Papers by Raditya Iswandana
journal of applied pharmaceutical science, 2018
Caffeine is a methyl xanthine alkaloid that has been widely used in cosmetic products as anti-cel... more Caffeine is a methyl xanthine alkaloid that has been widely used in cosmetic products as anti-cellulite. Caffeine has a hydrophilic character, thus it has difficulty in penetrating the lipid layer of the skin. The aims of this study were to formulate sticks containing emulsion and microemulsion caffeine (control stick), caffeine emulsions (emulsion stick), and caffeine microemulsion (microemulsion stick) and compare the penetration between them. Caffeine was made in the form of water in oil emulsions and microemulsion then form into sticks-shaped with the lipophilic component. All sticks were physically and chemically evaluated. The penetration of caffeine through Sprague-Dawley rat skin using Franz Diffusion Cell were tested for 12 hours. The penetration result of caffeine from control stick, emulsion stick, and microemulsion stick were 306.42 ± 34.92 µg/cm2, 927.75 ± 57.38 µg/cm2, and 2408.68 ± 81.65 µg/cm2 respectively, with percentage 5.90 ± 0.67%, 12.76 ± 0.78%, and 35.23 ± 1.1...
Introduction Clinical studies have shown a high incidence of biliary epithelial injury after cold... more Introduction Clinical studies have shown a high incidence of biliary epithelial injury after cold ischemic preservation of donor livers. Insufficient epithelial regeneration from the peribiliary glands (PBGs) has been proposed as a critical mechanism in the pathogenesis of biliary strictures after transplantation. Severe biliary epithelial injury requires proliferation and mobilization of biliary progenitor cells nested in PBGs. Studies on the pathogenesis and prevention of biliary strictures are hampered by the lack of suitable laboratory and animal models. Precision-cut tissue slices are a widely used ex vivo technique, in which thin slices of human tissue are cultured and kept viable with intact intercellular and cell-matrix interactions for up to several days. Aims The aim of this study was to generate precision-cut bile duct slices and study their suitability as a model to study the regenerative capacity of PBGs in donor bile ducts. Methods Large bile ducts of cold preserved li...
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2018
Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate and prepare film-coated tablets containin... more Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate and prepare film-coated tablets containing Momordica charantia Linn. to mask its bitter taste. Methods : The core tablets of Momordica charantia Linn. were prepared by wet granulation method using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) as a binder, and then coated with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) 5%. Film coating formulation was made in 3 formulae using the additional amount of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 as the plasticizer at 16%, 20%, and 24% concentration of HPMC weight. The obtained film-coated tablet was evaluated including organoleptic, the percentage of weight increase, surface morphology, coating thickness, disintegration time, and taste masking evaluation. Taste masking evaluation was performed on 30 respondents by giving the bitter taste level questionnaire of the three formulae film-coated tablets, core, and extract powders. Results : Film-coated tablets that coated by using 20% PEG 400 as plasticizer ha...
Advanced Science Letters, 2018
Nanopraticles can be prepared by several methods and the ionic gelation method is the easiest one... more Nanopraticles can be prepared by several methods and the ionic gelation method is the easiest one. Verapamil hydrochloride is a drug which used as antiarrhythmic, antiangina, and antihypertension therapy. Nevertheless, bioavailability of orally administered verapamil is very low, only about 10 to 23%. Therefore, verapamil hydrochloride was prepared as nanoparticles dosage form to increase its  bioavailability. The purpose of the present study was to optimize ionic gelation method of chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate to obtain the best nanoparticles formulation. Nanoparticles were obtained from four different methods (formula A, B, C and D). Particle size distribution, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, morphology, and fourier transform infra red spectrum of each nanoparticles formula were characterized. The chosen formula was formula D which has 62.8 nm of size, 59.15% of entrapment efficiency, ±25.46 mV of zeta potential, spherical shape, and the ionic interaction was conf...
Background: Recently, we developed a novel model for drug screening by culturing ex-vivo precisio... more Background: Recently, we developed a novel model for drug screening by culturing ex-vivo precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS). The tissue slice consists of multiple cell types still in their normal matrix environment and structure provides numerous advantages compare to other models. Our objective was to use this model to investigate the effect of various potential compounds. In this study precision-cut intestinal slices (PCIS) were used to evaluate some transforming growth factor (TGF- β) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) pathway inhibitors. TGF-β and PDGF are key cytokines in fibrotic and cancer diseases and are the main targets for treatment. Methods: Murine PCIS were cultured for 48 h in the presence of profibrotic and/or antifibrotic compounds. The fibrotic process was studied on gene and protein level using a variety of markers including (pro)collagen 1a1 (Col1a1), heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47), fibronectin (Fn2) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). The effects...
