Papers by Manuel Gastelbondo
Plant Stress, Feb 29, 2024
Plants, Jun 23, 2024
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Acta Scientific Agriculture, 2019
The most efficient technique for the massive multiplication of orchids is micropropagation in vit... more The most efficient technique for the massive multiplication of orchids is micropropagation in vitro. Once plants are extracted from their containers they encounter abrupt changes in their environmental conditions, resulting in low survival rates. To avoid high levels of plant mortality an adaptation period called hardening is required. Conventional approaches for the hardening process apply expensive chemical substances such as pesticides and fertilizers that generate toxic residues. Alternative methodologies have explored the use of microorganisms to assist the adaptation phase, this is called bio-hardening. However, there are no reported scientific studies on the use of macro fungi in bio-hardening to the knowledge of the authors. The aim of this work is to explore the potential of macro fungi as bio-hardening agents of orchids. For this purpose, 5 macromycetes fungi where evaluated by co-culture to assist in the bio-hardening process of asymbiotically raised seedlings of orchids. Two orchid hybrids (Miltoniopsis Kumbia and LC. Irene Finney) and one species (Catasetum tabulare) where evaluated under co-culture treatments and a sterile substrate control during hardening. The results proved an enhanced development and improved survival rates for the co-cultured plantlets in comparison to the control. Survival rates are similar or better in comparison to other conventional and bio-hardening techniques mentioned in scientific studies. This is the first report to the knowledge of the authors of macromycetes used as bio-hardening agents of vitro plants and poses a new sustainable clean alternative for the ornamental plant industry. In vitro propagation is the most efficient technique for massive multiplication of plants, including orchids. During in vitro development, conditions are controlled and constant. When the plants are extracted from their containers, they phase abrupt changes in their environmental conditions resulting in a low survival rate. To avoid the high mortality of plants during this stage of the productive process it is required that said seedlings go through a period of adaptation called hardening. During this process the seedlings condition their physiology to the new environment (variations of temperature, luminosity, relative humidity and the presence of predatory and pathogenic organisms), the lack of this variations during the in vitro stage generate distortions in the development of the plants and repression or modulation of some metabolic routes. In accordance with the above, vitro plants have a reduced photosynthetic capacity, malfunction of the stomata, an altered root system (with fewer or without root hairs), a considerable decrease in osmotic potential and a low wax reserve with poor development of the cuticle [1]. The conventional approach to the hardening process requires the use of agrochemicals like fungicides, insecticides and bactericides, which complement the control of humidity, temperature and luminosity [2]. Although the use of agrochemicals during the adaptation stage can prevent the infection of seedlings by pathogens and pests, it does not solve the problem of susceptibility that plants face when lacking a beneficial fauna in their rhizosphere [3], nor it activates the synthesis and expression of plant defense mechanisms by means of metabolites such as phytoalexins, is flavonoids, amongst others, that provide protection against biotic and abiotic stress [4]. The use of agrochemicals also generates important costs in the processes of mass production of plants [2] and is also related to cause health and environmental problems due to contaminant residues [5-7]. In order to overcome the difficulties concerning the use of these substances during hardening, alternative methodologies have been explored to assist plants during their adaptation, exploiting the beneficial relationships between microorganisms and plants, thus originating a new technique called bio-hardening [7-10]. In general, studies related to this technique have focused on the use of bacteria [2] and micro fungi [8,9,11], with good results [12]. Although the use of micromycetes in bio-hardening has allowed the improvement in the survival rates, vigor of the plants and other attributes [11], these organisms present some disadvantages as are; the low commercial access to strains, the difficulty of taxonomic identification by non-molecular methods [13], the specificity of habitat and host interaction [3], a high production of mycotoxins
Acta Scientific Agriculture , 2019
