Papers by Benito Soto Blanco
The aim of this study was to determine whether the pericarp of the Enterolobium contortisiliquum ... more The aim of this study was to determine whether the pericarp of the Enterolobium contortisiliquum fruit, which contain saponins, may cause damage to the gastrointestinal tract and liver of Gallus gallus domesticus chicks. Chicks were fed the seedless pods of E contortisiliquum at concentrations of 0% (control), 5%, or 10% of their total daily food intake for 5 consecutive days. On day 6, the animals underwent pathological examination. Necropsy revealed that all birds fed with the seedless pods of E contortisiliquum at a concentration of 10% showed congested livers and enlarged ceca. Lesions of the digestive tract were characterized by necrosis of the epithelium of intestinal crypts, villous atrophy, and mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate in the lamina propria. In the liver, apparent and diffuse hepatocellular necrosis was observed along with disarray of the hepatic architecture and sinus congestion. The results of this study revealed that chicks provide a good experimental model for...
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium... more Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Gossypol is a phenolic compound produced by pigment glands in cotton stems, leaves, seeds, and flower buds (Gossypium spp.). Cottonseed meal is a by-product of cotton that is used for animal feeding because it is rich in oil and proteins. However, gossypol toxicity limits cottonseed use in animal feed. High concentrations of free gossypol may be responsible for acute clinical signs of gossypol poisoning which include respiratory distress, impaired body weight gain, anorexia, weakness, apathy, and death after several days. However, the most common toxic effects is the impairment of male and female reproduction. Another important toxic effect of gossypol is its interference with immune function, reducing an animal’s resistance to infections and impairing the efficiency of vaccines. Preventive procedures to limit gossypol toxicity involve trea...
Background: Leukemias are malign neoplasias of the hematopoietic precursor cells from the bone ma... more Background: Leukemias are malign neoplasias of the hematopoietic precursor cells from the bone marrow. These neoplastic cells may or may not reach the blood circulation. Leukemias are classifi ed as lymphoid or myeloid depending on the leukocyte cell lineage affected. In addition, leukemias are classifi ed as either acute or chronic based on their cellular differentiation and proliferative aggressiveness. The leukemias from lymphoid cells that affect dogs include acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This paper describes the clinical and laboratorial fi ndings of a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a female dog. Case: A seven-year-old female mixed-breed dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, for apathy, anorexia, weakness and weight loss. The clinical examination confi rmed the apathy and weakness. The mucous membranes were pale, the body temperature was 40.5°C, the heart rate was 120 bpm, the capillary refi ll time was 2 s, and no abnormalities were found on auscultation. Diagnostic laboratory tests were completed, including a serum test for canine leishmaniasis, a serum biochemistry panel, a complete blood cell count, and a bone marrow analysis. The canine leishmaniasis serology (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect fl uorescent-antibody test) was negative. The serum biochemistry panel revealed an increased level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST-56.0 U/l), hypocalcemia (6.9 mg/dL), hypoalbuminemia (1.91 g/dL), hypobetaglobulinemia (0.51 g/dL), hypergammaglobulinemia (2.91 g/dL), and a decreased albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio (0.41). The observed hematological changes included a normocytic normochromic anemia (RBC = 2.55 x 106/mm 3 , hemoglobina = 5.8 g/dL, PCV = 18%), leukocytosis (332,800/mm 3) with a left shift (3,328/mm 3), eosinopenia (0), monocytosis (6,656/mm 3), lymphocytosis (89,856/mm 3) with a pronounced presence of lymphoblasts (226,304/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (10 x 10 3 / mm 3). The blood smear evaluation revealed anisocytosis, polychromasia, hypochromia, giant platelets, smudge cells and lymphoid cells showing predominantly cytoplasmic basophilia, coarse nuclear chromatin, atypical nucleoli, asynchrony of cell maturation and degenerative cytoplasmic vacuolization, and lymphocytes with donut-shaped nuclei. The analysis of a sternal-puncture bone marrow sample revealed that the bone marrow was diffusely occupied by neoplasic lymphoblasts. Discussion: The anemia and thrombocytopenia observed in this female dog can be attributed to the growth of neoplastic cells in the bone marrow. Another fi nding was the presence of smudge cells, which are broken degenerated leukocytes, and the presence of these cells in large numbers has been described in humans with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The observed hypoalbuminemia, hypergammaglobulinemia and reduced A/G ratio are probably due to the infl ammatory process stimulated by the leukemia. In fact, albumin is a negative acute phase protein, while an increased production of antibodies results in the increased γ-globulins. The prognosis for acute lymphoblastic leukemia is grave, as it is typically rapidLy fatal. In humans, the occurrence of hypocalcemia and large number of smudge cells in cases of acute leukemia indicates a worse prognosis. In fact, this patient died one week after her clinical presentation.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive disease which ... more Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive disease which has never been reported in Zebu cattle. A 3-day-old Gir calf showed teeth discoloration, fever, dehydration, and dyspnea. The main gross findings were pink-colored teeth, red-brown periosteum and bone marrow, and a fluorescent bright pink coloration of the bone marrow and articular surfaces under ultraviolet light. Aggregates of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained porphyrin pigments were evident in the lungs, kidneys, and the liver. An intron 8 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in both the Gir calf and control animals, along with the absence of the uroporphyrin III synthetase (UROS) gene mutation, was observed. Most SNPs were located in the intron regions of the UROS gene without relevance for CEP. A continuous loss of genetic variability and an increase in inbreeding in some herds may be related to CEP in Gir cattle, one of the most prominent Zebu breeds worldwide. In summary, this st...
