Orientador: Sylvia Maria CiascaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de... more Orientador: Sylvia Maria CiascaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) leva a problemas cognitivos na infância e adolescência e, devido a sua associação com hipercinesias, também pode resultar em anomalias comportamentais que podem levar a impressões negativas de seus pares. Para avaliar estes pacientes, existem meios subjetivos por meio de relatos de pais e professores e meios objetivos como a actigrafia. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil dos registros actigráficos em pacientes com TDAH e, para isto, foram analisados 3 pacientes do Laboratório de Dificuldades e Distúrbios de Aprendizagem e Transtornos da Atenção (DISAPRE) no Ambulatório de Neurologia da UNICAMP com a utilização de um dispositivo actigráfico relógio-like e comparados os registros com um caso controle antes e depois da introdução de medicação psicoestimulante (metilfenidato). Os parâmetros actigr...
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child’s development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2015
This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-sy... more This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-symptoms and Normalbehaviors (SWAN) rating scale in diagnostic and evolutive approaches to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and in correlational studies of the disorder. A review of articles published in indexed journals from electronic databases was conducted and 61 articles on the SWAN scale were analyzed. From these, 27 were selected to a) examine use of SWAN in research on attention disorders and b) verify evidence of its usefulness in the areas of genetics, neuropsychology, diagnostics, psychiatric comorbidities, neuroimaging, pharmacotherapy, and to examine its statistical reliability and validity in studies of diverse populations. This review of articles indicated a growing use of the SWAN scale for diagnostic purposes, for therapy, and in research on areas other than ADHD, especially when compared with other reliable scales. Use of the scale in ADHD diagnosis requires further statistical testing to define its psychometric properties.
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cognitive problems in chil... more Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cognitive problems in childhood and adolescence, and due to its associated hyperkinesias, it may also result in behavioral problems, which can lead to negative impressions amongst one's peers. Objective: To assess the impact of hyperkinesia reduction on the attention and behavior profiles of three children with the combined type of ADHD following an intervention featuring psychoactive medication. Methods: This pilot study was conducted at the Laboratory of Learning Difficulties and Disabilities and Attention Disorders (DISAPRE-UNICAMP). Objective data (including mean values of amplitude and frequency of movement over 24 hours) were obtained using an actigraph (a clock-like device), a behavioral assessment scale (the Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]), and the Strength and Weakness and ADHD Symptoms Normal Behavior (SWAN) rating scale (which was administered by clinicians and school staff members); these were cross-referenced to compare the children's performance before and after the use of psychoactive medication. The treatment was introduced after 15 days and maintained thereafter for 30 days, and the results were statistically analyzed by means of actigraphic variables (L5 and M10) and by student's t-test (P < 0.05
The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficien... more The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficient to improve core signs of this neurodevepmental disorder. Specially, before two years-old, specifics methods and approachments can move your prognostic and preserve cognitive aspects, QI size, language and emotional self-regulation. What step-by-step is necessary to suspect and confirm ASD diagnosis? This paper resumes and describes succinctly the diagnostical assessment and therapeutics around early intervention on autism.
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child's development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
Avaliação da fala e da linguagem: perspectivas interdisciplinares em Fonoaudiologia , 2020
O TDAH é um transtorno de neurodesenvolvimento que leva a consequências negativas e significativa... more O TDAH é um transtorno de neurodesenvolvimento que leva a consequências negativas e significativas na atenção executiva e na memória operacional em todos os aspectos funcionais e comportamentais. Neste contexto, a linguagem não é exceção. Estes efeitos impactam 40% destes pacientes no que tange ao neurodesenvolvimento da estrutura da linguagem e leva a problemas em aspectos fonológicos, fonoarticulatórios, no processamento auditivo, habilidades de prosódia no discurso e na linguagem aplicada aos processos de leitura e escrita. O diagnóstico precoce destes efeitos e a intervenção especializada são possíveis e devem ser empreendidas por todos que atendem estes pacientes.
