Papers by Shankaranarayanan Jeyakodi
Advances in Ophthalmology & Visual System, 2015
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Curcuminoids from regul... more The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Curcuminoids from regular curcumin Powder (95% Curcuminoids), and UltraSOL™ Nutrient System with curcumin (CurcuWIN™ Turmeric Extract, 20% curcuminoids) in dry powder forms on retina and metabolic markers in streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Male Wistar strain (WNIN) rats (2months old; 213±14gBW) were randomly assigned into 4 groups: control group (C), diabetic group (STZ-diabetic rats, D), STZ DM+ Soluble curcumin (SC, CurcuWIN™) and STZ DM +regular curcumin (RC). Daily food intake, weekly body weights, fasting glucose levels and HbA1C were assessed. Electroretinogram, immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence were performed in all treatment groups. At the end of 12 weeks, rats were euthanized and retinas harvested for histological and molecular analysis. In streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats (D) amplitude of oscillatory potentials (Ops) were reduced (334.2µV) compared to normal control (C) animals. Curcumin resulted in significant changes in OP amplitudes suggested by sum of OPs, RC (445.7) and SC (455.3). Treatment with curcumin prevented gross morphological changes to a significant extent in diabetic retina. Treatment with RC and SC prevented loss of Rhodopsin (Rho) protein expression and nerve growth factor (NGF) protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by intense fluorescence. Treatment with RC and SC showed decreased protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by lower Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-α) positive fluorescence indicating the prevention of hypoxia in the retinas. Treatment with RC did not affect the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) over expression in diabetic retina but the SC reduced the VEGF expression. In STZDM the mRNA levels of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), are up regulated drastically, while treatment with SC significantly prevented its increase but there is no significant effect of RC treatment. Therefore, soluble curcumin may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and appears to be more effective than regular curcumin.
A single center, open-label, dose-finding adaptive study was conducted in twelve healthy overweig... more A single center, open-label, dose-finding adaptive study was conducted in twelve healthy overweight female subjects. The study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the capsaicinoids (CAPs) from Capsicum extract in a beadlet form compared to placebo in a healthy overweight population. The investigational product capsaicinoids (CAPs) from Capsicum extract in a beadlet form (Capsimax5) a proprietary encapsulated form of Capsicum extract in beadlet form supplemented at 2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, 8 mg and 10 mg of CAPs. An ascending dose protocol evaluated a total dose of 10 mg daily given in five divided doses (2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, 8 mg and 10 mg of CAPs). Each dose was given for a week. Safety and tolerability were assessed. Primary outcomes were tolerability assessments and reports of adverse events. Tolerability assessments were observed on skin color and any changes in skin, bowel movement, digestion, mouth or throat, hair color or changes in hair color, urination includes frequency a...
iMedPub Journals, 2021
Background: Tissue repair capabilities in mammals are relatively limited, and there is a growing ... more Background: Tissue repair capabilities in mammals are relatively limited, and there is a growing interest to discover newer therapeutic interventions for the muscle regeneration process. While Curcumin and Green Coffee extract has previously shown to have beneficial effect individually, there is no study to examine the synergistic effects of these compounds. We, therefore, attempted to study the effect of Gremin, a proprietary encapsulated ingredient formulation in a mouse model with BaCl2 induced muscle injury. Methods and Findings: Adult male Swiss Albino mice were divided into four groups (n=6 per group) as vehicle control, BaCl2 control, Gremin and reference compound group. Animals were administered with BaCl2 injection to induce muscle injury, except for vehicle control. Gremin and the reference compound was administered at a dose level of 200 mg/kg/b.w daily, for up to 17 days via the oral route. Biochemical markers viz., TNF-α, Creatine Kinase (CK), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and histopathology for necrosis, were assessed. Results: Histopathology analysis of the mouse muscle tissues demonstrated significant protective effects of Gremin on muscle injury. Gremin group exhibited reduced levels of LDH and CK enzyme biomarkers indicating muscle recovery. Conclusion: Gremin Supplementation has beneficial effects on muscle injury and could be of immense value during post-injury rehabilitation.
