Papers by Julia McQuillan
The Journal of STEM Outreach, 2021
Advances in Gender Research, 2014
ABSTRACT Purpose — This chapter contrasts “ideal worker” with “real worker” characteristics among... more ABSTRACT Purpose — This chapter contrasts “ideal worker” with “real worker” characteristics among STEM faculty in gendered organizations. The gap between the two reveals the need for academic institutions to revise the notion of and the policies for typical faculty members. Design — All STEM faculty at a Midwestern research intensive university were asked to participate in a mail and web-based survey to study faculty experiences within departments. The response rate was 70%. Faculty were then categorized by their employment, education, and parent status, and by the work status of their spouse/partner, to assess how closely the faculty matched the ideal academic worker: a faculty member with a full-time home-maker partner. Findings — Only 13% of the surveyed STEM faculty resemble the “ideal worker” by having a partner who is not employed and who ensures all family care giving. The vast majority of STEM faculty are men with an employed partner who is more likely to have a professional (33%) rather than a nonprofessional (22%) degree. Research limitations — Only one, public, research-intensive institution in the Midwest United States was surveyed and therefore findings cannot be generalized to faculty at other research intensive institutions or to other types of institutions. Practical implications — Rather than adding policies to attract women into academia, we find an urgent need make academic institutions rethink to match the reality of most faculty. Increasing flexibility in the academic workplace is not a “women’s issue” but a “faculty issue.” Value — This paper provides evidence that supports institutional change to accommodate the new academic workers, most of whom are part of dual career couples.
Social Science & Medicine, 2010
Several recent studies have examined the connection between religion and medical service utilizat... more Several recent studies have examined the connection between religion and medical service utilization. This relationship is complicated because religiosity may be associated with beliefs that either promote or hinder medical helpseeking. The current study uses structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between religion and fertility-related helpseeking using a probability sample of 2183 infertile women in the United States. We found that, although religiosity is not directly associated with helpseeking for infertility, it is indirectly associated through mediating variables that operate in opposing directions. More specifically, religiosity is associated with greater belief in the importance of motherhood, which in turn is associated with increased likelihood of helpseeking. Religiosity is also associated with greater ethical concerns about infertility treatment, which are associated with decreased likelihood of helpseeking. Additionally, the relationships are not linear throughout the helpseeking process. Thus, the influence of religiosity on infertility helpseeking is indirect and complex. These findings support the growing consensus that religiously-based behaviours and beliefs are associated with levels of health service utilization.
World, Jun 1, 2012
Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups with 16 high school students expl... more Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews and focus groups with 16 high school students explored the students' reactions to elements of the graphic story in greater detail. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative analysis was conducted using a general thematic coding approach.
Chapter 11 The Importance of Variation Among Men and the Benefits of Feminism for Families Julia ... more Chapter 11 The Importance of Variation Among Men and the Benefits of Feminism for Families Julia McQuillan Myra Marx Ferree University of Connecticut Gottman (chap. 9, this volume) offers several provocative ideas in his very wide-ranging chapter. In addressing these ideas, we ...
Gender & Society, 1998
Methodology is often a point of contention in gender-based salary studies. Although this debate s... more Methodology is often a point of contention in gender-based salary studies. Although this debate seems at first to be merely about technical issues, it also has an important conceptual dimension. We argue that there are two competing implicit conceptions of discrimination, one institutional and the other individual, that underlie many such debates. We first contrast the preferred methodologies advanced by each side, the policy capturing approach and the flagging approach, and explore the theoretical meaning of their statistical models. We then describe a practical application of both methodological approaches in one specific salary inequity study. In conclusion, we reflect on the implications of such practical statistical choices, discuss how such models can be combined, and make suggestions for sociologists who act as statistical experts or work with them in gender-based salary inequity studies on their own campuses. Over 100 studies have evaluated possible gender-based discrimination in salaries at academic institutions in the United States . There are generally two opposing sides interested in these discrimination studies, a faculty committee or union representing employees that believes gender-based discrimination exists, and an administration team that often believes none exists. A central issue for both sides involves the choice of method for determining the existence of a possible gender-based pay dif-7
Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1999
This article argues that task-specific measures of the division of household labor form a gender ... more This article argues that task-specific measures of the division of household labor form a gender hierarchy that reflects dimensions of meaning in the organization of household work. We contrast these measures to the commonly used time-share and Likert scale measures, which assume all tasks are interchangeable. Using Guttman scaling, we test the unidimensionality of this task hierarchy. Using odds ratios, we measure relationships between specific tasks, and using logistic regression, we see differences in correlates of husbands' participation by task and interrelationships among tasks that persist, controlling for gender ideology and socioeconomic factors. This work should encourage development of measures of change in the segregation of household tasks by gender.
Research in Science Education, 2013
Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +B... more Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media Dordrecht. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be selfarchived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com".