Purpose: Evaluate the auditory and visual components of working memory in 60 students of both gen... more Purpose: Evaluate the auditory and visual components of working memory in 60 students of both genders. The students were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG) comprising 30 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and a control group (CG) consisting of 30 children with neither attention deficits nor learning disabilities. The study found that EG exhibited lower performance than CG. A comparison of two types of working memory: auditory and visual indicated that subjects with ADHD performed best in auditory working memory, while CG subjects performed best in visual working memory. It was also noted that the performance of both groups suffered phonologically and semantically analogous interference effects and temporal effects with greater prejudice to the experimental group.
Resumo: A partir da vivência da realidade do Centro de Saúde do Jardim Leonor, localizado na Regi... more Resumo: A partir da vivência da realidade do Centro de Saúde do Jardim Leonor, localizado na Regiäo Oeste da cidade de Londrina e da populaçäo que procurava os seus serviços, os alunos do 1 § ano dos cursos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da UEL, ...
Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disord... more Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disorders which may exacerbate associated behavioral disorders and lead to intensification of existing autistic symptoms. Several studies investigating the use of melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders in ASD have shown comparative efficiency in sleep with little or no side effects. Here we report a case of ASD with non-24-hour rhythm and the effect of melatonin in circadian parameters by actigraphy. Visual analysis of the first 10 days recorded and the periodogram suggest that this patient showed a non-24-hour rhythm. This ASD subject showed before melatonin administration an activity/ rest rhythm lower than 24 hours. The results show that melatonin increased approximately 4.7 times the regularity of circadian activity rhythm and resting staying on average between 00:00 and 06:00 and showed positive effects in improving the quality of sleep and behavior. So, the actigraphy showed an ASD subject with a non-24-hour activity/rest rhythm which changed this rhythm to a 24-hour rhythm after melatonin administration. This result reinforces the prospect of therapy with melatonin for synchronization (increased regularity) of endogenous rhythms and improve sleep quality and hence behavior and indicates the actigraphy as a choice tool to characterize several parameters of the activity/rest rhythm of ASD individuals.
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child's development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child's development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficien... more The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficient to improve core signs of this neurodevepmental disorder. Specially, before two years-old, specifics methods and approach-ments can move your prognostic and preserve cognitive aspects, QI size, language and emotional self-regulation. What step-by-step is necessary to suspect and confirm ASD diagnosis? This paper resumes and describes succinctly the diagnostical assessment and therapeutics around early intervention on autism.
Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disord... more Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disorders which may exacerbate associated behavioral disorders and lead to intensification of existing autistic symptoms. Several studies investigating the use of melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders in ASD have shown comparative efficiency in sleep with little or no side effects. Here we report a case of ASD with non-24-hour rhythm and the effect of melatonin in circadian parameters by actigraphy. Visual analysis of the first 10 days recorded and the periodogram suggest that this patient showed a non-24-hour rhythm. This ASD subject showed before melatonin administration an activity/ rest rhythm lower than 24 hours. The results show that melatonin increased approximately 4.7 times the regularity of circadian activity rhythm and resting staying on average between 00:00 and 06:00 and showed positive effects in improving the quality of sleep and behavior. So, the actigraphy showed an ASD subject with a non-24-hour activity/rest rhythm which changed this rhythm to a 24-hour rhythm after melatonin administration. This result reinforces the prospect of therapy with melatonin for synchronization (increased regularity) of endogenous rhythms and improve sleep quality and hence behavior and indicates the actigraphy as a choice tool to characterize several parameters of the activity/rest rhythm of ASD individuals.
This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-sy... more This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-symptoms and Normal-behaviors (SWAN) rating scale in diagnostic and evolutive approaches to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and in correlational studies of the disorder. A review of articles published in indexed journals from electronic databases was conducted and 61 articles on the SWAN scale were analyzed. From these, 27 were selected to a) examine use of SWAN in research on attention disorders and b) verify evidence of its usefulness in the areas of genetics, neuropsychology, diagnostics, psychiatric comorbidities, neuroimaging, pharmacotherapy, and to examine its statistical reliability and validity in studies of diverse populations. This review of articles indicated a growing use of the SWAN scale for diagnostic purposes, for therapy, and in research on areas other than ADHD, especially when compared with other reliable scales. Use of the scale in ADHD diagnosis requires further statistical testing to define its psychometric properties.
