Book:https://www.amazon.com/dp/B084RXL5NX by Joy Odimegwu
Amazon KDP, 2020
Food and Hormones is a book for every woman, man, and teenager. Food is very good, chemical compo... more Food and Hormones is a book for every woman, man, and teenager. Food is very good, chemical compounds in food nourish our bodies and also affect our moods and decisions. This book is an eye-opener for people who ever wondered if their nutrition and diet habits are affecting their emotions or do indeed affect their emotions.
Background: Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) have lead to urgent and wide interest in the search for n... more Background: Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) have lead to urgent and wide interest in the search for natural products from plants as possible lead substances that can function as effective and safe antimicrobials. Terminalia catappa and Carica papaya wastes (fresh and brown fallen) leaves and (ripe and unripe) seeds respectively are employed folklorically in treatment of diverse ailments including microbial infections. Objectives: To study the phytochemical constituents of T. catappa (fresh and brown fallen) leaves and C. papaya (ripe and unripe) seeds and the mode of action of the methanolic extracts on selected pathogenic microorganisms. Also to compare the antimicrobial effect of the crude extracts to that of Ciprofloxacin, a known antimicrobial drug. Methods: The chemical and phytochemical contents of T. catappa (fresh and brown fallen) leaves (TcDLf and TcDLd) and C. papaya (ripe and unripe) seeds (CpSr and CpSu) were determined by proximate analysis and phytochemical assays respect...
Odimegwu, Joy I. Ayodiran, S., and Odukoya, Olukemi A. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Ph... more Odimegwu, Joy I. Ayodiran, S., and Odukoya, Olukemi A. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Medicine Campus PMB 12003. University of Lagos. Nigeria [email protected] ABSTRACT Moringa oleifera is the most widespread species of the genus Moringa, the only genus in the family Moringaceae. It is a very popular plant used in traditional herbal medicine. Different parts of the plant contain a profile of important minerals and phytochemicals. The leaves and seeds are good sources of proteins, vitamins, beta-carotene, amino acids, antioxidants and phenolic compounds. Dried plant parts were pulverized and subjected to proximate analysis while the oils were extracted from the seeds with hexane using sohxlet apparatus and analyzed with gas chromatography. The chemical contents of M. oleifera leaves obtained through proximate analysis showed it had more protein than the seeds containing 45.28% protein while the seeds had 40.10%. Fat contents of the seeds were 3.09%...
In recent times, high/super resolution microscopy has evolved to the extent of monitoring and rec... more In recent times, high/super resolution microscopy has evolved to the extent of monitoring and recording in real time, biochemical processes in living things. This possibility has led to horizons unimagined before the advent of the simultaneous technological, computational and experimental methods. Microscopy has moved from the merely qualitative to become a powerful quantitative tool. Lead compound discovery from natural products has been the unrelenting quest of phytochemists, biologists and related discipline researchers. The discovery of bioactive compounds in plants in the form of terpenes that form part of essential oils resident in plant trichomes is the object of this work. The use of Stereo Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Gas Chromatography yielded for the first time novel terpenes; elemol, nerolidol, germacrene b, farnesene and valerenyl acetate from the epidermal layers of two Dioscorea species.
The current urgent needs and global interest in plants’ biodiversity development and drug discove... more The current urgent needs and global interest in plants’ biodiversity development and drug discovery is of utmost importance; Dioscorea composita and Dioscorea floribunda fresh leaves and vines were studied with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to detect trichomes anatomical types vis-à-vis essential oil secretion and sequestration as integrated in the overall ontogeny of the shoots and hydro-distilled oils from the same organs were characterized with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The SEM study revealed presence of capitate oil glands on the epidermal layers of parts studied which chromatographic analysis revealed to be terpenes; a-terpinene, Nerolidol, Citronellyl acetate, Farnesol, Elemol, a-farnesene, Valerenyl acetate etc. This is the first time these terpenes are reported in the species. In this light, microscopical methods supported by chromatography contribute to rapid identification of novel lead compounds contributing to drug discovery.
