The results suggest that auditory input is not neutral in motor skills and the complex interactio... more The results suggest that auditory input is not neutral in motor skills and the complex interaction between them is generated in the earlier stages of childhood development. Objective The assessment of gait performance in pre-lingual deaf children with cochlear implant (CI). Gait velocity (GV), using a 10-meter test, was measured by means of three inertial sensors in 10 pre-lingual cochlear implant users (CIU) (10-16 years old) in three sensory conditions: (1) cochlear implant turned on with environmental noise (EN), (2) cochlear implant turned on with EN and with cognitive dual task (DT), and (3) CI turned off (CI-OFF). GV with EN and DT was assessed in a normal hearing control group (CG) (n = 14). Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed ranked test were used for significance validation. (1) GV in CG was lower in DT than with EN (p = .019). (2) GV was faster in CG with EN compared with the three conditions in CIU (EN, p = .006; DT, p = .0001; CI-OFF, p = .03). (3) CIU had slower GV walking with EN (p = .037) and with DT (p = .022). (4) Dividing the CIU sample by age, the acoustic information generates a slower gait for those implanted after 3 years old.
To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in... more To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in breast milk concentration, and the association between mother zinc plasma level with zinc milk concentration. Cohort study comparing adolescents with adult women, with < 14 weeks of gestation at first prenatal care. Socio demographic and plasma zinc data were collected at that moment and at postpartum time (4 + 1 month). Milk zinc concentrations were also measured at 4 th month postpartum. Women were recruited from 16 public primary health care services in Uruguay Subjects: 151 adolescents and 161 adult women. Adolescent average plasma zinc at < 14 weeks of gestation was 84.4 ± 3.6 ug /dl and did not differ significantly from that for adult women (85.2 ± 13.6 ug/dl). Prevalence of hypozincemia was relatively low with but with no difference by age (14.6% in adolescents and 12.3% in adults). Zinc concentrations in breast milk were similar for adolescents, 1.24 mg. /L (CI 1.06 to 1.4...
Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of can... more Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of cancer survival by central analysis of population-based registry data, as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems, and to inform global policy on cancer control. Individual tumour records were submitted by 279 population-based cancer registries in 67 countries for 25·7 million adults (age 15-99 years) and 75 000 children (age 0-14 years) diagnosed with cancer during 1995-2009 and followed up to Dec 31, 2009, or later. We looked at cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, and prostate in adults, and adult and childhood leukaemia. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were corrected by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival, adjusted for background mortality in every country or region by age (single year), sex, and calendar year, and by race or ethnic origin in some countries. Estimates were age-standar...
This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild hea... more This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild head trauma (BPPVAT) was younger and more frequently presented with bilateral canalithiasis than another population with idiopathic etiology (IBPPV). In both groups, females presented a higher risk of BPPV. To compare the clinical features of a population with BPPVAT and another with IBBPV. We carried out statistical analysis of a population of 51 subjects with BPPVAT and another of 325 subjects with IBPPV, comparing age, gender, recurrence of symptoms, associated chronic dizziness (CD), and clinical presentation. Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Student&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s t test, Mann-Whitney test, 95% binomial confidence interval for proportions, chi-squared, and Fisher&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s test were used as statistical tools. A significance level of p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05 was considered in all cases. The population affected with BPPVAT was younger and bilateral canalithiasis was also more frequent. No differences were found in gender distribution, semicircular canals involved in the symptoms, recurrence after repositioning maneuvers, or associated CD.
Background and Context: The Virtual Health Library (VHL) is a space for integration of informatio... more Background and Context: The Virtual Health Library (VHL) is a space for integration of information sources collectively produced and organized into geographic, thematic, biographical or institutional instances.
Detección de los tipos virales 16,18, 31 y 33 de papillomavirus humano en displasias severas y ca... more Detección de los tipos virales 16,18, 31 y 33 de papillomavirus humano en displasias severas y carcinoma in situ de cuello uterino 205 Rev Med Urug 2009; 25: 205-211 ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL Detección de los tipos virales 16,18, 31 y 33 de papillomavirus humano en displasias severas y carcinoma in situ de cuello uterino Dres.