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cog-nitive problems in chi... more Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cog-nitive problems in childhood and adolescence, and due to its associated hyperkinesias, it may also result in behavioral problems, which can lead to negative impressions amongst one's peers. Objective: To assess the impact of hyperkinesia reduction on the attention and behavior profiles of three children with the combined type of ADHD following an intervention featuring psychoactive medication. Methods: This pilot study was conducted at the Laboratory of Learning Difficulties and Disabilities and Attention Disorders (DISAPRE-UNICAMP). Objective data (including mean values of amplitude and frequency of movement over 24 hours) were obtained using an actigraph (a clock-like device), a behavioral assessment scale (the Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]), and the Strength and Weakness and ADHD Symptoms Normal Behavior (SWAN) rating scale (which was administered by clinicians and school staff members); these were cross-referenced to compare the child-ren's performance before and after the use of psychoactive medication. The treatment was introduced after 15 days and maintained thereafter for 30 days, and the results were statistically analyzed by means of actigraphic variables (L5 and M10) and by student's t-test (P < 0.05). Results: There was a simultaneous reduction in the actigraphic index, the attention deficit scores of hyperactivity for both the CBCL and SWAN, and the somatic disorder symptom scores of the CBCL. These results were statistically significant when examining the pre-and post-medication data for each individual in the sample. Conclusion: The reduction in hyperkinesias in the three patients with ADHD resulted in improvements in inattention, somatic symptoms, and emotional symptoms.
Orientador: Sylvia Maria CiascaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de... more Orientador: Sylvia Maria CiascaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) leva a problemas cognitivos na infância e adolescência e, devido a sua associação com hipercinesias, também pode resultar em anomalias comportamentais que podem levar a impressões negativas de seus pares. Para avaliar estes pacientes, existem meios subjetivos por meio de relatos de pais e professores e meios objetivos como a actigrafia. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil dos registros actigráficos em pacientes com TDAH e, para isto, foram analisados 3 pacientes do Laboratório de Dificuldades e Distúrbios de Aprendizagem e Transtornos da Atenção (DISAPRE) no Ambulatório de Neurologia da UNICAMP com a utilização de um dispositivo actigráfico relógio-like e comparados os registros com um caso controle antes e depois da introdução de medicação psicoestimulante (metilfenidato). Os parâmetros actigr...
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child’s development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2015
This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-sy... more This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-symptoms and Normalbehaviors (SWAN) rating scale in diagnostic and evolutive approaches to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and in correlational studies of the disorder. A review of articles published in indexed journals from electronic databases was conducted and 61 articles on the SWAN scale were analyzed. From these, 27 were selected to a) examine use of SWAN in research on attention disorders and b) verify evidence of its usefulness in the areas of genetics, neuropsychology, diagnostics, psychiatric comorbidities, neuroimaging, pharmacotherapy, and to examine its statistical reliability and validity in studies of diverse populations. This review of articles indicated a growing use of the SWAN scale for diagnostic purposes, for therapy, and in research on areas other than ADHD, especially when compared with other reliable scales. Use of the scale in ADHD diagnosis requires further statistical testing to define its psychometric properties.
