Soil erosion is the mechanical degradation caused by the natural forces and it is also influenced... more Soil erosion is the mechanical degradation caused by the natural forces and it is also influenced by human activities. The biggest threats are the related loss of fertile soil for food production and disturbances of aquatic ecosystems which could unbalance the environment in a wider range. Thus, precise predictions of the soil erosion processes are of a major importance for preventing any kind of environmental degradations. Spatial GIS modelling and erosion maps greatly support the policymaking for land planning and environmental management. Leça River Basin, with a surface of 187 km2, is located in the Northern part of Portugal and it was chosen for testing RUSLE methodology for soil loss prediction and identifying areas with high potential erosion. The model involves daily rainfall data for rainfall erosivity estimation, topographic data for slope length and steepness factor calculation, soil type data, CORINE land cover and land use data. The raster layer model was structured in two different scales: with a grid cell size of 10 and 30 meters. The similarities and differences between the model results of both scales were evaluated.
Hydrological processes are often multidimensional, therefore copula functions, which can be used ... more Hydrological processes are often multidimensional, therefore copula functions, which can be used for modelling multivariate events, seem to be an interesting mathematical tool to model these kind of processes. Symmetric and asymmetric copulas, mostly from Archimedean family, were used to model peak discharge (Q), hydrograph volume (V), hydrograph duration (D), hydrograph duration ratio (T), suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and bed load (BL) data from three European catchments. Parameters of the several parametric marginal distributions were estimated with the method of L-moments, furthermore copula parameters were estimated with the method of moments and the maximum pseudo-likelihood method. In most of the presented case studies Gumbel-Hougaard copula was selected as the most appropriate one based on several graphical and statistical goodness-of-fit criteria. Eventually primary and secondary return periods were calculated. The results indicate that copulas are a useful mathema...
The Dragonja experimental river basin was established in late 1999. The area belongs to the sub- ... more The Dragonja experimental river basin was established in late 1999. The area belongs to the sub- Mediterranean climate region and it is geologically composed on Eocene flysch. The region is interesting because in the last few decades it has been subjected to intensive natural reforestation as a consequence of discontinued agricultural land use. This has caused a decrease in minimal
Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 3, 2014
ABSTRACT In order to estimate large wood (LW) recruitment potential in torrential watersheds, and... more ABSTRACT In order to estimate large wood (LW) recruitment potential in torrential watersheds, and to describe the interactions of wood and torrential sediments in a cascading forested torrential channel, we performed a field survey of the lower reach of the Kuzlovec Torrent in the Gradascica watershed, using a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). The point cloud consisted of several million points. The points were coloured with images made with digital camera to support visual interpretation of the captured objects. Data were used to create digital terrain model (DTM) (0.05 m grid cell) of the torrential channel area to be used for modelling of torrential flows. Furthermore, the point cloud was used for recognition of fallen trees and dead wood (574 LW pieces were recognised), and the results were compared with manual dead wood survey. Approximately 20 % of the LW was not recognised using TLS if compared to the manual survey. The amount of LW was estimated to be ~0.1 m3 per running meter of the torrential channel, and dead tree volume (~30 m3/ha) was compared to the average forest stand for the area (346 m3/ha) – LW found close to the torrential channel represents ~8 % of the wooden biomass. The time consumed for the LW volume calculation stressed the need for the further automation of the procedures.
Mikoš, M.: The University and the highway program yesterday, today and tomorrow Univerza in avtoc... more Mikoš, M.: The University and the highway program yesterday, today and tomorrow Univerza in avtocestni program v eraj, danes in jutri prof.dr. Matjaž Mikoš, univ.dipl.inž.grad.
On 18/9/2007, large parts of Slovenia were hit by flash floods, caused by a large scale weather f... more On 18/9/2007, large parts of Slovenia were hit by flash floods, caused by a large scale weather front. The main reason for heavy rainfall was steady inflow of humid air masses from SW, strong instability of the atmosphere, and strong wind shearing in the lower atmosphere layer below 6 km. The local flash floods but also numerous small scale slides took 6 lives and caused close to 200 mio Euros direct damages on property (especially on public infrastructure: more than 1500 km of roads out of the total 60,000 km in Slovenia were claimed to be hit by the event), not including damage on cultural heritage and economic damage. Using the data from the official network of rainfall and discharge gauging stations, monitored by the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, a hydrological analysis of the event was performed. The real measured hydrographs were compared to historical data sets, and the runoff coefficients for selected hydrographs were computed for the September 2007 event. The runoff coefficients of the direct runoff were in the interval between 0.20 and 0.62.
