The concept “Translation” has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but lit... more The concept “Translation” has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but little attention has been devoted to the personalities of the translators in their translation works. The concern of this essay is to consider the personalities of the translators of D.O. Fagunwa’s novel, Igbó Olódùmarè in line with the theories of Natural and Directional equivalence to foreground the idea that translation is heavily dependent on the translators’ personality. It was found that translators’ motive, purpose, language choice, and religious background have an immense influence on their approach to translation.
Ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀ nà ni àwọn onímọ̀ ti dá lábàá fún síṣe àwárí tàbí ìṣẹ̀ dá ọ̀ rọ̀ -ìperí nínú èdè Yorùbá,... more Ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀ nà ni àwọn onímọ̀ ti dá lábàá fún síṣe àwárí tàbí ìṣẹ̀ dá ọ̀ rọ̀ -ìperí nínú èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni ìsàlàyé, ìhun-ọ̀rọ̀-pọ̀ , ìfisàpẹrẹ, ìlòwe, ọ̀ rọ̀ -àyálò, ìfẹ[1]ìtumọ̀ -lójú àti bẹ́ ẹ̀ bẹ́ ẹ̀ lọ. Ìfẹ-ìtumọ̀ lójú ni ó jẹ ìwádìí yìí lógún nípa wíwá ọ̀ rọ̀ ìperí fún àrùn Kòkòrò-Apa-Sójà-Ara ̣ (KASA) àti Èbólà. A ṣe àgbéyẹ̀ wò 1572 ọ̀ rọ̀ tí Yusuff, Adétúnjí àti Odoje (2017) jẹ́ olóòtú fún, a sì fa àwọn tí wọ́ n fẹ ìtumọ̀ wọn lójú yọ fún ìṣẹ́ ìwádìí ti wa. A ṣàwárí pé oríṣìí mẹ́ tà ọ̀ tọ̀ ọ̀ tọ̀ ni irú àwọn ọ̀ rọ̀ yìí; kò sì sí ìyọnu láti ní òye ìtumọ̀ tuntun tí a wà wọ àwọn ọ̀ rọ̀ náà lọ́ rùn. Ó tilẹ̀ mú ìtumọ̀ gbéetán bá àwọn ọ̀ rọ̀ tuntun tí a lò wọ́ n fún.
The computer now translates human language without having any understanding of it. How does this ... more The computer now translates human language without having any understanding of it. How does this happen? The answer to the question is the concern of this paper. This paper opines that even though machines could only count and match for translation, the deficiencies seen in its translation are not majorly computer’s rather the exploration of language acquisition. The paper explores two opposing views on language acquisition and used them to explain the processes of machine translation using Google translator and Ibadan on-going SMT research as an example. It concludes that when a human can adequately explain human language acquisition then there could be an answer to modeling machine to master human language for translation.
Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following ... more Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following the coordinated activities of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Nigeria still remains one of the most burdened countries in the world with about 3 million people living with HIV. Increasing enlightenment campaigns on HIV and AIDS have not been able to achieve remarkable behaviour change as a result of the non-use of appropriate nomenclatures. Given the low literacy rate of Nigerians in English (about 61% based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics), communication strategies can only be effective when indigenous Nigerian languages have standardised and appropriate nomenclatures for HIV and AIDS. This study argues that the use of appropriate terms in the local languages in referring to HIV and AIDS is capable of reducing the stigmatisation and discrimination of people living with HIV and AIDS, and consequently reduce the spread of HIV through behaviour change. Accordingly, t...
Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following ... more Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following the coordinated activities of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Nigeria still remains one of the most burdened countries in the world with about 3 million people living with HIV. Increasing enlightenment campaigns on HIV and AIDS have not been able to achieve remarkable behaviour change as a result of the non-use of appropriate nomenclatures. Given the low literacy rate of Nigerians in English (about 61% based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics), communication strategies can only be effective when indigenous Nigerian languages have standardised and appropriate nomenclatures for HIV and AIDS. This study argues that the use of appropriate terms in the local languages in referring to HIV and AIDS is capable of reducing the stigmatisation and discrimination of people living with HIV and AIDS, and consequently reduce the spread of HIV through behaviour change. Accordingly, t...
Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following ... more Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following the coordinated activities of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Nigeria still remains one of the most burdened countries in the world with about 3 million people living with HIV. Increasing enlightenment campaigns on HIV and AIDS have not been able to achieve remarkable behaviour change as a result of the non-use of appropriate nomenclatures. Given the low literacy rate of Nigerians in English (about 61% based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics), communication strategies can only be effective when indigenous Nigerian languages have standardised and appropriate nomenclatures for HIV and AIDS. This study argues that the use of appropriate terms in the local languages in referring to HIV and AIDS is capable of reducing the stigmatisation and discrimination of people living with HIV and AIDS, and consequently reduce the spread of HIV through behaviour change. Accordingly, t...