The plants Treculia africana and Bryophyllum pinnatum are ethnobotanically used in the treatment ... more The plants Treculia africana and Bryophyllum pinnatum are ethnobotanically used in the treatment of
various diseases including diabetes and heart diseases. Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by
hyperglycaemia, and hyperlipidaemia which leads to an increased risk of atherosclerosis and other
cardiovascular diseases. The effects of aqueous ethanol (80%) extracts of T. africana leaves and B.
pinnatum plants and their mixture, in an equal proportion, were evaluated on postprandial glycaemic
status. Three groups of normal rats were treated with the extracts and their mixture (1:1), at a dose of
500 mg/kg body weight and then charged with glucose (40%) at a dose of 1 ml/100 g body weight.
Plasma sugar contents were analyzed from the blood collected from the tail vein at 30, 60 and 120 min
intervals. Also glycaemic status and serum lipid profiles of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic
rats were evaluated. Three groups of streptozotocin-induced diabetic (50 mg/kg ip) rats were treated
with the extracts and the (1:1) mixture at a dose of 500 mg/kg, respectively for 21 days. A significant
reduction (p≤0.05) in both postprandial and STZ-induced diabetes blood glucose levels, triglyceride
levels, low density lipoprotein (LDL) level, and increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) level were
observed. This scientific finding supports the basis for the herbal use of T. africana and B. pinnatum in
the management of diabetes and heart diseases.
Diabetics’ mortality is mostly attributed to hyperglycaemia and its attendant vascular diseases a... more Diabetics’ mortality is mostly attributed to hyperglycaemia and its attendant vascular diseases and is conventionally managed with medicines functioning as hypoglycaemic agents, insulin production-modulators, and lipoprotein-lowering agents singly or in combinations. Some of these agents have adverse side effects hence alternatives are highly sought for the management of disease conditions. Bioactive compounds from plants are sought-after candidates for drug development since they provide lead structures for new or existing drug targets. Treculia africana and Bryophyllum pinnatum are ethnobotanically used in Africa for the management of diabetes. Effects of aqueous ethanol (80%) extracts of T. africana leaves and B. pinnatum plants singly and in (1:1) mixture on plasma glucose level (PGL), total triglycerides (TT), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and plasma creatinine levels (PCL) in Streptozotocin (STZ)–induced diabetic rats was checked. A 1:1 T. africana and B. pinnatum mixture lowered the postprandial blood glucose level from 101.4 ± 2.2 mg/dl to 93.5 ± 1.1 mg/dl in 2 hrs. Significant reduction (P ≤ 0.05) in STZ-induced diabetic rats’ blood glucose levels, TT levels, and an increase in HDL were also observed. Our results suggest a rapid synergistic hypoglycaemic effect of a combined therapy of T. africana and B. pinnatum in the management of hyperglycaemia. It provides a very promising lead for a rapid-acting oral hypoglycaemic drug.
Key words: atherosclerosis, Bryophyllum pinnatum inter and intra synergy, Streptozotocin, Treculia africana
The Scientific World Journal, 2013
Dioscorea species is a very important food and drug plant. The tubers of the plant are extensivel... more Dioscorea species is a very important food and drug plant. The tubers of the plant are extensively used in food and drug purposes owing to the presence of steroidal constituent's diosgenin in the tubers. In the present study, we report for the first time that the leaves of Dioscorea composita and Dioscorea floribunda grown under the field conditions exhibited the presence of multicellular oil glands on the epidermal layers of the plants using stereomicroscopy (SM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Essential oil was also isolated from the otherwise not useful herbage of the plant, and gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopy analysis revealed confirmation of the essential oil constituents. Out of the 76 compounds detected in D. floribunda and 37 from D. composita essential oil, major terpenoids which are detected and reported for Dioscorea leaf essential oil are -terpinene, nerolidol, citronellyl acetate, farnesol, elemol, -farnesene, valerenyl acetate, and so forth. Elemol was detected as the major constituent of both the Dioscorea species occupying 41% and 22% of D. Floribunda and D. composita essential oils, respectively. In this paper, we report for the first time Dioscorea as a possible novel bioresource for the essential oil besides its well-known importance for yielding diosgenin.