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 2012
Background: The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a plant grown in tropical regions of t... more Background: The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a plant grown in tropical regions of the world for production of cashew nuts, one of the most traded on the international market for edible nuts. The cashew apple is used for the production of various foods such as juices and sweets, but it can also be used in animal feed in the regions cashew is planted. The cashew apple can be used directly as feed, but usually it is dried for later use. However, many farmers reported the occurrence of poisoning in cattle promoted by the cashew apples, but this poisoning has not yet described. Thus, this study aimed to describe the poisoning by Anacardium occidentale in cattle. Materials, Methods & Results: It was visited eight farms that often had cases of poisoning by cashew at Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil, six at the municipality of Mossoro and two at the municipality of Serra do Mel. The farmers were asked whether the animals were fed with cashew apples and the amount supplied to ...
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 2014
Background: Botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive... more Background: Botulism is caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive bacterium, sporeforming anaerobe. In Brazil, this disease has relevant importance causing economic disturbance in livestock production. The present study aimed to report the epidemiology, clinical-pathological and laboratorial fi ndings of eight outbreaks of botulism in cattle from Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. Material, Methods & Results: Clinical and epidemiological data of eight outbreaks of botulism were obtained during visits to farms from Mossoro, Serra do Mel, Governador Dix-Sept Rosado and Olho D’agua dos Borges municipalities, located at the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeastern Brazil. The outbreaks occurred in July 2009, August and September 2010, and April, May and October 2013. Blood and cerebrospinal fl uid samples were collected from eleven and six animals, respectively, for laboratorial analysis. Ten cattle that recently died were necrops...
Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 2015
The present study was aimed at determining the serum biochemical panel and the erythocytogram of ... more The present study was aimed at determining the serum biochemical panel and the erythocytogram of the sheep of the Morada Nova breed. Further, it was also aimed at verifying the variations of these parameters promoted by the sex, age, and body condition score. The study was conducted by sampling nine herds; two from Ceará state, five from Rio Grande do Norte state, and two from Paraíba state, Brazil. It used a sample of 249 clinically healthy sheep of the Morada Nova breed. The sex, age, and body condition score were recorded from each animal. Blood samples were collected for determining the serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, total proteins, albumin, globulins and thyroxine (T4), the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), the number of red blood cells (RBCs), and the packed cell volume (PCV). It was observed that the evaluated blood parameters from the Morada Nova sheep breed did not demonstrate any...
Veterinary Record Case Reports, 2021
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 2015
Background : Chromium (Cr) is an essential nutrient for both humans and animals. Cr can be found ... more Background : Chromium (Cr) is an essential nutrient for both humans and animals. Cr can be found in different sources, both organic and inorganic. In general, the organic forms of Cr are better absorbed than the inorganic forms. The metabolic effects of Cr are affected by the ingested formulation of this element. Several studies have shown that diet supplementation with Cr improves the growth rate, feeding efficiency and carcass composition of land animals, but the nutritional value of Cr to fish is scarcely known. The aim of the present study was to compare two forms of chromium (chelate and yeast) supplemented in the diets of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) at different concentrations and their effect on productive performance, blood parameters and the liver concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides. Materials, Methods & Results : Nine groups with 36 Nile tilapia fish were formed: a control group, four groups supplemented with chromium (Cr) chelate (8.0 ppm, 1...