Te aim of the study was to evaluate pregnancy nutritional consequences in adolescent pregnant wom... more Te aim of the study was to evaluate pregnancy nutritional consequences in adolescent pregnant women and to identify factors which increase risk of an adverse postpartum nutritional result. We conducted a prospective cohort study in 742 adolescent and 779 adult pregnant women in Guatemala, Dominican Republic and Uruguay, assessing demographic, social, obstetric, weight gain and BMI at first prenatal control, and 4 +/- 1 month postpartum. BMI in adults was classified according to WHO recommendations and NCHS/WHO in adolescents. We assessed changes of BMI between the beginning and postpartum time and a logistic model analysis was applied about the risk of having low BMI at postpartum time. At the beginning of pregnancy the prevalence of low weight was higher in adolescent group and the overweight and obesity higher in adults (p < 0.001). Weight gain was significantly higher in adolescents at same nutritional BMI, except for low weighted. Adolescents had a significant change in their...
To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in... more To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in breast milk concentration, and the association between mother zinc plasma level with zinc milk concentration. Cohort study comparing adolescents with adult women, with < 14 weeks of gestation at first prenatal care. Socio demographic and plasma zinc data were collected at that moment and at postpartum time (4 + 1 month). Milk zinc concentrations were also measured at 4 th month postpartum. Women were recruited from 16 public primary health care services in Uruguay Subjects: 151 adolescents and 161 adult women. Adolescent average plasma zinc at < 14 weeks of gestation was 84.4 ± 3.6 ug /dl and did not differ significantly from that for adult women (85.2 ± 13.6 ug/dl). Prevalence of hypozincemia was relatively low with but with no difference by age (14.6% in adolescents and 12.3% in adults). Zinc concentrations in breast milk were similar for adolescents, 1.24 mg. /L (CI 1.06 to 1.4...
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2007
Objectives: (1) To determine the feasibility of the use of a modified postural control test under... more Objectives: (1) To determine the feasibility of the use of a modified postural control test under altered sensory conditions in children over 8 years of age, and (2) to assess how deaf children use sensory information for postural control when they have normal or abnormal vestibular responses, and if hearing input from a unilateral cochlear implant, changes their postural behavior. Patients: We selected 36 children, 8 to 11 years of age, with congenital or earlyacquired profound sensorineural hearing loss, 13 of them with unilateral cochlear implantation and 22 normal-hearing children. Methods: The Postural Control (PC) test consists of a force platform with 2 stimulation paradigm conditions: (1) standing on the platform with opened eyes; (2) standing on foam placed on the force platform with closed eyes. Implanted children were tested with the implant turn on and turn off in this condition, in order to evaluate eventual change in the postural control parameters when they have hearing habilitation. The body center of pressure distribution area (COP) and the body sway velocity (SV) were the parameter to evaluate the postural control. Results: Deaf children were classified into two groups according with the vestibular responses: group A (n = 28) Children with normal vestibular rotary responses; group B (n = 8) children with hypoactive responses. Children in group A had diagnoses of syndromic and non-syndromic hereditary deafness, and children in group B had inner ear malformations, post-meningitis deafness, and one child had non-syndromic hereditary deafness with hypoactive vestibular response. In condition 1, when vestibular, somatosensory and visual information were enabled, the COP and SV values did not show any statistically significant differences between groups A, B and control. In condition 2, when visual information was removed and the somatosensory * Corresponding author at: C.de.
A partir de una población de 1.311 mujeres con cáncer de mama diagnosticadas, tratadas y seguidas... more A partir de una población de 1.311 mujeres con cáncer de mama diagnosticadas, tratadas y seguidas en un mismo centro de patología mamaria, el Centro de Diagnóstico Mamario (CENDIMA), durante un lapso de 230 meses, se realiza el análisis descriptivo, el análisis de sobrevida y el de sobrevida libre de enfermedad correlacionándolo con factores pronósticos conocidos para dicha enfermedad. Los dos parámetros de mayor peso pronóstico con valor estadístico para esta población en relación con el intervalo libre de enfermedad fueron el estatus ganglionar y el estadio; el estatus ganglionar y el score histológico final se constituyeron, asimismo, en las variables principales en lo que hace a la sobreviva global. Los datos finales obtenidos son comparables a los encontrados en la literatura internacional.
