Papers by Md Mominur Rahman
Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, 2024
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of diverse expertise types on audit quality, ... more The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of diverse expertise types on audit quality, providing valuable insights for corporate governance and enhancing the audit process. This research uses 651 firm-year observations for 2001-2021 year. This research applies Breusch-Pagan LM, Pesaran Scaled LM, Bias-corrected Scaled LM, and Pesaran CSD test to check the cross-sectional dependency of the series. The study uses second generation panel unit root tests to check the stationary of the variables. After applying the panel cointegration test, this study uses the long run estimation model and robustness checking to examine the relationship. The findings reveal that financial, accounting, and non-accounting expertise all positively and significantly affect audit quality, suggesting that audit committees with diverse expertise can effectively enhance the audit process. This study finds single-causal indicating that audit committee expertise improves audit quality. This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating experts from various backgrounds on audit committees to improve audit quality and increase stakeholder confidence in financial statements. This study implies that companies must focus on the expertise on the audit committee during the appointment of the members to maintain the quality of audit reports. This research is unique to the existing literature on audit committee expertise and audit quality by examining the influence of accounting and non-accounting expertise types in Bangladesh context and providing empirical evidence in support of the agency theory.
Environmental Challenges, 2024
In the backdrop of ongoing global efforts toward sustainable development, understanding the intri... more In the backdrop of ongoing global efforts toward sustainable development, understanding the intricate dynamics shaping economic growth is crucial. The study aims to comprehensively examine the interplay between financial inclusion, FinTech lending, energy poverty, and economic growth, with a specific focus on the moderating effects of energy poverty. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach, utilizing fsQCA and NCA for qualitative assessments and a range of econometric models, including Pooled OLS, Fixed Effects, Random Effects, 2SLS, and 2 Step System GMM, for quantitative analyses. The fsQCA and NCA provide in-depth insights into sufficiency and necessity conditions, while econometric models offer robustness checks with quantitative validation. The study finds that high access to electricity leads to less energy poverty that moderates the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth. Further, the study reveals that energy poverty moderates the influence of FinTech lending on economic growth. The fsQCA and NCA results suggest that energy poverty is a sufficient and necessary moderator for high economic growth. Further, the econometric models show that digital financial inclusion with less access to electricity may hamper economic growth. Further, FinTech lending has positively influenced economic growth. Finally, energy poverty as a moderator of financial inclusion and economic growth, as well as FinTech lending and economic growth is evident across the econometric models. While the impact of financial inclusion on economic growth is investigated thoroughly, the moderating impact of energy poverty is unique in this study. Additionally, the hybrid methodology applied in this study is original in investigating the complex nexus between financial inclusion, FinTech lending, energy poverty, and economic growth. The structural change theory, particularly in energy usage and financial systems, is central to the study's theoretical framework that suggests sound interaction effects of energy poverty with financial inclusion and FinTech lending leads to stronger positive economic growth. Thus, practically, the study underscores the significance of prioritizing energy infrastructure investments and tailoring financial inclusion initiatives to sustainable economic development, offering valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners.
Advances in Decision Sciences, 2024
Purpose-The research aims to discern the factors of online marketing that influence consumer inte... more Purpose-The research aims to discern the factors of online marketing that influence consumer intention and enhance satisfaction, particularly in the context of Bangladesh. Methods-The study uses quantitative data, targeting respondents from urban areas and cities from various socioeconomic classes. This study uses two-staged structural equation modelingartificial neural network approach. Initially, the analysis utilized the PLS-SEM method to assess the structural model. Finally, the analysis utilized the ANN approach to check the robustness of the findings. Results-The study's findings reveal that factors such as convenience, comparison, ease of use, and variety seeking significantly influence customer satisfaction in online shopping. Conversely, promotional activities and customer service were found to have less impact on customer satisfaction. Customers anticipate prompt and efficient service, and a failure to meet these expectations can strain the customer-seller relationship. Practical implications-This study presents an alternative business model without the need for physical store visits. However, despite the growth of internet technology in Bangladesh and its potential to provide products and services at lower costs, convincing customers to shop online remains a challenge for online traders in the country. Originality-This research offers a unique perspective on the dynamics of online marketing and consumer satisfaction in Bangladesh, shedding light on the factors that drive or deter online shopping in a developing nation using two-staged SEM-ANN approach. This provides actionable knowledge for decision-makers in online service provision, aligning with the quantitative methodology's characteristic of Decision Sciences.