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cognitive problems in chil... more Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cognitive problems in childhood and adolescence, and due to its associated hyperkinesias, it may also result in behavioral problems, which can lead to negative impressions amongst one's peers. Objective: To assess the impact of hyperkinesia reduction on the attention and behavior profiles of three children with the combined type of ADHD following an intervention featuring psychoactive medication. Methods: This pilot study was conducted at the Laboratory of Learning Difficulties and Disabilities and Attention Disorders (DISAPRE-UNICAMP). Objective data (including mean values of amplitude and frequency of movement over 24 hours) were obtained using an actigraph (a clock-like device), a behavioral assessment scale (the Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]), and the Strength and Weakness and ADHD Symptoms Normal Behavior (SWAN) rating scale (which was administered by clinicians and school staff members); these were cross-referenced to compare the children's performance before and after the use of psychoactive medication. The treatment was introduced after 15 days and maintained thereafter for 30 days, and the results were statistically analyzed by means of actigraphic variables (L5 and M10) and by student's t-test (P < 0.05
The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficien... more The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficient to improve core signs of this neurodevepmental disorder. Specially, before two years-old, specifics methods and approachments can move your prognostic and preserve cognitive aspects, QI size, language and emotional self-regulation. What step-by-step is necessary to suspect and confirm ASD diagnosis? This paper resumes and describes succinctly the diagnostical assessment and therapeutics around early intervention on autism.
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child's development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
Avaliação da fala e da linguagem: perspectivas interdisciplinares em Fonoaudiologia , 2020
O TDAH é um transtorno de neurodesenvolvimento que leva a consequências negativas e significativa... more O TDAH é um transtorno de neurodesenvolvimento que leva a consequências negativas e significativas na atenção executiva e na memória operacional em todos os aspectos funcionais e comportamentais. Neste contexto, a linguagem não é exceção. Estes efeitos impactam 40% destes pacientes no que tange ao neurodesenvolvimento da estrutura da linguagem e leva a problemas em aspectos fonológicos, fonoarticulatórios, no processamento auditivo, habilidades de prosódia no discurso e na linguagem aplicada aos processos de leitura e escrita. O diagnóstico precoce destes efeitos e a intervenção especializada são possíveis e devem ser empreendidas por todos que atendem estes pacientes.
Purpose: Evaluate the auditory and visual components of working memory in 60 students of both gen... more Purpose: Evaluate the auditory and visual components of working memory in 60 students of both genders. The students were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG) comprising 30 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and a control group (CG) consisting of 30 children with neither attention deficits nor learning disabilities. The study found that EG exhibited lower performance than CG. A comparison of two types of working memory: auditory and visual indicated that subjects with ADHD performed best in auditory working memory, while CG subjects performed best in visual working memory. It was also noted that the performance of both groups suffered phonologically and semantically analogous interference effects and temporal effects with greater prejudice to the experimental group.
Resumo: A partir da vivência da realidade do Centro de Saúde do Jardim Leonor, localizado na Regi... more Resumo: A partir da vivência da realidade do Centro de Saúde do Jardim Leonor, localizado na Regiäo Oeste da cidade de Londrina e da populaçäo que procurava os seus serviços, os alunos do 1 § ano dos cursos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da UEL, ...
Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disord... more Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disorders which may exacerbate associated behavioral disorders and lead to intensification of existing autistic symptoms. Several studies investigating the use of melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders in ASD have shown comparative efficiency in sleep with little or no side effects. Here we report a case of ASD with non-24-hour rhythm and the effect of melatonin in circadian parameters by actigraphy. Visual analysis of the first 10 days recorded and the periodogram suggest that this patient showed a non-24-hour rhythm. This ASD subject showed before melatonin administration an activity/ rest rhythm lower than 24 hours. The results show that melatonin increased approximately 4.7 times the regularity of circadian activity rhythm and resting staying on average between 00:00 and 06:00 and showed positive effects in improving the quality of sleep and behavior. So, the actigraphy showed an ASD subject with a non-24-hour activity/rest rhythm which changed this rhythm to a 24-hour rhythm after melatonin administration. This result reinforces the prospect of therapy with melatonin for synchronization (increased regularity) of endogenous rhythms and improve sleep quality and hence behavior and indicates the actigraphy as a choice tool to characterize several parameters of the activity/rest rhythm of ASD individuals.
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child's development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that c... more The language problem in ADHD could be expressed in any age, in different intensity levels, that could bring negative effects in all daily activities and learning process, which depends on the right language acquisition during the child's development. Among the most common comorbidities in ADHD, the abnormalities in language result in greater unsatisfactory evolution and many problems in verbal and nonverbal abilities, and even more in academic life, as a result of losses in reading and writing appropriation.