El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la asociación entre la morbilidad en neonatos nacido... more El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la asociación entre la morbilidad en neonatos nacidos con un peso menor de 1,250 gramos que requirieron cuidado intensivo neonatal y la capacidad cognitiva a la edad escolar. Material y método: es un estudio prospectivo de reconstrucción de cohortes en una muestra de 18 neonatos cuyo peso al nacimiento fue menor de 1,250 gramos. Se comparan con un grupo control de niños nacidos de término y peso adecuado, apareados por medio socioeconómico. Durante la internación neonatal se registró la morbilidad y la gravedad neonatal evaluada por el SNAP y NTISS que se realizó al ingreso y semanalmente hasta el alta. Se realizaron dos evaluaciones posnatales: una en el período preescolar, entre los tres y cuatro años, y la otra en edad escolar, entre ocho y nueve años. En la primera evaluación se valoró el desarrollo con la escala de Denver y un sistema de atributos que mide el estado de salud del niño (MASH). A la edad escolar se usó la escala de WISC-III para medir la capacidad cognitiva. En ambos controles se evaluó el crecimiento a través del peso, talla y perímetro craneano. La asociación entre el número de morbilidades y la escala cognitiva se estudió usando una regresión lineal simple. Resultados: el promedio de la capacidad cognitiva (CIG) fue de 87,5±14,3 en el grupo de pretérmino y de 104,3±12,18 para el grupo control. Esta diferencia fue significativa (p<0,003). La morbilidad más frecuente fue la sepsis (47,8%). Se encontró que cada morbilidad disminuye el puntaje cognitivo en 10 puntos (IC entre 5 y 14), con un coeficiente de determinación r 2 = 0,60 (p<0,05). Los niños que tuvieron tres o más morbilidades presentaron retardo severo. La gravedad de éstos fue significativamente mayor entre las tres y cuatro semanas y el crecimiento menor que los que tuvieron evolución normal. Conclusiones: estos resultados muestran la contribución de las complicaciones neonatales en la unidad de terapia intensiva con las alteraciones del desarrollo en la edad escolar. Se deben extremar los cuidados de estos niños para evitar las complicaciones, especialmente la infección. El cuidado neonatal implica una gran responsabilidad de las personas que se encargan del cuidado directo y de los que mantienen la infraestructura. Cada complicación en la unidad de cuidados intensivos disminuirá entre 5 y 10 puntos la capacidad cognitiva. Palabras clave: RECIÉN NACIDO DE MUY BAJO PESO PREMATURO MORBILIDAD DESARROLLO INFANTIL COGNICIÓN Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay 2007; 78 (2)
Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of can... more Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of cancer survival by central analysis of population-based registry data, as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems, and to inform global policy on cancer control. Individual tumour records were submitted by 279 population-based cancer registries in 67 countries for 25·7 million adults (age 15-99 years) and 75 000 children (age 0-14 years) diagnosed with cancer during 1995-2009 and followed up to Dec 31, 2009, or later. We looked at cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, and prostate in adults, and adult and childhood leukaemia. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were corrected by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival, adjusted for background mortality in every country or region by age (single year), sex, and calendar year, and by race or ethnic origin in some countries. Estimates were age-standar...