Environmental Challenges, 2024
The rising importance of sustainability and accountability in organizations has prompted the expl... more The rising importance of sustainability and accountability in organizations has prompted the exploration of innovative approaches to enhance environmental performance and energy efficiency (ENE). The purpose of this research is to examine the extent to which environmental management accounting (EMA) and ENE practices contribute to accountability within state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Bangladesh. This study employs both symmetrical (PLS-SEM) and asymmetrical (fsQCA) approaches. The study verifies internal consistency, reliability, validity, common method bias, and collinearity issues through measurement model analysis and conducts path analysis after testing model fitness in structural model analysis. Finally, the study uses fsQCA to conduct indepth analyses of causal contributions from different conditions to a specific outcome of interest. The PLS-SEM analysis revealed significant positive relationships between EMA and ENE with transparency, responsibility, and answerability. These results indicate that organizations adopting EMA and ENE practices are more likely to exhibit higher levels of transparency, demonstrate greater responsibility towards environmental matters, and be more answerable to stakeholders for their accountability. Further, the study identified ENE as a mediator of EMA and accountability. Finally, the fsQCA analysis supported the importance of both EMA and ENE as necessary conditions for achieving accountability indicating the integration of EMA and ENE to foster transparency, responsibility, and answerability effectively. This study implies that by implementing EMA systems and focusing on energy-efficient operations, organizations can enhance transparency, responsibility, and answerability to stakeholders, fostering a positive image and reputation. Therefore, SOEs may consider integrating these practices into their overall sustainability strategies to maximize their impact on accountability and environmental performance.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2023
In today's global business landscape, the concepts of green financing and green tax have become p... more In today's global business landscape, the concepts of green financing and green tax have become pivotal instruments for fostering environmentally responsible practices. The purpose of 20this study is to comprehensively assess how green financing and green tax collectively influence CSR through various dimensions, including employees, customers, and communities. This research employs a partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach, which allows for a rigorous analysis of the complex relationships between the variables involved. Data is collected through surveys, enabling a quantitative evaluation of the impacts and interdependencies. The results indicate that green financing has a positive and significant impact on CSR through customer (β = 0.609), employee (β = 0.522), and community (β = 0.509) dimensions. The results also show that green tax has a positive and significant impact on CSR through customer (β = 0.183), employee (β = 0.182), and community (β = 0.296) dimensions. The findings of this study provide a deeper understanding of how green financing and green tax practices correlate with CSR, both separately and collectively. The implications of this research extend to multiple stakeholders. For businesses, the results offer strategic insights into how environmentally conscious financial practices align with CSR objectives. Policymakers can draw upon the findings to craft effective regulatory frameworks that incentivize sustainable business behavior. Additionally, stakeholders gain valuable insights into how businesses can harmonize economic success with environmental stewardship, promoting engagement with socially responsible entities. This research marks a distinct contribution to the academic landscape by delving into the synergistic impact of green financing and green tax on CSR, particularly within the distinctive context of Bangladesh. In doing so, it successfully addresses a noticeable void within the existing literature, providing fresh insights into the intricate dynamics and opportunities confronting businesses in developing nations.
Global Health Journal, 2023
Objectives Bangladesh stands as a prominent global consumer of tobacco, with alarming consequence... more Objectives Bangladesh stands as a prominent global consumer of tobacco, with alarming consequences on public health. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey reported that tobacco consumption claimed over 126 000 lives in 2018, contributing to 13.5% of all deaths in the country. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of higher tax rates and tobacco use regulation as control mechanisms in mitigating tobacco consumption and health care cost burden, with a particular emphasis on its implications for public health. Methods This study is based on the annual time series data over the period 2000–2020. The study employs the ordinary least square method to analyze the quantitative confirming the stationarity of data at level. This research uses different models to investigate individual effects and combined effects on both tobacco consumption and tobacco health care cost burden. Results The study finds a negative relationship between tobacco tax rate and tobacco consumption. More specifically, the higher tax rate of tobacco (low (β = −0.3495), medium (β = −0.2319), high (β = −0.9033), premium (β = −0.7322), filtered (β = −0.2114), and non-filtered (β = −0.3452) categories) is significant to reduce tobacco use at 1% level of significance. The study finds similar results when it applied tobacco retail price instead of tobacco tax rate as the independent variable. Finally, the study investigates the impact on health care cost through tobacco consumption, tobacco control law, growth rate, export-import, and tobacco production. The results indicate that tobacco consumption, export-import, and tobacco production increases health care cost burden while tobacco use regulatory decreases it. By reducing tobacco consumption, higher taxes and tobacco use regulation contribute to alleviating the burden on the healthcare system, promoting healthier lifestyles, and aligning with global health objectives. Conclusions Higher tax rate on tobacco products is necessary to increase the retail price so that tobacco users cannot consume tobacco. Specific tax and uniform tax base are needed so that tobacco users cannot switch to lower priced brands. Tobacco control laws need to revised and proper implementation should be ensured as well, to achieve the goal of tobacco free Bangladesh by 2040. Tobacco-related diseases, responsible for a significant proportion of deaths in the country, could witness a considerable decline with the successful implementation of higher tax rates and tobacco use regulation. This study provides insights that not only contribute to the economic discourse but also accentuate the broader public health benefits arising from effective tobacco taxation policies.
