 36%. Proteobacteria formed 7% of bacterial population in the 1st day fresh sample. Tenericutes, Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia were below 1% in all samples. Conclusion: Gut microbiota analysis results although being variable, showed a basic level consistency. Microbiota testing can be a part of routine work up when standard protocols for sample preparation and processing are established.