American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutics, 2021
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Curcumin is well-known to alleviate ... more Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Curcumin is well-known to alleviate the symptoms of RA. Curcumin has low aqueous solubility and bioavailability, BioSOLVE Curcumin™ is a water-soluble and bioavailable form of curcumin. The safety and efficacy of BioSOLVE Curcumin™ in the complications of RA were assessed. A total of 24 participants were randomized to BioSOLVE Curcumin™ 250 mg and placebo group Supplementation was administered twice daily after food for 12 weeks consecutively. The demographic, efficacy (ACR-20 assessments, WOMAC index and VAS pain) and safety parameters were recorded at baseline and efficacy parameters were assessed on day 30, 60, 90 and safety parameters were assessed on day 90. All participants completed the study. The superior improvement was observed in ACR-20 criteria and WOMAC index in the BioSOLVE Curcumin™ 250 mg group as compared to the placebo group (p <0.05). A significant transition of participants from severe to moderate pain categories based on VAS was observed in the intervention group. No adverse events (AEs) or serious adverse events (SAEs) occurred throughout the study. The improvement in ACR-20, WOMAC index and VAS score indicates the improved efficacy of curcumin in the complication of RA when administered as BioSOLVE Curcumin™ at the selected dose.
INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFRESEARCHIN PHARMACEUTICALSCIENCES, 2019
As Per WHO, vitamin A deficiency is a systemic disease affecting cells, organs throughout the bod... more As Per WHO, vitamin A deficiency is a systemic disease affecting cells, organs throughout the body. The gradual depletion of vitamin A stores results in xerophthalmia, night blindness, xerosis etc., reversed by vitamin A therapy. Beta-Carotene, a carotenoid, is the precursor of vitamin A, which cannot be synthesized by the human body. Hence, betacarotene formulation has gathered considerable attention in the healthcare industry. Hydrophobicity of Beta carotene being a major challenge in the formulation, Zeushygia LifeSciences Pvt. Ltd (Telangana India) developed a novel betacarotene formulation, CaroTex, with enhanced bioavailability. The present study assesses the bioavailability of CaroTex in a rodent model. The animals were divided into 5groups,NormalControl,VehicleControl,StandardbetaCarotene,Comparatorand CaroTex. AsratseficientlyconvertbetacaroteneintovitaminA,high doseofbeta-carotene(50mg/kg)wasgivenorallyfor7consecutivedays. Beta carotene, its metabolic product retinal were measured in rat liver. It was observed that beta carotene concentration in rats fed with CaroTex wasabout1.70,2.55timeshigherthanComparatorandcontrolrespectivelywhereasthe concentrationofretinalwasthesameinallgroups. Itisevidentfromthisstudy thatnovelformulationtechnology(BioFusionTechnology)ofCaroTexrelects inrelativelyhigherconcentrationlevelsofbetacarotene.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of
curcuminoids from regul... more The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of
curcuminoids from regular curcumin Powder (95% curcuminoids), and UltraSOL™ Nutrient System with curcumin (CurcuWIN™ Turmeric Extract, 20% curcuminoids) in dry powder forms on retina and metabolic markers in streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Male Wistar strain (WNIN) rats (2 months old; 213±14 g BW) were randomly assigned into 4 groups: control group (C), diabetic group (STZ-diabetic rats, D), STZ DM+ Soluble curcumin (SC, CurcuWIN™) and STZ DM +regular curcumin (RC). Daily food intake, weekly body weights, fasting glucose levels and HbA1C were assessed. Electroretinogram, immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence were performed in all treatment groups. At the end of 12 weeks, rats were euthanized and retinas harvested for histological and molecular analysis. In streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats (D) amplitude of oscillatory potentials (Ops) were reduced (334.2 µV) compared to normal control (C) animals. Curcumin resulted in significant changes in OP amplitudes suggested by sum of OPs, RC (445.7) and SC (455.3). Treatment with curcumin prevented gross morphological changes to a significant extent in diabetic retina. Treatment with RC and SC prevented loss of Rhodopsin (Rho) protein expression and nerve growth factor (NGF) protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by intense fluorescence. Treatment with RC and SC showed decreased protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by lower Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-α) positive fluorescence indicating the prevention of hypoxia in the retinas. Treatment with RC did not affect the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) over expression in diabetic retina but the SC reduced the VEGF expression. In STZDM the mRNA levels of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), are up regulated drastically, while treatment with SC significantly prevented its increase but there is no significant effect of RC treatment. Therefore, soluble curcumin may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and appears to be more effective than regular curcumin.
Thirty-five healthy subjects were randomly assigned to different doses of Salacia chinensis extra... more Thirty-five healthy subjects were randomly assigned to different doses of Salacia chinensis extract (200 mg, 300 mg, and 500 mg SCE) capsules and compared with placebo. It is a placebo controlled randomized crossover design study. Subjects were given oral sucrose solution along with capsules and plasma glucose and insulin responses were analyzed. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes after administration. AUC insulin significantly lowered after ingestion of SCE. No significant adverse events were observed. Reducing glucose and insulin is very important in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia.