Social Science Research, 2005
Past research has assessed gender differences in delinquency due to differential social controls,... more Past research has assessed gender differences in delinquency due to differential social controls, yet important questions remain regarding gender and social bonding. As much of this work was premised on Hirschi's measurement of the social bond, we examine whether gender moderates two parts of the social bond: the measurement of the social bond and structural differences between the social bond and delinquency. Using multiple-group structural equation modeling, we find that neither the measures of the social bond nor their relationships with property crime are gender-specific. The structural relationship between the elements of the social bond and violent delinquency differs slightly for boys and girls. We discuss implications of this research for social control theory, measuring the social bond and for gender-specific theories of social bonding and control.
Journal of Sport & Social Issues
Golf does not inherently privilege men or women physically, yet men are much more likely to parti... more Golf does not inherently privilege men or women physically, yet men are much more likely to participate in golf. The authors explore the institutional(e.g., societal level) and interactional barriers to women’s golf participation and uncover strategies women use to negotiate playing and persisting in golf. Guided by research on tokenism in occupations, statistical discrimination, and feminist research in the sociology of sport, the authors use 10 interviews with recreational women golfers to explore these issues. Similar to women in predominantly male occupations, the women in this study report heightened visibility and experiences with typecasting on the golf course. In addition, social closure operates in the form of unwelcoming courses; women reported feeling ignored, overlooked, or unimportant on the course. The authors discuss several strategies the women in the sample use to overcome sexism and persist in golf.
Abstract Background and Objectives: This study's purpose was to simultaneously investigate demogr... more Abstract Background and Objectives: This study's purpose was to simultaneously investigate demographic, socioeconomic status, health status, and access-to-care factors to see if they could explain racial/ethnic differences in the odds of reproductive-aged women having a regular physician and perceptions of those women about their care. Methods: Data come from a nationally representative sample of 4,520 women ages 25–45.
Is there an association between occupational racial composition and nonfatal workplace injuries? ... more Is there an association between occupational racial composition and nonfatal workplace injuries? Guided by several labor market theories (queuing, social closure, devaluation, poor market position, and human capital), we use occupational data from the US Census and Dictionary of Occupational Titles combined with individual data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to answer this question.
Abstract Golf does not inherently privilege men or women physically, yet men are much more likely... more Abstract Golf does not inherently privilege men or women physically, yet men are much more likely to participate in golf. The authors explore the institutional (eg, societal level) and interactional barriers to women's golf participation and uncover strategies women use to negotiate playing and persisting in golf. Guided by research on tokenism in occupations, statistical discrimination, and feminist research in the sociology of sport, the authors use 10 interviews with recreational women golfers to explore these issues.
Abstract Methodology is often a point of contention in gender-based salary studies. Although this... more Abstract Methodology is often a point of contention in gender-based salary studies. Although this debate seems at first to be merely about technical issues, it also has an important conceptual dimension. We argue that there are two competing implicit conceptions of discrimination, one institutional and the other individual, that underlie many such debates.
OBJECTIVE: To present an integrated model of help-seeking, review empirical work in its support, ... more OBJECTIVE: To present an integrated model of help-seeking, review empirical work in its support, and show its application to the explanation of racial and ethnic disparities in infertility help-seeking. DESIGN: Review. SETTING: None. PATIENT (S): None. INTERVENTION (S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE (S): None. RESULT (S): None. CONCLUSION (S): A help-seeking model provides a plausible explanation of observed disparities in infertility help-seeking.
This article argues that task-specific measures of the division of household labor form a gender ... more This article argues that task-specific measures of the division of household labor form a gender hierarchy that reflects dimensions of meaning in the organization of household work. We contrast these measures to the commonly used time-share and Likert scale measures, which assume all tasks are interchangeable. Using Guttman scaling, we test the unidimensionality of this task hierarchy.
Objective. To determine whether a previous episode of major depression leaves a “scar” that place... more Objective. To determine whether a previous episode of major depression leaves a “scar” that places previously depressed patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at risk for experiencing high levels of pain, fatigue, and disability. Methods. A cohort of 203 patients with RA was randomly selected from a national panel and interviewed by phone about pain, fatigue, depressive symptoms, disability, and history of major depression. Results.
Using a random sample of 580 Midwestern women, we test the hypothesis that women who have experie... more Using a random sample of 580 Midwestern women, we test the hypothesis that women who have experienced infertility report higher psychological distress. Approximately one third of our sample reports having experienced infertility sometime in their lives, although the majority of the infertile now have biological children. Drawing hypotheses from identity and stress theories, we examine whether roles or resources condition the effects of infertility or whether its effects are limited to childless women.
A random sample of women in the Midwestern United States was studied in order to provide a fuller... more A random sample of women in the Midwestern United States was studied in order to provide a fuller picture of the ways in which US women responded to subfecundity. Using a biomedical definition of infertility, we examined women who did not conceive within 12 months of unprotected intercourse whether they were trying to get pregnant or not. Of the 196 ever‐subfecund women in our sample, 123 experienced subfecundity while trying to get pregnant; we called these 'subfecund with intent'.
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Papers by Julia McQuillan