The computer now translates human language without having any
understanding of it. How does this ... more The computer now translates human language without having any understanding of it. How does this happen? The answer to the question is the concern of this paper. This paper opines that even though machines could only count and match for translation, the deficiencies seen in its translation are not majorly computer’s rather the exploration of language acquisition. The paper explores two opposing views on language acquisition and used them to explain the processes of machine translation using Google translator and Ibadan on-going SMT research as an example. It concludes that when a human can adequately explain human language acquisition then there could be an answer to modeling machine to master human language for translation.
The West African Ebola outbreak of 2014 was declared a public health emergency of international c... more The West African Ebola outbreak of 2014 was declared a public health emergency of international concern under the International Health Regulations by the World Health Organisation (WHO) Director-General. In spite of the devastating nature of Ebola, many Nigerians do not have access to information on the disease in the language they understand best. This study therefore translates Ebola-associated terms into Nigeria's three major languages (i.e. Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba) with a view to making information on Ebola accessible to the grassroots population. It also embarked on a survey of 9 purposively selected states where the major languages are predominantly spoken as L1 in order to determine the level of stakeholders' familiarity with Ebola as well as their opinions on the need for Ebola-associated lexicon in Nigerian indigenous languages.
The task of Machine Translation is not just about translating the text of a language to another b... more The task of Machine Translation is not just about translating the text of a language to another but also its evaluation so as to monitor its improvement particularly in fluency, accuracy and efficiency. However, the only available free machine translation on Yoruba-English is "Google Translate" which has been observed to be grossly inadequate. This paper therefore examines translations done by Google Translate as against human translation in order to investigate why machine translation applications make some errors while translating human natural language. There are many matrix evaluators to do this. This paper adopts human evaluation also known as manual evaluation which is considered to be more efficient, but costly. The paper adopts Ibadan and Akungba Structured Sentence Paradigm to evaluate the translators (Google Translate and human). The translations were sent to twenty human evaluators out of which only eleven responded. The responses were subjected to statistical analysis. Findings show that human translation fares better in terms of accuracy and fluency which are informed by the quality and the quantity of training data. This paper suggests that more data, especially literary texts, should be acquired to train the translator for general efficiency and fluency.
YORUBA STUDIES REVIEW VOLUME 4, NUMBER 1, FALL 2019, 2019
The concept "Translation" has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but lit... more The concept "Translation" has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but little attention has been devoted to the personalities of the translators in their translation works. The concern of this essay is to consider the personalities of the translators of D.O. Fagunwa's novel, Igbó Olódùmarè in line with the theories of Natural and Directional equivalence to foreground the idea that translation is heavily dependent on the translators' personality. It was found that translators' motive, purpose, language choice, and religious background have an immense influence on their approach to translation.
The Journal of the Yorùbá Studies Association of Nigeria, 2019
yà àwọn àkójọp-r n ẹka k. Fernandes ti e àtúnpín ìpẹka tí Baker (1995) e ùgb yọ ohun tí súndáre p... more yà àwọn àkójọp-r n ẹka k. Fernandes ti e àtúnpín ìpẹka tí Baker (1995) e ùgb yọ ohun tí súndáre pè ní ògbuf ẹl wà-èdè síl. Èyí mú kí ó di dandan láti e àtúnpín i r kí á sì fi ààyè gba àwọn àtojọ-r àwọ k wé il Afíríkà. Ohun tí a e gan-an ni láti e àgbéy wò i e Baker àti Fernandes, a sì lò w n láti e àfikún àwọn èròjà il Afíríkà tí a sọnù nínú i ọ k k èròjà ìpẹka lásán, yóó fẹ àkójọ-r àdálórí k ògbuf lójú tó b tí àbájádé i ìwádìí báyìí yóó sì wúlò fún ìk ni àti ìlanil y .
The concept “Translation” has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but lit... more The concept “Translation” has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but little attention has been devoted to the personalities of the translators in their translation works. The concern of this essay is to consider the personalities of the translators of D.O. Fagunwa’s novel, Igbó Olódùmarè in line with the theories of Natural and Directional equivalence to foreground the idea that translation is heavily dependent on the translators’ personality. It was found that translators’ motive, purpose, language choice, and religious background have an immense influence on their approach to translation.
Ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀ nà ni àwọn onímọ̀ ti dá lábàá fún síṣe àwárí tàbí ìṣẹ̀ dá ọ̀ rọ̀ -ìperí nínú èdè Yorùbá,... more Ọ̀pọ̀ ọ̀ nà ni àwọn onímọ̀ ti dá lábàá fún síṣe àwárí tàbí ìṣẹ̀ dá ọ̀ rọ̀ -ìperí nínú èdè Yorùbá, lára wọn ni ìsàlàyé, ìhun-ọ̀rọ̀-pọ̀ , ìfisàpẹrẹ, ìlòwe, ọ̀ rọ̀ -àyálò, ìfẹ[1]ìtumọ̀ -lójú àti bẹ́ ẹ̀ bẹ́ ẹ̀ lọ. Ìfẹ-ìtumọ̀ lójú ni ó jẹ ìwádìí yìí lógún nípa wíwá ọ̀ rọ̀ ìperí fún àrùn Kòkòrò-Apa-Sójà-Ara ̣ (KASA) àti Èbólà. A ṣe àgbéyẹ̀ wò 1572 ọ̀ rọ̀ tí Yusuff, Adétúnjí àti Odoje (2017) jẹ́ olóòtú fún, a sì fa àwọn tí wọ́ n fẹ ìtumọ̀ wọn lójú yọ fún ìṣẹ́ ìwádìí ti wa. A ṣàwárí pé oríṣìí mẹ́ tà ọ̀ tọ̀ ọ̀ tọ̀ ni irú àwọn ọ̀ rọ̀ yìí; kò sì sí ìyọnu láti ní òye ìtumọ̀ tuntun tí a wà wọ àwọn ọ̀ rọ̀ náà lọ́ rùn. Ó tilẹ̀ mú ìtumọ̀ gbéetán bá àwọn ọ̀ rọ̀ tuntun tí a lò wọ́ n fún.
The computer now translates human language without having any understanding of it. How does this ... more The computer now translates human language without having any understanding of it. How does this happen? The answer to the question is the concern of this paper. This paper opines that even though machines could only count and match for translation, the deficiencies seen in its translation are not majorly computer’s rather the exploration of language acquisition. The paper explores two opposing views on language acquisition and used them to explain the processes of machine translation using Google translator and Ibadan on-going SMT research as an example. It concludes that when a human can adequately explain human language acquisition then there could be an answer to modeling machine to master human language for translation.
Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following ... more Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following the coordinated activities of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Nigeria still remains one of the most burdened countries in the world with about 3 million people living with HIV. Increasing enlightenment campaigns on HIV and AIDS have not been able to achieve remarkable behaviour change as a result of the non-use of appropriate nomenclatures. Given the low literacy rate of Nigerians in English (about 61% based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics), communication strategies can only be effective when indigenous Nigerian languages have standardised and appropriate nomenclatures for HIV and AIDS. This study argues that the use of appropriate terms in the local languages in referring to HIV and AIDS is capable of reducing the stigmatisation and discrimination of people living with HIV and AIDS, and consequently reduce the spread of HIV through behaviour change. Accordingly, t...
Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following ... more Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following the coordinated activities of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Nigeria still remains one of the most burdened countries in the world with about 3 million people living with HIV. Increasing enlightenment campaigns on HIV and AIDS have not been able to achieve remarkable behaviour change as a result of the non-use of appropriate nomenclatures. Given the low literacy rate of Nigerians in English (about 61% based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics), communication strategies can only be effective when indigenous Nigerian languages have standardised and appropriate nomenclatures for HIV and AIDS. This study argues that the use of appropriate terms in the local languages in referring to HIV and AIDS is capable of reducing the stigmatisation and discrimination of people living with HIV and AIDS, and consequently reduce the spread of HIV through behaviour change. Accordingly, t...
Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following ... more Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past decade following the coordinated activities of the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA), Nigeria still remains one of the most burdened countries in the world with about 3 million people living with HIV. Increasing enlightenment campaigns on HIV and AIDS have not been able to achieve remarkable behaviour change as a result of the non-use of appropriate nomenclatures. Given the low literacy rate of Nigerians in English (about 61% based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics), communication strategies can only be effective when indigenous Nigerian languages have standardised and appropriate nomenclatures for HIV and AIDS. This study argues that the use of appropriate terms in the local languages in referring to HIV and AIDS is capable of reducing the stigmatisation and discrimination of people living with HIV and AIDS, and consequently reduce the spread of HIV through behaviour change. Accordingly, t...