Recent studies show that high intake of carotenoids is helpful in preventing bone loss in post-me... more Recent studies show that high intake of carotenoids is helpful in preventing bone loss in post-menopausal women. Carotenoids like b-cryptoxanthin increases calcium and phosphorus deposition in cultured
osteoblasts. b-Cryptoxanthin is also reported to have anabolic property in cultured osteoblast cells. It can also inhibit bone resorption process. Paprika and its dietary products are rich in carotenoids like b-cryptoxanthin. Carotenoids from the paprika oleoresin are also reported to have very good bioavailability in humans. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of b-cryptoxanthin rich paprika extract on animal model of ovariectomy induced bone loss. Treatment with the test drug was given for 6 weeks. The b-cryptoxanthin rich paprika extract significantly reduced urinary excretion of
pyridinium crosslinks, indicating its probable anti-resorptive property. The mechanical strength and density of cancellous bones are significantly improved. Thus the paprika extract may have potential role
as a sustainable nutritional approach to improving bone health in post-menopausal condition.
A single center, open-label, dose-finding adaptive study was conducted in twelve healthy overweig... more A single center, open-label, dose-finding adaptive study was conducted in twelve healthy overweight female subjects. The study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the capsaicinoids (CAPs) from Capsicum extract in a beadlet form compared to placebo in a healthy overweight population. The investigational product capsaicinoids (CAPs) from Capsicum extract in a beadlet form (Capsimax5) a proprietary encapsulated form of Capsicum extract in beadlet form supplemented at 2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, 8 mg and 10 mg of CAPs. An ascending dose protocol evaluated a total dose of 10 mg daily given in five divided doses (2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, 8 mg and 10 mg of CAPs). Each dose was given for a week. Safety and tolerability were assessed. Primary outcomes were tolerability assessments and reports of adverse events. Tolerability assessments were observed on skin color and any changes in skin, bowel movement, digestion, mouth or throat, hair color or changes in hair color, urination includes frequency and burning sensations, breathing, any changes in their health. Secondary outcomes were body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (SBP/DBP), vital signs, electrocardiograms, clinical chemistry parameters including liver function tests, lung function tests and kidney function tests and complete blood count (CBC). No dose effective changes were observed. The escalating dose levels of CAPs in a beadlet form product found was tolerable and safe for weight management studies. Tolerability assessments and safety blood markers showed no significant changes from baseline. No significant serious adverse events were reported throughout the duration of the study. Further longer term studies are required to explore the tolerability of the product. This trial is registered with ISRCTN: # ISRCTN10975080.
This study investigates the anti-oxidant effect of Curcumin formulation (UltraSol CurcuWin) on st... more This study investigates the anti-oxidant effect of Curcumin formulation (UltraSol CurcuWin) on stress induced rats. Fisher 344 N male rats that were 6-8 weeks old were chosen for the study. 30 animals were divided into 5 groups: I, II, III, IV and V. Group I was taken as the control group and was administered only with vehicle. All other groups were administered with various stressors every 24 hours over a period of 3 weeks. Group II which is administered with stressors and vehicle is used as a positive control. Curcumin powder 95% was administered to Group III with a dose of 100 mg/kg/day. UltraSol CurcuWin is administered per orally at 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/ day to groups IV & V respectively. Anti-oxidant effect was evaluated based on behavioral studies and tissue necropsy studies. Data revealed that UltraSol CurcuWin provided significant protection against loss of body weight (p<0.01), ameliorated anxiety (p<0.01) and depression behavior (p<0.01). Tissue necropsy studies on UltraSol CurcuWin20 % administered animals indicated a significant lower levels of Glutathione (GSH) in brain (p<0.01), heart (p<0.01) and liver (p<0.05). Lipid Peroxide (LPO) was significantly higher in brain (p<0.05), heart (p<0.01), liver (p<0.05) and kidney (p<0.01). Activity of Catalase decreased in the brain (p<0.05), heart (p<0.01) and kidney (p<0.01). The levels of super oxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly lower (p<0.01) in brain, heart and kidney. There is no significant difference between the plasma cortisol levels of unstressed rats and those that were administered with high dose UltraSol CurcuWin 20 % (Group V). There is no effect on protein content between the control and treatment groups. Histology studies on the hypothalamus indicated no stress related or treatment related changes. In conclusion UltraSol CurcuWin showed a potential role on endocrine function and also demonstrated the ability in alleviating the stress induced changes. UltraSol CurcuWin can act as a potent adaptogen.