Energy Reports, 2023
This study examines the impact of green tax and energy efficiency on sustainability in the contex... more This study examines the impact of green tax and energy efficiency on sustainability in the context of Bangladeshi manufacturing companies. Three hundred eighty three responses were collected from manufacturing companies in Bangladesh, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data. The results show that green tax significantly positively affects environmental and social sustainability but not economic sustainability. Energy efficiency has a positive impact on all three dimensions of sustainability. Furthermore, energy efficiency mediates the relationship between green tax and economic, environmental, and social sustainability. The findings suggest that energy efficiency should be promoted as an effective means of achieving sustainability in manufacturing companies and that green tax policies can be enhanced by incorporating energy efficiency measures. This research contributes to the existing literature on sustainability by highlighting the importance of energy efficiency as a mediator between green tax and sustainability. The study's practical implications are discussed in relation to the Bangladeshi manufacturing industry, and suggestions are made for policymakers and company managers. The originality of this study lies in its focus on a developing country context and its examination of the mediating role of energy efficiency in the relationship between green tax and sustainability.
Millennial Asia, 2023
This study aims to investigate the relationship between trade openness and taxation in BRICS (Bra... more This study aims to investigate the relationship between trade openness and taxation in BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries. This study uses a panel dataset for 2000-2021 and employs various econometric techniques such as the cross-sectional dependence test, unit root test, panel regression selection criteria, robustness checking fully modified ordinary least square and dynamic ordinary least square to validate the research model. The study finds that trade openness positively impacts taxation in BRICS countries. Specifically, the study finds that trade freedom, trade ratio and average trade increase the tax-to-GDP ratio and tax collection. Additionally, the study finds that financial development (FDV), financial openness (FON), GDP per capita (GPR) and political stability (PLS) positively impact taxation, but inflation has a negative effect. The results imply support for comparative advantage theory, suggesting that trade openness can positively impact taxation. The findings also highlight the importance of FDV, FON, GPR and PLS for tax revenue collection. From a managerial perspective, the results suggest that policymakers in BRICS countries should prioritize measures that promote trade openness and economic growth to improve their taxation systems.
PSU Research Review, 2023
Purpose-The purpose of the paper is to investigate the association between corporate social respo... more Purpose-The purpose of the paper is to investigate the association between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and investment efficiency (INE) in Bangladeshi pharmaceutical companies and to explore the moderating role of corporate reputation in this relationship. Design/methodology/approach-The paper employs a two-step method, with stage 1 involving the development of a theoretical model using the literature's strategic framework and stage 2 using structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate the relationships between variables. The data set used in the analysis includes 296 responses from senior executives/managers and subordinates at Bangladeshi pharmaceutical firms. Findings-The study finds that CSR activities that focus on customers, employees and the community significantly affect INE, as well as the extended stakeholders, and that company reputation moderates this relationship. The effect of CSR on INE differs between well-established companies and business firms with favourable reputations. Practical implications-The paper contributes to understanding the relationship between CSR and INE in a developing country context and highlights the importance of corporate reputation in this relationship. The findings suggest that companies can enhance their INE through CSR initiatives and that a positive reputation can strengthen this relationship further.