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, May 30, 2018
Colon drug delivery systems are widely used to deliver active substances and provide better thera... more Colon drug delivery systems are widely used to deliver active substances and provide better therapeutic effects to the site of disease in the colon, i.e., treatment for intestinal fibrosis. In this study, we aimed to formulate tetrandrine into calcium-alginate beads coated by Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose Phthalate (HPMCP), Cellulose Acetate Phthalate (CAP), Eudragit L100-55 or Eudragit L100 as colon targeted dosage to provide better antifibrosis effect at the site of disease. Among dosage forms, beads provide some advantages for colon drug delivery system, especially for its flexibility in dosing. Calcium alginate-tetrandrine beads were prepared in three formulae with various concentrations of calcium chloride as a crosslinking agent (2%, 3%, and 4%). All formulae were characterized by its morphology, particle size, moisture content, process yield, entrapment efficiency, thermal character, crystallinity, and swelling. The obtained beads possessed almost spherical and particle size distribution of 742.753-780.683 μm. Formula 2, with a ratio of sodium alginate and CaCl 2 2:3, showed the best entrapment efficiency of 82.46 ± 2.73%. Formula 2 was then coated with HPMCP HP-55, CAP, Eudragit L100-55 or Eudragit L100 and measured for its drug release profile invitro. The results showed that the beads which were coated with 10% CAP were able to hold the drug released in the gastric and provide better released of tetrandrine in the colon condition (67.68%). This result also confirmed with the in-vivo test. Beads which were coated by CAP 10% could be found in the rat intestine.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, Sep 1, 2017
Objectives: Pectin, a natural polysaccharide, can be used as colon targeted drug delivery systems... more Objectives: Pectin, a natural polysaccharide, can be used as colon targeted drug delivery systems. Ionotropic gelation of pectin in the presence of certain divalent cations, such as calcium ions, protects drugs by producing insoluble hydrogels that can be used as a colon-targeted drug delivery carrier. In this study, calcium pectinate beads containing tetrandrine were made and were evaluated for in-vitro drug release and in-vivo study. Methods: Calcium pectinate beads were prepared by ionic gelation method with varied calcium chloride concentration (5%, 10%, and 15%). The best formula was coated with pH sensitive polymers, i.e., Eudragit L100-55, Eudragit L100, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate HP-55 or cellulose acetate phthalate. Results: Characterization results showed that the beads produced were quite spherical and had yellow-brownish color. After the coating process, beads were used in in-vitro drug release and targeted test. From in-vitro release study, beads coated with Eudragit L100 10% has shown good colon targeted dosage form with percent cumulative release 57.87%. This result also confirmed with the in-vivo test. Beads which were coated by Eudragit L100 10% could be found in the rat intestine. Conclusion: Formula 1 (5% calcium chloride concentration) was chosen as the best beads characterization. Formula 1C (5% beads coated with 10% Eudragit L100) showed an optimal protection from gastric acid in the in-vitro release study and able to deliver the beads to the intestine in the in-vivo targeted test.
Journal of Young Pharmacists, Jul 13, 2018
Objectives: The aim of this work was to produce the solid dispersion of glimepiride (GMP-SD) base... more Objectives: The aim of this work was to produce the solid dispersion of glimepiride (GMP-SD) based on the coprocessed excipient of polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP), maltodextrin (MD) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Methods:
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science
Oxyresveratrol is a polyphenolic compound found in Mulberry (Morus alba L.) twigs and has known a... more Oxyresveratrol is a polyphenolic compound found in Mulberry (Morus alba L.) twigs and has known as a skinlightening agent. Many methods can be applied to extract oxyresveratrol from Mulberry twigs. This research aimed to optimize the extraction method by using surfactant Tween 80 and Tween 20-based microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Extraction parameters, including solvent concentration, liquid-solid ratio, and extraction time for oxyresveratrol, were optimized using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken Design. This research also extracted the oxyresveratrol by maceration, and then the oxyresveratrol content from each extraction method was compared. Oxyresveratrol content was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For Tween 80, the optimum condition was obtained at 10.5 mM, 30:1 ml/g liquid-solid ratio, and 10 minutes extraction time. For Tween 20, the optimum condition was obtained at 100 mM, 40:1 ml/g liquid-solid ratio, and 5 minutes extraction time. Oxyresveratrol content was 0.0146 mg/g dried sample and 0.0172 mg/g dried sample at the optimum condition of Tween 80 and Tween 20 surfactant, respectively. Meanwhile, the oxyresveratrol content of the maceration method with 96% ethanol was 1.5704 mg/g dried sample. In conclusion, these results show that the application of Tween 80 and Tween 20 as solvents for MAE of Oxyresveratrol from mulberry twigs was not fully successful since other extraction conditions should be considered, such as temperature, pH, and microwave energy.