The most efficient technique for the massive multiplication of orchids is micropropagation in vit... more The most efficient technique for the massive multiplication of orchids is micropropagation in vitro. Once plants are extracted from their containers they encounter abrupt changes in their environmental conditions, resulting in low survival rates. To avoid high levels of plant mortality an adaptation period called hardening is required. Conventional approaches for the hardening process apply expensive chemical substances such as pesticides and fertilizers that generate toxic residues. Alternative methodologies have explored the use of microorganisms to assist the adaptation phase, this is called bio-hardening. However, there are no reported scientific studies on the use of macro fungi in bio-hardening to the knowledge of the authors. The aim of this work is to explore the potential of macro fungi as bio-hardening agents of orchids. For this purpose, 5 macromycetes fungi where evaluated by co-culture to assist in the bio-hardening process of asymbiotically raised seedlings of orchids. Two orchid hybrids (Miltoniopsis Kumbia and LC. Irene Finney) and one species (Catasetum tabulare) where evaluated under co-culture
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Molecular Biology Reports
Teniendo en cuenta que la conservación de la biodiversidad requiere la implementación de acciones... more Teniendo en cuenta que la conservación de la biodiversidad requiere la implementación de acciones relacionadas con la investigación, educación, uso sostenible, protección de áreas silvestres, entre otras, surge la necesidad de que exista una hoja de ruta que permita conocer qué acciones se deben desarrollar, cuando se deben adelantar y quienes las deberán adelantar, desde la local hasta lo nacional. El país se encuentra en un momento en el que debe asumir un fuerte compromiso por promover la conservación de las plantas para hacer frente a las presiones a las que se están viendo sometidas poniendo en riesgo no solo su supervivencia sino también la de nosotros.Bogotá, D. C
Este libro presenta los resultados parciales del proyecto “Investigacion e innovacion tecnologica... more Este libro presenta los resultados parciales del proyecto “Investigacion e innovacion tecnologica y apropiacion social del conocimiento cientifico de orquideas nativas de Cundinamarca”, el cual fue desarrollado entre julio de 2015 y abril de 2018 por el Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, el Jardin Botanico de Bogota “Jose Celestino Mutis”, la Corporacion Colombiana de Investigacion Agropecuaria Corpoica y la Secretaria de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion de la Gobernacion de Cundinamarca. El proyecto surgio ante la necesidad de incrementar el conocimiento sobre la riqueza, ecologia, estado de conservacion y uso actual de las especies de orquideas nativas en Cundinamarca, y generar herramientas tecnologicas para su cultivo, como insumos para guiar acciones que permitan su aprovechamiento sostenible y preservacion. Esta iniciativa busco a su vez contribuir al posicionamiento de la biodiversidad como uno de los...
Books by Manuel Gastelbondo
El libro reúne los resultados del trabajo realizado por 31 autores de 7 entidades, organizados en... more El libro reúne los resultados del trabajo realizado por 31 autores de 7 entidades, organizados en ocho capítulos y tres secciones que abordan temas como la riqueza y diversidad de orquídeas en el departamento,
y el contexto social, normativo y técnico de su aprovechamiento comercial en los municipios de Fusagasugá, San Antonio del Tequendama y alrededores.
A su vez se brinda para un grupo de especies priorizadas por su potencial de aprovechamiento sostenible, información sobre su identificación genética y técnicas para su propagación tradicional e in vitro.
Finalmente, se presentan unos lineamientos para la conservación y aprovechamiento de este grupo de plantas, generados a partir de la información previa y la discusión con diferentes actores locales.
Instituciones y personas participantes en el taller para la construcción del Plan de Acción de la... more Instituciones y personas participantes en el taller para la construcción del Plan de Acción de la Estrategia Nacional para la Conservación de Plantas de Colombia realizado en noviembre del 2014.
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Papers by Manuel Gastelbondo
Books by Manuel Gastelbondo
y el contexto social, normativo y técnico de su aprovechamiento comercial en los municipios de Fusagasugá, San Antonio del Tequendama y alrededores.
A su vez se brinda para un grupo de especies priorizadas por su potencial de aprovechamiento sostenible, información sobre su identificación genética y técnicas para su propagación tradicional e in vitro.
Finalmente, se presentan unos lineamientos para la conservación y aprovechamiento de este grupo de plantas, generados a partir de la información previa y la discusión con diferentes actores locales.
y el contexto social, normativo y técnico de su aprovechamiento comercial en los municipios de Fusagasugá, San Antonio del Tequendama y alrededores.
A su vez se brinda para un grupo de especies priorizadas por su potencial de aprovechamiento sostenible, información sobre su identificación genética y técnicas para su propagación tradicional e in vitro.
Finalmente, se presentan unos lineamientos para la conservación y aprovechamiento de este grupo de plantas, generados a partir de la información previa y la discusión con diferentes actores locales.