Conference Presentations by Joy Odimegwu
Talks by Joy Odimegwu
Papers by Joy Odimegwu
ABSTRACTThevetia peruviana (Pers.) K.Schum. (Apocynaceae) seeds are known to possess cardioactive... more ABSTRACTThevetia peruviana (Pers.) K.Schum. (Apocynaceae) seeds are known to possess cardioactive glycosides such as thevetin A, thevetin B, nerifolin etc. They are also used locally for general pain relief for which there is no scientific evidence to our knowledge. Arthralgia is regarded generally as pain without inflammation. It is endemic in the society and sufferers continue to imbibe pain relieving drugs in their tons all over the world. Analgesic activity test was carried out using the formalin-induced pain models, at 0.1g, 0.2g and 0.3g/kg doses of n-hexane extracts of Thevetia peruviana seeds (HTp) in Wistar mice. Diclofenac was used as positive control. Acute toxicity test was carried out at doses of 1000, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg weight of test subject. It was observed that HTp at concentrations of 0.1g, 0.2g and 0.3g/kg showed significant analgesic effect at compared to the control. The percentage inhibition observed was 29.60%, 44.80% and 50.72% for the early pain phase and 1...
Functional Plant Science and Biotechnology, 2011
Diabetics' mortality is mostly attributed to hyperglycaemia and its attendant vascular diseases a... more Diabetics' mortality is mostly attributed to hyperglycaemia and its attendant vascular diseases and is conventionally managed with medicines functioning as hypoglycaemic agents, insulin production-modulators, and lipoprotein-lowering agents singly or in combinations. Some of these agents have adverse side effects hence alternatives are highly sought for the management of disease conditions. Bioactive compounds from plants are sought-after candidates for drug development since they provide lead structures for new or existing drug targets. Treculia africana and Bryophyllum pinnatum are ethnobotanically used in Africa for the management of diabetes. Effects of aqueous ethanol (80%) extracts of T. africana leaves and B. pinnatum plants singly and in (1:1) mixture on plasma glucose level (PGL), total triglycerides (TT), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol (TC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and plasma creatinine levels (PCL) in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was checked. A 1:1 T. africana and B. pinnatum mixture lowered the postprandial blood glucose level from 101.4 ± 2.2 mg/dl to 93.5 ± 1.1 mg/dl in two hrs. Significant reduction (P 0.05) in STZ-induced diabetic rats' blood glucose levels, TT levels, and an increase in HDL were also observed. Our results suggest a rapid synergistic hypoglycaemic effect of a combined therapy of T. africana and B. pinnatum in the management of hyperglycaemia. It provides a very promising lead for a rapid-acting oral hypoglycaemic drug.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), May 10, 2023
+234 8170140519 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound derived from the digestion of indole-3-... more +234 8170140519 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, found in Cruciferous vegetables (Broccoli, Cabbage, Cauliflower,) which promotes Estrogen metabolism in females. It has been known to help in reduction of heavy blood flow during menstruation especially in females with uterine fibroids. Dim-plus a herbal supplement contains Vitamin E, DIM, Phosphatidlycholine, Spinach, Cabbage, and Broccoli powder. The purpose of this research is to extract and identify the compounds present in Broccoli, Spinach and Cabbage obtained in local markets in Lagos, Nigeria and compare it with the reference standard DIM-plus. Identification of compounds qualitatively by TLC showed different Rf values which were compared with the reference to identify compounds with similar Rf values. Extract was also subjected to HPLC analysis to confirm the presence of DIM in the Cruciferous vegetables using Dim-plus® as standard. Based on the TLC and HPLC analysis it was discovered that the common peak which the crude extracts of the vegetables has is DIM. Thus, the vegetable extracts have Diindolylmethane.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Apr 8, 2023
Tubers of wild Dioscorea species (yam) are used as low-cost materials for the synthesis of steroi... more Tubers of wild Dioscorea species (yam) are used as low-cost materials for the synthesis of steroids; cortisone and progesterone using the Marker Degradation chemical route. Decoctions from yam leaves and tubers are also used in ethnomedicine for regulating female fertility and alleviating painful periods and menopausal symptoms. It is now known that yam tuber extracts reduce and inhibit the proliferative action of breast cancer cells and reverse cardiovascular diseases. Due to current urgent needs and global interest in plants' biodiversity advancement and drug discovery importance: Dioscorea composita and Dioscorea floribunda shoots were studied with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to detect anatomical types of trichomes compared to essential oil production as integrated into the ontogeny of the studied shoots and hydro-distilled oils from the same organs were characterized with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The SEM study revealed the presence of oil glands, the capitate type on the epidermal layers of parts studied which GC/MS analysis further revealed the components of the oils on the leaves to be Farnesene, Citronellyl acetate, Terpinene, Elemol, Nerolidol, Farnesol and Valerenyl acetate. This is the first time these phytoconstituents are reported in the species. In this light, microscopical methods supported by chromatography contribute to the rapid identification of novel lead compounds contributing to important drug discovery.