As plantas do genero Marsdenia , familia Apocynaceae (Asclepiadoideae), apresentam distribuicao m... more As plantas do genero Marsdenia , familia Apocynaceae (Asclepiadoideae), apresentam distribuicao mundial, embora se encontre predominantemente nas regioes tropicais. Diversas especies de Marsdenia sao usadas na medicina tradicional asiatica para o tratamento de dores reumaticas, inflamacao, asma, sifilis e câncer. Varios estudos fitoquimicos mostraram que elas contem glicosideos esteroides, principalmente derivados de pregnano, mas tambem alcaloides esteroides, triterpenos e conduritoles. No entanto, casos espontâneos de intoxicacao ocorreram em diversas especies animais, e podem ocorrer em humanos. Assim, as plantas do genero Marsdenia apresentam enorme potencial para descoberta de novos compostos para uso como medicamentos.
Os polinizadores estao entre os componentes essenciais para o funcionamento dos ecossistemas em g... more Os polinizadores estao entre os componentes essenciais para o funcionamento dos ecossistemas em geral, pois e essencial para a reproducao e manutencao da diversidade de especies de plantas e prove alimentos para humanos e animais, influenciando, tambem, o aspecto qualitativo da producao. Atualmente, a densidade populacional de muitos polinizadores esta sendo reduzida a niveis que podem comprometer os servicos de polinizacao. O declinio das populacoes de abelhas meliferas (Apis mellifera) e outras abelhas tem impactado na producao agricola mundial e tem um impacto claro sobre a producao de alimentos e da economia. Uma das causas provaveis para este declinio e o uso indiscriminado de agrotoxicos. Os efeitos dos diferentes grupos de praguicidas sobre as abelhas e discutido.
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficacia da ricina inativada pelo calor para prev... more O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a eficacia da ricina inativada pelo calor para prevencao de intoxicacao pela mamona (Ricinus communis) em ratos, como forma de minimizar os prejuizos causados por esta toxicose na producao animal. Foi realizado o tratamento termico da ricina por meio de autoclavagem (121oC por 15 minutos), incubacao a 70oC por duas horas e incubacao a 90oC por duas horas. A exposicao ao calor por meio de autoclavagem e a 90oC por duas horas foram capazes de inativar completamente a ricina. Entretanto, a ricina inativada pelo calor nao produziu protecao aos ratos contra a intoxicacao pela ricina. Alem disto, a adicao do adjuvante hidroxido de aluminio a ricina inativada pelo calor tambem nao foi produziu protecao. Palavras-Chave: Mamona, Ricinus communis, ricina, vacina, planta toxica
The residue from the oil extraction of cottonseeds is an important foodstuff for animals, being a... more The residue from the oil extraction of cottonseeds is an important foodstuff for animals, being a source of high quality protein and other important components, such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamins in addition to its energy value. However, these products have an anti-nutritional factor, gossypol, and its concentration in these derivatives depends on the degree of oil extraction. Gossypol is a phenolic yellowish pigment, the pigment produced by the glands found in the roots, stems, leaves and seeds of plants from the genus Gossypium. The effects of gossypol on reproduction in animals include reduced semen quality, interference with the estrous cycle of females and interruption of early embryonic development. Keywords: Gossypol, reproductive toxicology, whole cottonseed, livestock.
Marsdenia megalantha Goyder & Morillo, arbusto encontrado na regiao semi-arida do Brasil, e descr... more Marsdenia megalantha Goyder & Morillo, arbusto encontrado na regiao semi-arida do Brasil, e descrita como causa de intoxicacoes espontâneas em bovinos, caprinos, ovinos, suinos, equinos e asininos. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a possibilidade do principio toxico desta planta ser transferido pelo leite em quantidades suficientes para causar intoxicacao nos animais lactentes. Foi administrado a uma vaca e a uma ovelha em lactacao 10 e 7 mg da planta/kg de peso vivo durante cinco e dez dias respectivamente, e nenhuma cria apresentou sinal clinico de intoxicacao. Ja na cabra em lactacao que recebeu 25 mg/kg durante tres dias, apresentou apos 24 horas da ultima dosagem, sinais clinicos neurologicos caracterizados por: ataxia, tremores musculares, rigidez muscular, e, quando agitados, caiam e tinham muita dificuldade de levantar. A ausencia de sintomatologia clinica nas crias das tres especies estudadas durante o experimento, nas doses e periodo administrados, indica que provave...