The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of type-specific Human papillomavirus (HPV) i... more The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of type-specific Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women attending organized cervical cancer screening program in Uruguay. Nine hundred sixty-five liquid cervical cell samples obtained after collection of cervical smears for cytology were assessed for HPV DNA using the Papillocheck system (Greiner BioOne). The overall prevalence of High-Risk (HR) HPV infections was 20.8% and increased from 16.5% in women with normal cytology to 93.3% in HSIL. Prevalence of HPV 16 and/or 18 was 6.3% and HPV 16 was the most prevalent genotype in normal cytology (3.6%). The five most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16, 31, 51, 56, and 39. The overall prevalence peaked below age 30. This study provides essential baseline information at national level on type-specific HPV prevalence in Uruguay before the introduction of HPV vaccination. It documents the current prevalence of each of the oncogenic genotypes in a population attending cervical cancer screening program, suggesting that at least 64.7% of high risk lesions are potentially preventable by available HPV vaccines, and possibly augmentable if cross-protection against non-vaccine HPV types 31, 33, and 45 is confirmed. J. Med. Virol. #
This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild hea... more This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild head trauma (BPPVAT) was younger and more frequently presented with bilateral canalithiasis than another population with idiopathic etiology (IBPPV). In both groups, females presented a higher risk of BPPV. To compare the clinical features of a population with BPPVAT and another with IBBPV. We carried out statistical analysis of a population of 51 subjects with BPPVAT and another of 325 subjects with IBPPV, comparing age, gender, recurrence of symptoms, associated chronic dizziness (CD), and clinical presentation. Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Student&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s t test, Mann-Whitney test, 95% binomial confidence interval for proportions, chi-squared, and Fisher&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s test were used as statistical tools. A significance level of p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05 was considered in all cases. The population affected with BPPVAT was younger and bilateral canalithiasis was also more frequent. No differences were found in gender distribution, semicircular canals involved in the symptoms, recurrence after repositioning maneuvers, or associated CD.
Approximately 70% of penalty kicks in men’s professional football are scored, hence being decisiv... more Approximately 70% of penalty kicks in men’s professional football are scored, hence being decisive in increasing the chances of winning, since matches have only 2.5 goals on average. This study assesses the improving chances for the goalkeeper to save penalty kicks, using actual shot speeds in computer simulation and considering actual and experimental data. Simulated kicks were directed at the goal divided in nine areas. The goalkeeper’s movement was chosen to start at five different times before, at and after the instant of the kicker’s impact on the ball. Chances of saving were analysed through logistic regression taking into account area of the goal, ball speed and moment of goalkeeper’s reaction. Saves were found to depend essentially on the beginning of the goalkeeper’s motion according to the area. In the central areas of the goal, saves were statiscally independent of ball speed and time of reaction. The goal region further away from the centre, where real shots are frequently saved, presented highest dispersion. This suggests that saves depend mainly on the goalkeeper’s reaction time but also on the ball speed. Finally, chances are low (but not inexistent) near the posts.
The results suggest that auditory input is not neutral in motor skills and the complex interactio... more The results suggest that auditory input is not neutral in motor skills and the complex interaction between them is generated in the earlier stages of childhood development. Objective The assessment of gait performance in pre-lingual deaf children with cochlear implant (CI). Gait velocity (GV), using a 10-meter test, was measured by means of three inertial sensors in 10 pre-lingual cochlear implant users (CIU) (10-16 years old) in three sensory conditions: (1) cochlear implant turned on with environmental noise (EN), (2) cochlear implant turned on with EN and with cognitive dual task (DT), and (3) CI turned off (CI-OFF). GV with EN and DT was assessed in a normal hearing control group (CG) (n = 14). Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon Signed ranked test were used for significance validation. (1) GV in CG was lower in DT than with EN (p = .019). (2) GV was faster in CG with EN compared with the three conditions in CIU (EN, p = .006; DT, p = .0001; CI-OFF, p = .03). (3) CIU had slower GV walking with EN (p = .037) and with DT (p = .022). (4) Dividing the CIU sample by age, the acoustic information generates a slower gait for those implanted after 3 years old.
To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in... more To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in breast milk concentration, and the association between mother zinc plasma level with zinc milk concentration. Cohort study comparing adolescents with adult women, with < 14 weeks of gestation at first prenatal care. Socio demographic and plasma zinc data were collected at that moment and at postpartum time (4 + 1 month). Milk zinc concentrations were also measured at 4 th month postpartum. Women were recruited from 16 public primary health care services in Uruguay Subjects: 151 adolescents and 161 adult women. Adolescent average plasma zinc at < 14 weeks of gestation was 84.4 ± 3.6 ug /dl and did not differ significantly from that for adult women (85.2 ± 13.6 ug/dl). Prevalence of hypozincemia was relatively low with but with no difference by age (14.6% in adolescents and 12.3% in adults). Zinc concentrations in breast milk were similar for adolescents, 1.24 mg. /L (CI 1.06 to 1.4...
Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of can... more Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of cancer survival by central analysis of population-based registry data, as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems, and to inform global policy on cancer control. Individual tumour records were submitted by 279 population-based cancer registries in 67 countries for 25·7 million adults (age 15-99 years) and 75 000 children (age 0-14 years) diagnosed with cancer during 1995-2009 and followed up to Dec 31, 2009, or later. We looked at cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, and prostate in adults, and adult and childhood leukaemia. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were corrected by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival, adjusted for background mortality in every country or region by age (single year), sex, and calendar year, and by race or ethnic origin in some countries. Estimates were age-standar...
This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild hea... more This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild head trauma (BPPVAT) was younger and more frequently presented with bilateral canalithiasis than another population with idiopathic etiology (IBPPV). In both groups, females presented a higher risk of BPPV. To compare the clinical features of a population with BPPVAT and another with IBBPV. We carried out statistical analysis of a population of 51 subjects with BPPVAT and another of 325 subjects with IBPPV, comparing age, gender, recurrence of symptoms, associated chronic dizziness (CD), and clinical presentation. Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Student&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s t test, Mann-Whitney test, 95% binomial confidence interval for proportions, chi-squared, and Fisher&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s test were used as statistical tools. A significance level of p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05 was considered in all cases. The population affected with BPPVAT was younger and bilateral canalithiasis was also more frequent. No differences were found in gender distribution, semicircular canals involved in the symptoms, recurrence after repositioning maneuvers, or associated CD.
Background and Context: The Virtual Health Library (VHL) is a space for integration of informatio... more Background and Context: The Virtual Health Library (VHL) is a space for integration of information sources collectively produced and organized into geographic, thematic, biographical or institutional instances.
Detección de los tipos virales 16,18, 31 y 33 de papillomavirus humano en displasias severas y ca... more Detección de los tipos virales 16,18, 31 y 33 de papillomavirus humano en displasias severas y carcinoma in situ de cuello uterino 205 Rev Med Urug 2009; 25: 205-211 ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL Detección de los tipos virales 16,18, 31 y 33 de papillomavirus humano en displasias severas y carcinoma in situ de cuello uterino Dres.
Te aim of the study was to evaluate pregnancy nutritional consequences in adolescent pregnant wom... more Te aim of the study was to evaluate pregnancy nutritional consequences in adolescent pregnant women and to identify factors which increase risk of an adverse postpartum nutritional result. We conducted a prospective cohort study in 742 adolescent and 779 adult pregnant women in Guatemala, Dominican Republic and Uruguay, assessing demographic, social, obstetric, weight gain and BMI at first prenatal control, and 4 +/- 1 month postpartum. BMI in adults was classified according to WHO recommendations and NCHS/WHO in adolescents. We assessed changes of BMI between the beginning and postpartum time and a logistic model analysis was applied about the risk of having low BMI at postpartum time. At the beginning of pregnancy the prevalence of low weight was higher in adolescent group and the overweight and obesity higher in adults (p < 0.001). Weight gain was significantly higher in adolescents at same nutritional BMI, except for low weighted. Adolescents had a significant change in their...
To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in... more To assess if age is a risk factor for low zinc nutritional status in pregnancy, postpartum and in breast milk concentration, and the association between mother zinc plasma level with zinc milk concentration. Cohort study comparing adolescents with adult women, with < 14 weeks of gestation at first prenatal care. Socio demographic and plasma zinc data were collected at that moment and at postpartum time (4 + 1 month). Milk zinc concentrations were also measured at 4 th month postpartum. Women were recruited from 16 public primary health care services in Uruguay Subjects: 151 adolescents and 161 adult women. Adolescent average plasma zinc at < 14 weeks of gestation was 84.4 ± 3.6 ug /dl and did not differ significantly from that for adult women (85.2 ± 13.6 ug/dl). Prevalence of hypozincemia was relatively low with but with no difference by age (14.6% in adolescents and 12.3% in adults). Zinc concentrations in breast milk were similar for adolescents, 1.24 mg. /L (CI 1.06 to 1.4...