The computer now translates human language without having any
understanding of it. How does this ... more The computer now translates human language without having any understanding of it. How does this happen? The answer to the question is the concern of this paper. This paper opines that even though machines could only count and match for translation, the deficiencies seen in its translation are not majorly computer’s rather the exploration of language acquisition. The paper explores two opposing views on language acquisition and used them to explain the processes of machine translation using Google translator and Ibadan on-going SMT research as an example. It concludes that when a human can adequately explain human language acquisition then there could be an answer to modeling machine to master human language for translation.
The West African Ebola outbreak of 2014 was declared a public health emergency of international c... more The West African Ebola outbreak of 2014 was declared a public health emergency of international concern under the International Health Regulations by the World Health Organisation (WHO) Director-General. In spite of the devastating nature of Ebola, many Nigerians do not have access to information on the disease in the language they understand best. This study therefore translates Ebola-associated terms into Nigeria's three major languages (i.e. Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba) with a view to making information on Ebola accessible to the grassroots population. It also embarked on a survey of 9 purposively selected states where the major languages are predominantly spoken as L1 in order to determine the level of stakeholders' familiarity with Ebola as well as their opinions on the need for Ebola-associated lexicon in Nigerian indigenous languages.
The task of Machine Translation is not just about translating the text of a language to another b... more The task of Machine Translation is not just about translating the text of a language to another but also its evaluation so as to monitor its improvement particularly in fluency, accuracy and efficiency. However, the only available free machine translation on Yoruba-English is "Google Translate" which has been observed to be grossly inadequate. This paper therefore examines translations done by Google Translate as against human translation in order to investigate why machine translation applications make some errors while translating human natural language. There are many matrix evaluators to do this. This paper adopts human evaluation also known as manual evaluation which is considered to be more efficient, but costly. The paper adopts Ibadan and Akungba Structured Sentence Paradigm to evaluate the translators (Google Translate and human). The translations were sent to twenty human evaluators out of which only eleven responded. The responses were subjected to statistical analysis. Findings show that human translation fares better in terms of accuracy and fluency which are informed by the quality and the quantity of training data. This paper suggests that more data, especially literary texts, should be acquired to train the translator for general efficiency and fluency.
YORUBA STUDIES REVIEW VOLUME 4, NUMBER 1, FALL 2019, 2019
The concept "Translation" has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but lit... more The concept "Translation" has been examined by many scholars from different perspectives, but little attention has been devoted to the personalities of the translators in their translation works. The concern of this essay is to consider the personalities of the translators of D.O. Fagunwa's novel, Igbó Olódùmarè in line with the theories of Natural and Directional equivalence to foreground the idea that translation is heavily dependent on the translators' personality. It was found that translators' motive, purpose, language choice, and religious background have an immense influence on their approach to translation.
The Journal of the Yorùbá Studies Association of Nigeria, 2019
yà àwọn àkójọp-r n ẹka k. Fernandes ti e àtúnpín ìpẹka tí Baker (1995) e ùgb yọ ohun tí súndáre p... more yà àwọn àkójọp-r n ẹka k. Fernandes ti e àtúnpín ìpẹka tí Baker (1995) e ùgb yọ ohun tí súndáre pè ní ògbuf ẹl wà-èdè síl. Èyí mú kí ó di dandan láti e àtúnpín i r kí á sì fi ààyè gba àwọn àtojọ-r àwọ k wé il Afíríkà. Ohun tí a e gan-an ni láti e àgbéy wò i e Baker àti Fernandes, a sì lò w n láti e àfikún àwọn èròjà il Afíríkà tí a sọnù nínú i ọ k k èròjà ìpẹka lásán, yóó fẹ àkójọ-r àdálórí k ògbuf lójú tó b tí àbájádé i ìwádìí báyìí yóó sì wúlò fún ìk ni àti ìlanil y .
Uploads
Papers by Clement Odoje
understanding of it. How does this happen? The answer to the
question is the concern of this paper. This paper opines that even
though machines could only count and match for translation, the
deficiencies seen in its translation are not majorly computer’s
rather the exploration of language acquisition. The paper
explores two opposing views on language acquisition and used
them to explain the processes of machine translation using
Google translator and Ibadan on-going SMT research as an example.
It concludes that when a human can adequately explain human
language acquisition then there could be an answer to modeling
machine to master human language for translation.
understanding of it. How does this happen? The answer to the
question is the concern of this paper. This paper opines that even
though machines could only count and match for translation, the
deficiencies seen in its translation are not majorly computer’s
rather the exploration of language acquisition. The paper
explores two opposing views on language acquisition and used
them to explain the processes of machine translation using
Google translator and Ibadan on-going SMT research as an example.
It concludes that when a human can adequately explain human
language acquisition then there could be an answer to modeling
machine to master human language for translation.