Ciencia Rural, 2020
EnglishAlthough, calf diphtheria and necrotic laryngitis are common infections in the oral cavity... more EnglishAlthough, calf diphtheria and necrotic laryngitis are common infections in the oral cavity’s soft tissues, arytenoid chondritis is addressed as a serious but rarely diagnosed complication in cattle. This paper aimed to describe clinical, laboratory, imaging, and pathological findings in two calves with arytenoid chondritis. A 2-month-old Jersey calf and a 3-month-old Girolando calf presented 40-days history of respiratory distress. In the former, oral endoscopy revealed enlarged and immobile arytenoids with major involvement of the left arytenoid, causing severe distortion and partial obstruction of the rima glottidis. In the latter, latero-lateral radiography of the head revealed radiolucent areas and thickening at the level of the larynx to the dorsal trachea. Pathological examination of one calf showed neutrophilic multifocal inflammatory infiltrate and areas of necrosis in the cricoarytenoid cartilage, surrounded by abscessation. Definitive diagnosis of arytenoid chondrit...
Background: Leukemias are malign neoplasias of the hematopoietic precursor cells from the bone ma... more Background: Leukemias are malign neoplasias of the hematopoietic precursor cells from the bone marrow. These neoplastic cells may or may not reach the blood circulation. Leukemias are classifi ed as lymphoid or myeloid depending on the leukocyte cell lineage affected. In addition, leukemias are classifi ed as either acute or chronic based on their cellular differentiation and proliferative aggressiveness. The leukemias from lymphoid cells that affect dogs include acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This paper describes the clinical and laboratorial findings of a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a female dog. Case: A seven-year-old female mixed-breed dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Arido (UFERSA), Mossoro, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, for apathy, anorexia, weakness and weight loss. The clinical examination confirmed the apathy and weakness. The mucous membranes were pale, the body tempera...
Haemostasis is a physiological process that prevents excessive blood loss. In laboratory, the pro... more Haemostasis is a physiological process that prevents excessive blood loss. In laboratory, the prothrombin time (PT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) are used to examine clotting systems. However, the influence of sex on PT and aPTT values is unknown. The present work aimed to determine the values for PT and aPTT in adult sheep and to evaluate their dependence on the sex of the animal. Blood samples were collected from 40 adults (1-6 years old) of mixed breed sheep (20 males and 20 females) via jugular venepuncture conducted using vacuum tubes containing 3.8% sodium citrate as an anticoagulant. PT and aPTT were determined by visual detection of clot formation. The mean PT and aPTT values for all sheep were 7.71 ± 0.87 s and 35.7 ± 3.57 s, respectively. The aPTT values showed a significant difference (P = 0.0013) between male and female samples, while the difference in PT values was not significant (P = 0.0565). Thus, the animal sex influences the function of the p...
Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, 2008
RESUMO Mascagnia rigida, cipó ou arbusto da família Malpighiaceae, denominada popularmente como t... more RESUMO Mascagnia rigida, cipó ou arbusto da família Malpighiaceae, denominada popularmente como tingui e timbó, é uma das plantas tóxicas mais conhecidas, presente na região Nordeste e parte da região Sudeste do Brasil. Representa uma significante causa de morte em bovinos e caprinos. No entanto, até o momento, não foi descrito nenhum caso de intoxicação natural em ovinos. Assim, o presente trabalho procura descrever, pela primeira vez, quatro surtos de intoxicação por M. rigida em ovinos. Os surtos ocorreram nos Municípios de Mossoró (três surtos) e Upanema (um surto), no Rio Grande do Norte, em 2006. A sintomatologia clínica dos animais afetados consistiu em apatia, tremores musculares, taquicardia, dificuldade em se manter em pé, dispnéia e convulsões seguidas de morte. As lesões histológicas observadas foram infiltrado multifocal de células linfocitárias no miocárdio associado a edema e degeneração dos miócitos, e degeneração vacuolar difusa dos hepatócitos. Para confirmar a eti...
Veterinary Record Case Reports, 2020
Laryngeal chondritis is an acute obstructive upper respiratory condition characterised by severe ... more Laryngeal chondritis is an acute obstructive upper respiratory condition characterised by severe dyspnoea and laryngeal stridor, considered an uncommon disease in sheep. In this study, we describe detailed clinical evolution, imaging and pathological findings of the first cases of laryngeal chondritis in Dorper sheep. Two Dorper sheep from different flocks were referred to clinical care with respiratory distress and fatigue. Due to dyspnoea, both sheep were submitted to emergency tracheotomy. Both sheep did not show recovery after treatment with antimicrobials and anti-inflammatories and died. Main gross findings observed in sheep 1 were purulent foci affecting cricoid cartilage and surrounding tissues. Sheep 2 presented with marked swelling of the laryngeal mucosa, reduced airway lumen and a pus-draining fistula in the arytenoid cartilage. Histologically, both cases revealed necrosis of the laryngeal cartilage, suppurative inflammation and abscedation within myriads of intralesional bacteria.
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Papers by Benito Soto Blanco