Soil erosion is the mechanical degradation caused by the natural forces and it is also influenced... more Soil erosion is the mechanical degradation caused by the natural forces and it is also influenced by human activities. The biggest threats are the related loss of fertile soil for food production and disturbances of aquatic ecosystems which could unbalance the environment in a wider range. Thus, precise predictions of the soil erosion processes are of a major importance for preventing any kind of environmental degradations. Spatial GIS modelling and erosion maps greatly support the policymaking for land planning and environmental management. Leça River Basin, with a surface of 187 km2, is located in the Northern part of Portugal and it was chosen for testing RUSLE methodology for soil loss prediction and identifying areas with high potential erosion. The model involves daily rainfall data for rainfall erosivity estimation, topographic data for slope length and steepness factor calculation, soil type data, CORINE land cover and land use data. The raster layer model was structured in two different scales: with a grid cell size of 10 and 30 meters. The similarities and differences between the model results of both scales were evaluated.
Hydrological processes are often multidimensional, therefore copula functions, which can be used ... more Hydrological processes are often multidimensional, therefore copula functions, which can be used for modelling multivariate events, seem to be an interesting mathematical tool to model these kind of processes. Symmetric and asymmetric copulas, mostly from Archimedean family, were used to model peak discharge (Q), hydrograph volume (V), hydrograph duration (D), hydrograph duration ratio (T), suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and bed load (BL) data from three European catchments. Parameters of the several parametric marginal distributions were estimated with the method of L-moments, furthermore copula parameters were estimated with the method of moments and the maximum pseudo-likelihood method. In most of the presented case studies Gumbel-Hougaard copula was selected as the most appropriate one based on several graphical and statistical goodness-of-fit criteria. Eventually primary and secondary return periods were calculated. The results indicate that copulas are a useful mathema...
The Dragonja experimental river basin was established in late 1999. The area belongs to the sub- ... more The Dragonja experimental river basin was established in late 1999. The area belongs to the sub- Mediterranean climate region and it is geologically composed on Eocene flysch. The region is interesting because in the last few decades it has been subjected to intensive natural reforestation as a consequence of discontinued agricultural land use. This has caused a decrease in minimal
Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 3, 2014
ABSTRACT In order to estimate large wood (LW) recruitment potential in torrential watersheds, and... more ABSTRACT In order to estimate large wood (LW) recruitment potential in torrential watersheds, and to describe the interactions of wood and torrential sediments in a cascading forested torrential channel, we performed a field survey of the lower reach of the Kuzlovec Torrent in the Gradascica watershed, using a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). The point cloud consisted of several million points. The points were coloured with images made with digital camera to support visual interpretation of the captured objects. Data were used to create digital terrain model (DTM) (0.05 m grid cell) of the torrential channel area to be used for modelling of torrential flows. Furthermore, the point cloud was used for recognition of fallen trees and dead wood (574 LW pieces were recognised), and the results were compared with manual dead wood survey. Approximately 20 % of the LW was not recognised using TLS if compared to the manual survey. The amount of LW was estimated to be ~0.1 m3 per running meter of the torrential channel, and dead tree volume (~30 m3/ha) was compared to the average forest stand for the area (346 m3/ha) – LW found close to the torrential channel represents ~8 % of the wooden biomass. The time consumed for the LW volume calculation stressed the need for the further automation of the procedures.
Mikoš, M.: The University and the highway program yesterday, today and tomorrow Univerza in avtoc... more Mikoš, M.: The University and the highway program yesterday, today and tomorrow Univerza in avtocestni program v eraj, danes in jutri prof.dr. Matjaž Mikoš, univ.dipl.inž.grad.
On 18/9/2007, large parts of Slovenia were hit by flash floods, caused by a large scale weather f... more On 18/9/2007, large parts of Slovenia were hit by flash floods, caused by a large scale weather front. The main reason for heavy rainfall was steady inflow of humid air masses from SW, strong instability of the atmosphere, and strong wind shearing in the lower atmosphere layer below 6 km. The local flash floods but also numerous small scale slides took 6 lives and caused close to 200 mio Euros direct damages on property (especially on public infrastructure: more than 1500 km of roads out of the total 60,000 km in Slovenia were claimed to be hit by the event), not including damage on cultural heritage and economic damage. Using the data from the official network of rainfall and discharge gauging stations, monitored by the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, a hydrological analysis of the event was performed. The real measured hydrographs were compared to historical data sets, and the runoff coefficients for selected hydrographs were computed for the September 2007 event. The runoff coefficients of the direct runoff were in the interval between 0.20 and 0.62.
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