Papers by Francesca Nocca
Sustainability, 2023
As underlined by OECD and United Nations, as cities are growing in size, they will face challenge... more As underlined by OECD and United Nations, as cities are growing in size, they will face challenges in becoming climate neutral, reducing their environmental footprint, and meeting the growing needs of their populations. In cities, the main challenges of sustainable development are concentrated. So, there is a need to identify a new development model in order to make cities more sustainable. This necessity concerns all sectors, including the tourism one, which represents the third largest socio-economic activity in Europe. The tourism sector puts pressure on the city, increasing waste generation, noise and air pollution, and congestion in infrastructure and public areas. In addition, it is organized according to the linear economy model. This linearity is particularly visible in cities as people here tend to choose comfort over sustainability. In this framework, new approaches, strategies, and tools are required in order to make the tourism sector more sustainable, thus reducing its negative impacts on cities. In this perspective, the Human Circular Tourism (HCT) model is proposed. The aim of this study is to provide an operational framework consisting of recommendations, actions, and indicators to effectively operationalize the Human Circular Tourism model and to support public authorities (and other tourism stakeholders) in the identification of efficient policies in the tourism sector.
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2022
Una percentuale sempre più crescente della popolazione mondiale vive nelle città ed è dunque qui ... more Una percentuale sempre più crescente della popolazione mondiale vive nelle città ed è dunque qui che si stanno maggiormente concentrando le sfide dello sviluppo sostenibile. Per tale motivo, la struttura organizzativa della città è oggi costantemente messa in discussione. La prospettiva multidimensionale dello sviluppo sostenibile implica un approccio sistemico e integrato che richiede nuovi strumenti di valutazione in grado di identificare gli impatti multidimensionali della trasformazione/rigenerazione delle città. Il presente paper intende contribuire al dibattito internazionale sul ruolo delle città nel raggiungimento dello sviluppo sostenibile e rendere operativi, nella campo della valutazione, i concetti che guidano le trasformazioni delle città e dei territori. Il caso studio di Pozzuoli (Italia) rappresenta una sperimentazione della metodologia proposta per la valutazione degli impatti multidimensionali dei progetti di rigenerazione della città mediante metodi di valutazione...
The 2030 Agenda and the New Urban Agenda represent two important strategic documents for achievin... more The 2030 Agenda and the New Urban Agenda represent two important strategic documents for achieving a more sustainable, resilient, fair and inclusive future. Both focus on the need to move from principles to actions and highlight the need for appropriate implementation tools, including those related to urban and territorial planning and evaluation approaches to support decisionmaking<br> processes. The identification of new organisational models for cities is even more significant following the COVID-19 pandemic, as it is necessary to rethink the space of the city to limit concentration and overcrowding. Therefore, the aim of this work is to meet the needs of the community by identifying new models for the realisation and management of urban services with a view to the standards perequation. The experimental application is focused on the Municipality of Pozzuoli (Italy).
Cities are home to a growing percentage of the world’s population. As the world continues to urba... more Cities are home to a growing percentage of the world’s population. As the world continues to urbanize, sustainable development challenges will be increasingly concentrated in cities. For this reason, the city’s organizational structure is being increasingly questioned. The multidimensional perspective of sustainable development implies a systemic and integrated approach that requires new assessment tools able to capture the multidimensional impacts of cities transformation/regeneration. This paper aims to contribute to the international debate about the role of cities in the achievement of sustainable development and to make operational concepts in the evaluation field driving transformations of cities and territories. The case study of Pozzuoli (Italy) represents a concrete implementation of a proposed methodology for assessing the multidimensional impacts of city regeneration projects using multicriteria evaluation methods. Keywords: multidimensional indicators, NAIADE method, M...
Urban Science, 2021
The health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire world since the begi... more The health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire world since the beginning of 2020, changing living and working conditions. The pandemic has generated a crisis that is having and will continue to have consequences on all sectors of the economy, including the real estate market. During the lockdown period, houses became spaces for both living and working, as well as for leisure activities. Therefore, they were modified to meet the new requirements of communities forced to spend most of their time at home. This will also affect the real estate market in the near future in terms of trends and the characteristics of desirable houses. This research aims to analyse the trends in the residential market in Italy and in particular in the metropolitan area of Naples (Italy). Starting from official sources, the trends of the real estate market, and in particular in the metropolitan area of Naples from 2009 to 2020, have been analysed. Then, two surveys were conducte...
Aestimum, 2021
The paradigm shift towards a more humanistic and ecological paradigm evoked by United Nations and... more The paradigm shift towards a more humanistic and ecological paradigm evoked by United Nations and the Green Deal is increasingly required in this period of growing unsustainability, especially during ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The challenge today is to reduce poverty and inequalities, while preserving the vitality of natural ecosystems and ensuring inclusive economic growth and wellbeing, both now and in the future, thus including future generations. To this end, new models for city development and new tools for operationalizing them are necessary. This paper is focused on the circular economy model and, in particular, on the functional reuse of cultural heritage as the entry point for triggering circular processes in the cities. The attention is focused on the evaluation tools and a methodological proposal is presented starting from the Level(s) tool (developed by European Commission) for assessing the multidimensional impacts of cultural heritage functional reuse projects in the c...
ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, 2020
Poiche il mondo continua a urbanizzarsi, le sfide dello sviluppo sostenibile saranno sempre piu c... more Poiche il mondo continua a urbanizzarsi, le sfide dello sviluppo sostenibile saranno sempre piu concentrate nelle citta richiedendo nuovi approcci, modelli e strumenti. In particolare, il presente articolo si focalizza sull’utilizzo dell’"approccio prestazionale" nella pianificazione urbanistica per migliorare l’efficienza e l’efficacia dei processi decisionali. Nel presente paper, la proposta metodologica e sperimentata nel caso studio di Pomigliano d’Arco (Italia).
Sustainability, 2020
Urban development and regeneration projects produce multidimensional impacts on the city, on its ... more Urban development and regeneration projects produce multidimensional impacts on the city, on its environmental, economic, and social systems. An aspect that can be considerably affected by urban dynamics is linked to the real estate market. So, analysing real estate dynamics is useful to support decision-makers in the elaboration of urban regeneration plans and projects, and thus orient their choices. Focusing attention on the city of Naples (Italy), the purpose of this paper is to analyse in detail the real estate dynamics in this city through the integration of a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method and Geographical Information System (GIS). This integration allowed us to map and analyse the territory, linking a specific issue (the real estate dynamics) to the territory itself, and to analyse it according to specific criteria. This aims for a better understanding and interpretation of real estate dynamics, representing a useful tool for orienting and supporting urban pla...
Each city is a living organism with its own dynamics. Cities, as complex dynamic and adaptive sys... more Each city is a living organism with its own dynamics. Cities, as complex dynamic and adaptive systems, are able of self-organization/self-management. There are many causes of the decline of cities today (poverty, unemployment, etc.) that interdepend on the others in continuous retroactive processes. The general proposal of this paper refers to a key word: "regeneration" as revitalization of the activities in the perspective of the circular economy/city. The aim is to explore how an urban circular economy can be implemented through a cultural landscape-based approach, analysing the case study of Matera (Italy) and assuming the interdependence between a specific landscape and the circular economy/city models. The aim is to understand how to transform a millennial experience of underdevelopment into a dynamic development perspective.
As the world continues to urbanize, identifying and implementing new urban development models and... more As the world continues to urbanize, identifying and implementing new urban development models and strategies is necessary to face sustainable development challenges. To this end, the circular economy model can be implemented in cities in order to operationalize and achieve human sustainable development managing simultaneously, in a systemic perspective, the social inequalities issue and the ecological and economic crisis. Today there are many cities that are defining themselves as a "circular city" but, to date, a clear definition of this does not exist. In the transition towards the circular city, tools (such as evaluation, governance, financial, business tools) play a fundamental role. The aim of this paper is (after an analysis of the concept of the circular city and its implementation, starting from literature, official documents and reports) to identify and analyze tools for implementing the circular city model. In particular, a set of indicators to assess (positive and/or negative) impacts of projects and initiatives of the circular city agenda is identified.
Urban development and regeneration projects produce multidimensional impacts on the city, on its ... more Urban development and regeneration projects produce multidimensional impacts on the city, on its environmental, economic, and social systems. An aspect that can be considerably affected by urban dynamics is linked to the real estate market. So, analysing real estate dynamics is useful to support decision-makers in the elaboration of urban regeneration plans and projects, and thus orient their choices. Focusing attention on the city of Naples (Italy), the purpose of this paper is to analyse in detail the real estate dynamics in this city through the integration of a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method and Geographical Information System (GIS). This integration allowed us to map and analyse the territory, linking a specific issue (the real estate dynamics) to the territory itself, and to analyse it according to specific criteria. This aims for a better understanding and interpretation of real estate dynamics, representing a useful tool for orienting and supporting urban planning strategies.