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 2007
Objectives: (1) To determine the feasibility of the use of a modified postural control test under... more Objectives: (1) To determine the feasibility of the use of a modified postural control test under altered sensory conditions in children over 8 years of age, and (2) to assess how deaf children use sensory information for postural control when they have normal or abnormal vestibular responses, and if hearing input from a unilateral cochlear implant, changes their postural behavior. Patients: We selected 36 children, 8 to 11 years of age, with congenital or earlyacquired profound sensorineural hearing loss, 13 of them with unilateral cochlear implantation and 22 normal-hearing children. Methods: The Postural Control (PC) test consists of a force platform with 2 stimulation paradigm conditions: (1) standing on the platform with opened eyes; (2) standing on foam placed on the force platform with closed eyes. Implanted children were tested with the implant turn on and turn off in this condition, in order to evaluate eventual change in the postural control parameters when they have hearing habilitation. The body center of pressure distribution area (COP) and the body sway velocity (SV) were the parameter to evaluate the postural control. Results: Deaf children were classified into two groups according with the vestibular responses: group A (n = 28) Children with normal vestibular rotary responses; group B (n = 8) children with hypoactive responses. Children in group A had diagnoses of syndromic and non-syndromic hereditary deafness, and children in group B had inner ear malformations, post-meningitis deafness, and one child had non-syndromic hereditary deafness with hypoactive vestibular response. In condition 1, when vestibular, somatosensory and visual information were enabled, the COP and SV values did not show any statistically significant differences between groups A, B and control. In condition 2, when visual information was removed and the somatosensory * Corresponding author at: C.de.
A partir de una población de 1.311 mujeres con cáncer de mama diagnosticadas, tratadas y seguidas... more A partir de una población de 1.311 mujeres con cáncer de mama diagnosticadas, tratadas y seguidas en un mismo centro de patología mamaria, el Centro de Diagnóstico Mamario (CENDIMA), durante un lapso de 230 meses, se realiza el análisis descriptivo, el análisis de sobrevida y el de sobrevida libre de enfermedad correlacionándolo con factores pronósticos conocidos para dicha enfermedad. Los dos parámetros de mayor peso pronóstico con valor estadístico para esta población en relación con el intervalo libre de enfermedad fueron el estatus ganglionar y el estadio; el estatus ganglionar y el score histológico final se constituyeron, asimismo, en las variables principales en lo que hace a la sobreviva global. Los datos finales obtenidos son comparables a los encontrados en la literatura internacional.
El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la asociación entre la morbilidad en neonatos nacido... more El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la asociación entre la morbilidad en neonatos nacidos con un peso menor de 1,250 gramos que requirieron cuidado intensivo neonatal y la capacidad cognitiva a la edad escolar. Material y método: es un estudio prospectivo de reconstrucción de cohortes en una muestra de 18 neonatos cuyo peso al nacimiento fue menor de 1,250 gramos. Se comparan con un grupo control de niños nacidos de término y peso adecuado, apareados por medio socioeconómico. Durante la internación neonatal se registró la morbilidad y la gravedad neonatal evaluada por el SNAP y NTISS que se realizó al ingreso y semanalmente hasta el alta. Se realizaron dos evaluaciones posnatales: una en el período preescolar, entre los tres y cuatro años, y la otra en edad escolar, entre ocho y nueve años. En la primera evaluación se valoró el desarrollo con la escala de Denver y un sistema de atributos que mide el estado de salud del niño (MASH). A la edad escolar se usó la escala de WISC-III para medir la capacidad cognitiva. En ambos controles se evaluó el crecimiento a través del peso, talla y perímetro craneano. La asociación entre el número de morbilidades y la escala cognitiva se estudió usando una regresión lineal simple. Resultados: el promedio de la capacidad cognitiva (CIG) fue de 87,5±14,3 en el grupo de pretérmino y de 104,3±12,18 para el grupo control. Esta diferencia fue significativa (p<0,003). La morbilidad más frecuente fue la sepsis (47,8%). Se encontró que cada morbilidad disminuye el puntaje cognitivo en 10 puntos (IC entre 5 y 14), con un coeficiente de determinación r 2 = 0,60 (p<0,05). Los niños que tuvieron tres o más morbilidades presentaron retardo severo. La gravedad de éstos fue significativamente mayor entre las tres y cuatro semanas y el crecimiento menor que los que tuvieron evolución normal. Conclusiones: estos resultados muestran la contribución de las complicaciones neonatales en la unidad de terapia intensiva con las alteraciones del desarrollo en la edad escolar. Se deben extremar los cuidados de estos niños para evitar las complicaciones, especialmente la infección. El cuidado neonatal implica una gran responsabilidad de las personas que se encargan del cuidado directo y de los que mantienen la infraestructura. Cada complicación en la unidad de cuidados intensivos disminuirá entre 5 y 10 puntos la capacidad cognitiva. Palabras clave: RECIÉN NACIDO DE MUY BAJO PESO PREMATURO MORBILIDAD DESARROLLO INFANTIL COGNICIÓN Archivos de Pediatría del Uruguay 2007; 78 (2)
Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of can... more Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of cancer survival by central analysis of population-based registry data, as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems, and to inform global policy on cancer control. Individual tumour records were submitted by 279 population-based cancer registries in 67 countries for 25·7 million adults (age 15-99 years) and 75 000 children (age 0-14 years) diagnosed with cancer during 1995-2009 and followed up to Dec 31, 2009, or later. We looked at cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, and prostate in adults, and adult and childhood leukaemia. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were corrected by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival, adjusted for background mortality in every country or region by age (single year), sex, and calendar year, and by race or ethnic origin in some countries. Estimates were age-standar...