The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficien... more The early intervention on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is the best treatment and most efficient to improve core signs of this neurodevepmental disorder. Specially, before two years-old, specifics methods and approach-ments can move your prognostic and preserve cognitive aspects, QI size, language and emotional self-regulation. What step-by-step is necessary to suspect and confirm ASD diagnosis? This paper resumes and describes succinctly the diagnostical assessment and therapeutics around early intervention on autism.
Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disord... more Among the most co-occurring conditions in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), there are sleep disorders which may exacerbate associated behavioral disorders and lead to intensification of existing autistic symptoms. Several studies investigating the use of melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders in ASD have shown comparative efficiency in sleep with little or no side effects. Here we report a case of ASD with non-24-hour rhythm and the effect of melatonin in circadian parameters by actigraphy. Visual analysis of the first 10 days recorded and the periodogram suggest that this patient showed a non-24-hour rhythm. This ASD subject showed before melatonin administration an activity/ rest rhythm lower than 24 hours. The results show that melatonin increased approximately 4.7 times the regularity of circadian activity rhythm and resting staying on average between 00:00 and 06:00 and showed positive effects in improving the quality of sleep and behavior. So, the actigraphy showed an ASD subject with a non-24-hour activity/rest rhythm which changed this rhythm to a 24-hour rhythm after melatonin administration. This result reinforces the prospect of therapy with melatonin for synchronization (increased regularity) of endogenous rhythms and improve sleep quality and hence behavior and indicates the actigraphy as a choice tool to characterize several parameters of the activity/rest rhythm of ASD individuals.
This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-sy... more This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-symptoms and Normal-behaviors (SWAN) rating scale in diagnostic and evolutive approaches to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and in correlational studies of the disorder. A review of articles published in indexed journals from electronic databases was conducted and 61 articles on the SWAN scale were analyzed. From these, 27 were selected to a) examine use of SWAN in research on attention disorders and b) verify evidence of its usefulness in the areas of genetics, neuropsychology, diagnostics, psychiatric comorbidities, neuroimaging, pharmacotherapy, and to examine its statistical reliability and validity in studies of diverse populations. This review of articles indicated a growing use of the SWAN scale for diagnostic purposes, for therapy, and in research on areas other than ADHD, especially when compared with other reliable scales. Use of the scale in ADHD diagnosis requires further statistical testing to define its psychometric properties.
Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cog-nitive problems in chi... more Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to cog-nitive problems in childhood and adolescence, and due to its associated hyperkinesias, it may also result in behavioral problems, which can lead to negative impressions amongst one's peers. Objective: To assess the impact of hyperkinesia reduction on the attention and behavior profiles of three children with the combined type of ADHD following an intervention featuring psychoactive medication. Methods: This pilot study was conducted at the Laboratory of Learning Difficulties and Disabilities and Attention Disorders (DISAPRE-UNICAMP). Objective data (including mean values of amplitude and frequency of movement over 24 hours) were obtained using an actigraph (a clock-like device), a behavioral assessment scale (the Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]), and the Strength and Weakness and ADHD Symptoms Normal Behavior (SWAN) rating scale (which was administered by clinicians and school staff members); these were cross-referenced to compare the child-ren's performance before and after the use of psychoactive medication. The treatment was introduced after 15 days and maintained thereafter for 30 days, and the results were statistically analyzed by means of actigraphic variables (L5 and M10) and by student's t-test (P < 0.05). Results: There was a simultaneous reduction in the actigraphic index, the attention deficit scores of hyperactivity for both the CBCL and SWAN, and the somatic disorder symptom scores of the CBCL. These results were statistically significant when examining the pre-and post-medication data for each individual in the sample. Conclusion: The reduction in hyperkinesias in the three patients with ADHD resulted in improvements in inattention, somatic symptoms, and emotional symptoms.
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