Heliyon , 2023
The study examines the effect of rural women's participation in social media entrepreneurship on ... more The study examines the effect of rural women's participation in social media entrepreneurship on sustainable development in Bangladesh. The study collects 376 responses from the entrepreneurs of online clothing shops employing the simple random sampling technique. The data analysis was conducted using the PLS-SEM technique using Smart PLS 3.3v software. Developing the quantitative research design, the authors test the conceptual model by employing the deductive approach. The study finds a positive effect of women's participation in social media entrepreneurship on sustainable development within online clothing shops in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is capable of creating employment opportunities for rural women through ICT project offerings. Consistently this study also proves social media entrepreneurship increases women's contribution to their family income. Furthermore, this study finds that rural women's family income contribution positively affects sustainable development in Bangladesh. The study can help to achieve SDG 5: Gender Equality and Vision 2041 of Bangladesh at the earliest. Thus, the government, policymakers, and academics can use the study findings as a policy dialogue.
Social Responsibility Journal, 2023
Purpose-This study aims to examine the determinants of retailer social responsibility (RSR) in Ol... more Purpose-This study aims to examine the determinants of retailer social responsibility (RSR) in Old Dhaka City and their impact on RSR practices. Design/methodology/approach-A cross-sectional design was used to collect primary data from 180 retailers through a questionnaire survey. The study used partial least squares structural equation modeling to analyze the data and examine the relationships among the determinants of RSR. Findings-The study found that economic and ethical factors positively and significantly affect RSR practices, while social and environmental factors negatively but not significantly affect RSR practices. Cultural factors were also found to positively and significantly affect RSR practices. Practical implications-This study provides insights for retailers and policymakers to enhance their RSR practices by considering economic, ethical and cultural factors. The findings also contribute to the existing literature on stakeholder theory by highlighting the importance of considering multiple stakeholders in RSR practices. Originality/value-This study provides insights into the determinants of RSR in a unique setting in associating stakeholder theory and in Bangladesh, which has received limited attention in the literature on RSR.
Regional Sustainability , 2023
Multiple ecological and socioeconomic problems have occurred worldwide, raising the awareness of ... more Multiple ecological and socioeconomic problems have occurred worldwide, raising the awareness of sustainability. This study aims to examine the impact of taxes on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. This research used effective average tax (EAT), tax on personal income (TPI), tax on corporate profits (TCP), and tax on goods and services (TGS) as the variables of taxes, and employed secondary data from 38 OECD countries covering 2000–2021. The study also used Breusch-Pagan Lagrange Multiplier (LM), Pesaran Scaled LM, Bias-Corrected Scaled LM, and Pesaran Cross-sectional dependence (CSD) tests to analyze the existence of cross-sectional dependency. Then, we established the stationarity of variables through second-generation panel unit root tests (Cross-sectional Augmented Dickey-Fuller (CADF) and Cross-sectional Im, Pesaran, and Shin (CIPS)), and confirmed the long-run cointegration of the variables by using second-generation panel cointegration test (Westerlund cointegration test). The results showed that EAT, TPI, TCP, and TGS are positively associated with SDGs. However, the change in TPI has a smaller effect on SDGs than the change in EAT or TCP or TGS. The result of panel causality indicated that EAT, TPI, and TGS have a unidirectional causal relationship with SDGs. The study also found that TCP has a bi-directional causal relationship with SDGs. Moreover, the finding indicated that the OECD countries need to focus on tax policies to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This study is based on the theory of optimal taxation (TOT), which suggests that tax systems should be designed to maximize social welfare. Finally, we suggest the importance of taking a comprehensive approach for the managers and policy-makers when analyzing the impact of taxes on SDGs.