The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of type-specific Human papillomavirus (HPV) i... more The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of type-specific Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women attending organized cervical cancer screening program in Uruguay. Nine hundred sixty-five liquid cervical cell samples obtained after collection of cervical smears for cytology were assessed for HPV DNA using the Papillocheck system (Greiner BioOne). The overall prevalence of High-Risk (HR) HPV infections was 20.8% and increased from 16.5% in women with normal cytology to 93.3% in HSIL. Prevalence of HPV 16 and/or 18 was 6.3% and HPV 16 was the most prevalent genotype in normal cytology (3.6%). The five most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16, 31, 51, 56, and 39. The overall prevalence peaked below age 30. This study provides essential baseline information at national level on type-specific HPV prevalence in Uruguay before the introduction of HPV vaccination. It documents the current prevalence of each of the oncogenic genotypes in a population attending cervical cancer screening program, suggesting that at least 64.7% of high risk lesions are potentially preventable by available HPV vaccines, and possibly augmentable if cross-protection against non-vaccine HPV types 31, 33, and 45 is confirmed. J. Med. Virol. #
This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild hea... more This study showed that a population with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo related to mild head trauma (BPPVAT) was younger and more frequently presented with bilateral canalithiasis than another population with idiopathic etiology (IBPPV). In both groups, females presented a higher risk of BPPV. To compare the clinical features of a population with BPPVAT and another with IBBPV. We carried out statistical analysis of a population of 51 subjects with BPPVAT and another of 325 subjects with IBPPV, comparing age, gender, recurrence of symptoms, associated chronic dizziness (CD), and clinical presentation. Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Student&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s t test, Mann-Whitney test, 95% binomial confidence interval for proportions, chi-squared, and Fisher&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s test were used as statistical tools. A significance level of p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05 was considered in all cases. The population affected with BPPVAT was younger and bilateral canalithiasis was also more frequent. No differences were found in gender distribution, semicircular canals involved in the symptoms, recurrence after repositioning maneuvers, or associated CD.
Approximately 70% of penalty kicks in men’s professional football are scored, hence being decisiv... more Approximately 70% of penalty kicks in men’s professional football are scored, hence being decisive in increasing the chances of winning, since matches have only 2.5 goals on average. This study assesses the improving chances for the goalkeeper to save penalty kicks, using actual shot speeds in computer simulation and considering actual and experimental data. Simulated kicks were directed at the goal divided in nine areas. The goalkeeper’s movement was chosen to start at five different times before, at and after the instant of the kicker’s impact on the ball. Chances of saving were analysed through logistic regression taking into account area of the goal, ball speed and moment of goalkeeper’s reaction. Saves were found to depend essentially on the beginning of the goalkeeper’s motion according to the area. In the central areas of the goal, saves were statiscally independent of ball speed and time of reaction. The goal region further away from the centre, where real shots are frequently saved, presented highest dispersion. This suggests that saves depend mainly on the goalkeeper’s reaction time but also on the ball speed. Finally, chances are low (but not inexistent) near the posts.
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