Journal of Crohn's & colitis, 2015
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2014
The intestine plays an important role in the absorption of, among others, nutrients and water, an... more The intestine plays an important role in the absorption of, among others, nutrients and water, and intestinal malfunctioning will lead to a systemic imbalance of these components. This thesis focused on intestinal fibrosis, a pathological process that is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in the intestine, which will ultimately result in loss of function. Intestinal fibrosis is predominantly found in patients with Crohn’s disease. To this day, there remains an urgent need to find an effective therapy for intestinal fibrosis. This thesis delineates the use of precision-cut intestinal slice (PCIS) as a tool to study the pathophysiology of intestinal fibrosis, as well as a drug-screening platform. We successfully used this model to test the antifibrotic potential of putative drugs. Furthermore, we studied regional differences in fibrogenesis and drug metabolism. Essentially, the human PCIS model, which is highly efficient and relatively easy to...
Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been developed as a promising effective site-specific ... more Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been developed as a promising effective site-specific drug to increase drug efficacy and reduce potentialside effects. However, AuNPs are unstable because they easily aggregate. This study aims to produce stable resveratrol (RSV)-conjugated AuNPs usingpolyvinyl alcohol (PVA).Methods: AuNPs were synthesized using the Turkevich method, which involves the reduction of chloroauric acid with sodium citrate as a reductor.AuNPs were then modified with PVA as a stabilizing agent and conjugated with RSV as a drug model in the carrier system. The formed conjugates werecharacterized using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size analysis, and high-performanceliquid chromatography. Furthermore, stability tests were performed in various media (2% bovine serum albumin [BSA], 1% cysteine, phosphatebufferedsaline [PBS] pH 4, PBS pH 7.4, and 0.9% NaCl) for 28 days.Results: RSV–AuNPs–PVA had a particle siz...
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
Objective: This research aims to observe the pharmacokinetic parameters that can be predicted usi... more Objective: This research aims to observe the pharmacokinetic parameters that can be predicted using a software, discover the best software to predictpharmacokinetic properties, and analyze the correlation between pharmacokinetic parameters used as descriptors with absorption percentage(%ABS) from references.Methods: This research was conducted using Molinspiration, QikProp, admetSAR, SwissADME, Chemicalize, and pkCSM software. This researchanalyzed 34 oral systemic drug compounds for absorption rate and six descriptors comprising molecular weight (MW), logP, hydrogen bond acceptor(HBA), hydrogen bond donor (HBD), polar surface area (PSA), and pKa.Results: SwissADME showed the most accurate prediction of MW, logP, and HBD. Chemicalize showed the most accurate prediction of HBA, PSA, andpKa. Further, admetSAR showed the most accurate prediction of Caco-2 permeability. The highest R value was obtained from the correlation between%ABS with Caco-2 permeability on 34 drug compounds (R=0.8...
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be used as targeted drug delivery systems, however, AuN... more Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be used as targeted drug delivery systems, however, AuNPs have high surface energy and easily aggregate,thus negatively impacting nanoparticle stability. Therefore, it is necessary to add a stabilizing agent to AuNPs. To synthesize AuNPs stabilized bypolyethylene glycol conjugated to folic acid (FA), thus creating a model drug (resveratrol [RSV]) carrier that targets FA receptors on cancer cells.Methods: AuNPs were synthesized using the Turkevich method and stabilized by adding FA conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG). After RSV wasloaded, the conjugate was physically characterized and subjected to stability tests.Results: The RSV-AuNP had an average particle size of 51.97 nm (polydispersity index [PDI] 0.694, zeta potential – 24.6 mV). The RSV-AuNP-PEG-FAconjugate (RSV-AuNP-PEG-FA) had an average particle size of 195.6 nm (PDI=0.233, zeta potential=−21.1 mV). Stability tests showed that RSV-AuNPPEG-FA was more stable than RSV-AuNP. Furthe...
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics
Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are highly useful for drug delivery, but their application ... more Objective: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are highly useful for drug delivery, but their application is limited by their stability as they readily aggregate.This issue can be prevented by adding a stabilizing agent such as resveratrol (RSV), which is a polyphenol derived from plants, that is used to preventcancer. Therefore, we propose a novel method to prepare stable RSV-conjugated nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol (RSV-AuNP-PEG).Methods: In the first step, the Turkevich method was used to synthesize the AuNPs. Then, PEG was added as stabilizer agent and conjugated with RSV.The synthesized conjugates were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle sizeanalysis, and high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: The obtained RSV-AuNP-PEG had a particle size of 83.93 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.562 and formed a translucent purple-redfluid in solution. The zeta potential was −22.9 mV, and the hi...
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Papers by Raditya Iswandana