Annals of Financial Economics, 2023
Emerging nations focus more on new and innovative business activities across national borders for... more Emerging nations focus more on new and innovative business activities across national borders for economic advancement. Further, trade openness has recently emerged in BRICS countries. Thus, global entrepreneurship development can be a great opportunity for the traded open countries. In line with this, the study aims to examine the impact of trade openness on global entrepreneurship development in BRICS countries. The study collected balanced-panel data from BRICS countries for 2001-2020 and applied random-effects estimation to analyze the data. The study drives a cross-sectional dependence test, unit root test, and model specification test before applying the estimated model. The study further checked the robustness of the findings by alternative estimation methods like FMOLS and DOLS and found similar results. The results revealed that trade openness positively influences global entrepreneurship development, but average tariffs can discourage entrepreneurs. Specifically, trade openness through trade spread, trade freedom, and average tariffs increase the total early-stage entrepreneurial activities and entrepreneurial intentions rate in BRICS countries. Through cross-country analysis, the study found that trade openness significantly enhances global entrepreneurship development in Brazil, India, China, and South Africa rather than in Russia. The study found similar results after checking the robustness of the findings by alternative estimation methods like FMOLS and DOLS. Thus, the findings could be a great insight for the policymakers of BRICS countries. Governments, academics, international entrepreneurs, etc., can use the findings in future decisions as a policy dialogue. Keywords: Trade openness, Entrepreneurship, BRICS, International trade, Global entrepreneurship.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2023
This study investigates the relationship between green accounting, energy efficiency, and environ... more This study investigates the relationship between green accounting, energy efficiency, and environmental performance in the context of Bangladeshi pharmaceutical and chemical companies. The study also explores the mediating role of energy efficiency in the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance. A total of 326 responses were collected using a simple random sampling technique from pharmaceutical and chemical companies in Bangladesh. The study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data. The results indicate that green accounting has a significant positive impact on both energy efficiency and environmental performance. Moreover, energy efficiency partially mediates the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance. The study also found that economic, environmental, and social practices of green accounting positively impact energy efficiency and environmental performance, with environmental practices having the highest impact. The findings of this study provide important insights for managers and policymakers of pharmaceutical and chemical companies in Bangladesh, highlighting the need for green accounting practices that promote environmental sustainability. The study suggests that integrating green accounting practices can lead to better energy efficiency and environmental performance, which can enhance the reputation and competitive advantage of these companies. This study identifies the mediating role of energy efficiency in the relationship between green accounting and environmental performance, providing a unique perspective on the mechanism behind the relationship.
FinTech, 2023
The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of business intelligence on the bank’s operati... more The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of business intelligence on the bank’s operational efficiency and perceptions of profitability. The study is based on 259 responses from 27 branches of a commercial bank, employing a simple random sampling technique. This research uses the partial least square- structural equation method (PLS-SEM) method to test the hypotheses. The study verifies construct’s reliability and construct’s validity of the measurement model, and tests the fitness of the structural model. The study finds that business intelligence is positively associated with operational efficiency and profitability. Further, the study reveals that operational efficiency through business intelligence positively affects bank’s profitability. Based on competitive theory, this research states that business intelligence allows the productive entity to generate superior margins compared to its market rivals. Thus, banks can offer better options more cheaply than their rivals and thereby ensure competitive advantage. Further, based on resource-based view theory, the study argues that business intelligence as a strategic resource can provide the foundation to develop bank capabilities that can lead to superior performance over time. Therefore, the study implies business intelligence application in the banking companies and helps decision-making effectiveness for the management body of banks, academics, and policymakers.
Energy and Environment, 2022
The study aims to examine the effects of trade balance, economic growth, green field investment, ... more The study aims to examine the effects of trade balance, economic growth, green field investment, energy use, financial development, and urbanization on environmental sustainability in BRICS countries. This study proceeds to estimate the long-term association using the fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and the dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) panel estimation methods for the years 1991-2020. This empirical study finds that the ratio of exports to imports has a negative effect on environmental degradation. This indicates that increasing the trade balance eventually leads to environmental sustainability, which finally improves living standards and environmental conditions in the BRICS countries. The findings further show that green field investment and financial development substantially improve environmental sustainability, but energy use, urbanization, and economic growth desperately negatively affect environmental sustainability. Additionally, this research finds a unidirectional relationship of environmental sustainability with trade balance, green field investment, energy use, urbanization, and economic growth rate. This study states how BRICS countries can be protected through trade balance controlling environmental degradation. Thus, this research provides improved orientations to the policymakers of BRICS countries to design policy in favor of the environment.
Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 2022
Purpose-This study aims to investigate the impact of environmental management accounting (EMA) on... more Purpose-This study aims to investigate the impact of environmental management accounting (EMA) on manufacturing companies' environmental and financial performance in Bangladesh. Thus, this research recognizes essential factors such as EMA, environmental performance (EP), financial performance (FP), environmental information systems (EIS), knowledge management (KM), green innovation and energy efficiency (EE). Design/methodology/approach-This research uses a quantitative approach and uses 323 responses from the manufacturing firms. This research tests the study model through the "Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling" (PLS-SEM) technique using Smart PLS v3.3 software. This research uses The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the manufacturing companies' employees and officers, who devoted time to filling and returning questionnaires sent to them. We are also grateful to the data collectors. We are thankful to the colleagues and reviewers who assist us to amplify the quality of the paper. Funding: This research receives no external funding for publication but receives research grants from Comilla University to conduct the study. Availability of data and materials: Data and materials are available upon reasonable request through the corresponding author. Competing interests: This research declares no competing interests. Authors' contributions: BCD conducted, conceptualized and supervised the research. BCD performed statistical analysis, reviewed a portion of literature, developed conceptual framework and wrote research contribution. MMR collected data, performed statistical analysis, reviewed portion of literature, performed referencing and prepared the drafted report. MSR made revisions as per reviewers' comments. As the corresponding author, MMR bears full responsibility for the submission, and confirms that all authors listed on the title page have contributed significantly to work. Finally, all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Heliyon, 2022
The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of the corporate tax rate on sustainable devel... more The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of the corporate tax rate on sustainable development in the BRIC and CIVETS countries. This research employs a panel dataset for 2000-2021 years and applies panel data regression model to analyse the data. The study confirms the results checking the robustness through the fully modified ordinary least square and the dynamic ordinary least square panel estimate methods. The study passes several tests like cross-sectional dependence tests, unit root tests, and model selection tests before conducting the focal part of the analysis. The research finds that the corporate tax rate is positively and significantly associated with the sustainable development goals (SDG). The result implies that a higher rate of corporate tax plays vital role in achieving the sustainable development goals in the emerging economies. By including personal income tax, sales tax, and theoretical arguments, the study contributes to the debate on the corporate tax rate and the achievement of SDG in the emerging countries. The study applies both individual effects and combined effects of corporate tax rate, personal income tax, sales tax, and effective tax rate with SDG. In both cases, the research finds significant and positive association of taxation with SDG. Thus, the study argues that achieveing the SDG of emerging economies depends on the countries' taxation rate and policy. This research employs the most updated data set that also contributes to the existing literature of emerging economies. Thus, the findings generated from this study can be a policy dialogue for the academics, policy-makers and government bodies of BRIC and CIVETS countries and other emerging economies as well.
International Journal of Emerging Markets, 2021
Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of trade openness on the cost of finan... more Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of trade openness on the cost of financial intermediation and bank performance. Developed and developing countries are currently pursuing trade openness to achieve higher bank performance with less intermediation costs. Design/methodology/approach-In attaining the study's objectives, several regression methodologies were employed (i.e. system generalized method of moments (GMM), fixed effect, pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) and vector error correction model (VECM)). The authors tested the hypothesis on data of 885 banks from BRICS countries, which span 18 years (2000-2017). Findings-The results from this robust study showed that embedding higher trade openness reduces financial intermediation costs and improves banks' performance. The results remain robust following the use of different estimation methods and alternative variables as proxies. In addition, results were still valid upon considering bank level, industry level and country level as control variables. It was also observed that the relation pattern holds its rigidity during "good" and "bad" times (i.e. the global financial crisis). Originality/value-The results provide better references for bank regulators, academics and policymakers to take advantage of the low financial intermediation costs resulting from trade openness.
Bangladesh Economia, 2021
This study examines whether corporate governance (CG) codes affect the tax management of banks. A... more This study examines whether corporate governance (CG) codes affect the tax management of banks. Audit committee volumes (VAC), audit committee meetings (MAC), board sizes (BS), board meetings (BM), board independence proportions (IBP), and proportion of non-executive board of directors (NBP) are considered as the proxies of CG developed from BSEC Corporate Governance Code 2018. The extent of the effective tax rate (ETR) is used to assess tax management. This study uses quantitative research design and obtained 204 observations from 17 banks listed on DSE covering 2009-2020 period. Performing the "Two-stage Least Square" (2SLS) model for the analysis, we got the regression outputs where the VAC, MAC, BS, and IBP are negatively and significantly associated with ETR gap. But BM and the NBP were not significant to influence the ETR gap. The results indicate that CG proxies lessen the ETR gap, and improves the tax management. To check the robustness of the results, we apply pooled OLS (ordinary least square) model and two-step-system GMM (Generalized Method of Moment). In this case, we found consistent findings except for the MAC because it came out as insignificant. The results generated from this study would be a policy dialogue for the bank regulatory bodies, corporate authorities, policy-makers, and academics.
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Papers by Md Mominur Rahman