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Book:https://www.amazon.com/dp/B084RXL5NX by Joy Odimegwu
various diseases including diabetes and heart diseases. Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by
hyperglycaemia, and hyperlipidaemia which leads to an increased risk of atherosclerosis and other
cardiovascular diseases. The effects of aqueous ethanol (80%) extracts of T. africana leaves and B.
pinnatum plants and their mixture, in an equal proportion, were evaluated on postprandial glycaemic
status. Three groups of normal rats were treated with the extracts and their mixture (1:1), at a dose of
500 mg/kg body weight and then charged with glucose (40%) at a dose of 1 ml/100 g body weight.
Plasma sugar contents were analyzed from the blood collected from the tail vein at 30, 60 and 120 min
intervals. Also glycaemic status and serum lipid profiles of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic
rats were evaluated. Three groups of streptozotocin-induced diabetic (50 mg/kg ip) rats were treated
with the extracts and the (1:1) mixture at a dose of 500 mg/kg, respectively for 21 days. A significant
reduction (p≤0.05) in both postprandial and STZ-induced diabetes blood glucose levels, triglyceride
levels, low density lipoprotein (LDL) level, and increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) level were
observed. This scientific finding supports the basis for the herbal use of T. africana and B. pinnatum in
the management of diabetes and heart diseases.
Key words: atherosclerosis, Bryophyllum pinnatum inter and intra synergy, Streptozotocin, Treculia africana
Conference Presentations by Joy Odimegwu
Talks by Joy Odimegwu
Papers by Joy Odimegwu
various diseases including diabetes and heart diseases. Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by
hyperglycaemia, and hyperlipidaemia which leads to an increased risk of atherosclerosis and other
cardiovascular diseases. The effects of aqueous ethanol (80%) extracts of T. africana leaves and B.
pinnatum plants and their mixture, in an equal proportion, were evaluated on postprandial glycaemic
status. Three groups of normal rats were treated with the extracts and their mixture (1:1), at a dose of
500 mg/kg body weight and then charged with glucose (40%) at a dose of 1 ml/100 g body weight.
Plasma sugar contents were analyzed from the blood collected from the tail vein at 30, 60 and 120 min
intervals. Also glycaemic status and serum lipid profiles of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic
rats were evaluated. Three groups of streptozotocin-induced diabetic (50 mg/kg ip) rats were treated
with the extracts and the (1:1) mixture at a dose of 500 mg/kg, respectively for 21 days. A significant
reduction (p≤0.05) in both postprandial and STZ-induced diabetes blood glucose levels, triglyceride
levels, low density lipoprotein (LDL) level, and increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) level were
observed. This scientific finding supports the basis for the herbal use of T. africana and B. pinnatum in
the management of diabetes and heart diseases.
Key words: atherosclerosis, Bryophyllum pinnatum inter and intra synergy, Streptozotocin, Treculia africana