In this period of increasing urbanization, cultural heritage can play a key role to achieve susta... more In this period of increasing urbanization, cultural heritage can play a key role to achieve sustainable development, as widely recognized by international institutions (i.e., United Nations (UN), UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS)). In this perspective, it is necessary to operationalize the principles stated at international level and thus new approaches and tools are required. The paper aims to understand the relationships between the implementation of adaptive reuse projects and their success (or not) in terms of impacts on the buildings themselves and on the urban context. The assessment framework for evaluating the impacts of heritage conservation and rehabilitation projects is described through the analysis and comparison of two Italian case studies: the Ancient Market and the Basilica of St. Peter the Apostle, in Siracusa (Italy). Although realized both in the same place (Ortigia, the historic centre of Siracusa), during the same period and by the same architect, these two interventions have produced different results in terms of urban development. A set of indicators, deduced from recent scientific studies, has been used to analyse the different impacts on physical, cultural, social, environmental and economic systems. To understand in depth the causes of these two different results, a survey has been carried out involving experts. The proposed indicators used for the ex-post evaluation can be also adopted in other contexts and for ex ante evaluation, in order to orient the strategic design choices in cultural heritage adaptive reuse projects.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Circular economy and cultural heritage conservation: a proposal for integrating Level(s) evaluation tool, 2021
The paradigm shift towards a more humanistic and ecological paradigm evoked by United Nations and... more The paradigm shift towards a more humanistic and ecological paradigm evoked by United Nations and the Green Deal is increasingly required in this period of growing unsustainability, especially during ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The challenge today is to reduce poverty and inequalities, while preserving the vitality of natural ecosystems and ensuring inclusive economic growth and wellbeing, both now and in the future, thus including future generations. To this end, new models for city development and new tools for operationalizing them are necessary. This paper is focused on the circular economy model and, in particular, on the functional reuse of cultural heritage as the entry point for triggering circular processes in the cities. The attention is focused on the evaluation tools and a methodological proposal is presented starting from the Level(s) tool (developed by European Commission) for assessing the multidimensional impacts of cultural heritage functional reuse projects in the circular economy perspective.
Atmosphere
The shift towards the new paradigm, that is, the “ecological and humanistic” paradigm, introduced... more The shift towards the new paradigm, that is, the “ecological and humanistic” paradigm, introduced by the United Nations in the Agenda 2030, and the current period of health emergency due to COVID-19 place the human dimension at the centre of the development strategies for our cities. The humanistic dimension, in particular, is related to human wellbeing, health and living conditions. The health and wellbeing of citizens depend on factors and actions that go beyond the health sector. In particular, here, the attention is focused on the negative impacts produced by pollution and climate change, issues that concern (and that are closely related to) most urban agglomerations in the world. The pandemic due to COVID-19 has highlighted the close relationship existing among social, natural and economic systems. Each system is interdependent on the other. Thus, the pandemic has boosted the necessity to accelerate efforts to address climate change. Therefore, in this framework, new urban deve...
SMC - Sustainable Mediterranean Construction, 2020
The 2030 Agenda and the New Urban Agenda represent two important strategic documents for achievin... more The 2030 Agenda and the New Urban Agenda represent two important strategic documents for achieving a more sustainable, resilient, fair and inclusive future. Both focus on the need to move from principles to actions and highlight the need for appropriate implementation tools, including those related to urban and territorial planning and evaluation approaches to support decision-making processes. The identification of new organisational models for cities is even more significant following the COVID-19 pandemic, as it is necessary to rethink the space of the city to limit concentration and overcrowding. Therefore, the aim of this work is to meet the needs of the community by identifying new models for the realisation and management of urban services with a view to the standards perequation. The experimental application is focused on the Municipality of Pozzuoli (Italy).
Tourism is the third largest socioeconomic activity in the EU and thus it can be considered an en... more Tourism is the third largest socioeconomic activity in the EU and thus it can be considered an engine for development , producing many positive impacts, from trade sector to employment. At the same time, it can produce many negative impacts because it is configured according to the model of linear economy. A deep analysis of impacts produced by tourism sector and its great potential in contributing to the achievement of SDGs are presented. The aim of this paper is to identify a tourism development/ management model able to produce multidimensional benefits and, simultaneously, reduce (environmental, social and economic) costs. In this perspective, the circular economy is proposed as a model able to contribute to make tourism more sustainable. This model necessarily requires appropriate evaluation tools, indicators and knowledge.
The concept of sustainable development has been the main topic of many international conferences.... more The concept of sustainable development has been the main topic of many international conferences. Although many discussions are related to the role of cultural heritage in sustainable development, they develop only on theoretical level. The answer to the main question, that is if the cultural landscape can play a role in sustainable development, could be positive only if we are able to produce empirical evidence about its contribution to improve economic, social, and environmental productivity of the city. It is necessary to produce empirical evidence to demonstrate that cultural heritage conservation/valorization is an investment and not a cost. To date, there are few researches about the indicators that are able to support the relationship between cultural heritage conservation/regeneration and sustainable development. This paper intends to go beyond this limit and approach this issue in operational terms. It is focused on the role that cultural heritage can play in the sustainable development framework. An assessment framework that is able to capture the multidimensional benefits of cultural landscape conservation/valorization is proposed here starting from the analysis of 40 case studies of culture-led regeneration projects. A matrix of multidimensional indicators (divided into nine categories) about the impacts produced by these 40 cultural heritage conservation/valorization projects and its critical analysis is here proposed, mainly focusing the attention on the double relationship between the tourism sector and climate change. Although the analyses often refer to sustainability, it is not concretely addressed because there is an imbalance among the dimensions: in most cases, only the economic component is highlighted, leaving out the social and environmental dimensions. Furthermore, the impacts related to cultural-led projects are mainly interpreted in terms of tourism and real estate impacts.
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Papers by Francesca Nocca