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the a... more This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright a b s t r a c t Lutein and zeaxanthin, naturally occurring carotenoids, have shown to reduce the risk of cataracts and age-related macular degeneration. Lutemax™ 2020 is a lutein and zeaxanthin (including meso-isomer) enriched product obtained from Marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta L). The objective of the present study was to investigate adverse effects, if any, of Lutemax 2020™ in acute and subchronic toxicity, and muta-genicity studies. In acute toxicity study in rats no lethality was noted at 2000 mg Lutemax 2020™/kg body weight (bw). In the subchronic study, Wistar rats (10/sex/group) were administered (gavage) lutein/zeaxanthin concentrate at dose levels of 0, 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg bw/day for 90-days. Compared with the control group, administration of lutein/zeaxanthin concentrate did not result in any toxicologically significant treatment-related changes in clinical observations, ophthalmic examinations, body weights, body weight gains, feed consumption, and organ weights. No toxicologically relevant findings were noted in urinalysis, hematology or clinical biochemistry parameters at the end of the treatment or recovery period. Terminal necropsy did not reveal any treatment-related gross or histopathology findings. The results of mutagenicity testing in Salmonella typhimurium did not reveal any genotoxicity. The no observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for lutein/zeaxanthin concentrate was determined as 400 mg/ kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
Other by Shankaranarayanan Jeyakodi
The available evidence suggests a beneficial effect of zeaxanthin against the progression of age-... more The available evidence suggests a beneficial effect of zeaxanthin against the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The objective of the present study was to investigate potential adverse effects of OmniXan™, a RR-zeaxanthin (65%) enriched product obtained from paprika (Capsicum annum fruits) in subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity studies. The oral LD50 of OmniXan TM in rats was greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day. For the subchronic toxicity study, Wistar rats (10/sex/group) were gavaged daily with zeaxanthin concentrate at doses of 0, 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg bw/day for 90-days. No treatment related clinical signs and mortalities observed. Similarly, no treatment related toxicologically significant changes in body weight, feed consumption; ophthalmoscopic examination, neurological examination, hematology, urine analysis and organ weights were observed. Statistically significant changes observed in some clinical chemistry parameters were considered toxicologically and biologically insignificant and nonadverse. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations did not reveal treatment-related abnormalities. The results of mutagenicity testing using Salmonella typhimurium did not reveal any genotoxicity. The no observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for zeaxanthin concentrate (OmniXan TM) was determined as 400 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested. The findings of this subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity studies support safety of zeaxanthin concentrate.
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Papers by Shankaranarayanan Jeyakodi
curcuminoids from regular curcumin Powder (95% curcuminoids), and UltraSOL™ Nutrient System with curcumin (CurcuWIN™ Turmeric Extract, 20% curcuminoids) in dry powder forms on retina and metabolic markers in streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Male Wistar strain (WNIN) rats (2 months old; 213±14 g BW) were randomly assigned into 4 groups: control group (C), diabetic group (STZ-diabetic rats, D), STZ DM+ Soluble curcumin (SC, CurcuWIN™) and STZ DM +regular curcumin (RC). Daily food intake, weekly body weights, fasting glucose levels and HbA1C were assessed. Electroretinogram, immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence were performed in all treatment groups. At the end of 12 weeks, rats were euthanized and retinas harvested for histological and molecular analysis. In streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats (D) amplitude of oscillatory potentials (Ops) were reduced (334.2 µV) compared to normal control (C) animals. Curcumin resulted in significant changes in OP amplitudes suggested by sum of OPs, RC (445.7) and SC (455.3). Treatment with curcumin prevented gross morphological changes to a significant extent in diabetic retina. Treatment with RC and SC prevented loss of Rhodopsin (Rho) protein expression and nerve growth factor (NGF) protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by intense fluorescence. Treatment with RC and SC showed decreased protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by lower Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-α) positive fluorescence indicating the prevention of hypoxia in the retinas. Treatment with RC did not affect the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) over expression in diabetic retina but the SC reduced the VEGF expression. In STZDM the mRNA levels of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), are up regulated drastically, while treatment with SC significantly prevented its increase but there is no significant effect of RC treatment. Therefore, soluble curcumin may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and appears to be more effective than regular curcumin.
osteoblasts. b-Cryptoxanthin is also reported to have anabolic property in cultured osteoblast cells. It can also inhibit bone resorption process. Paprika and its dietary products are rich in carotenoids like b-cryptoxanthin. Carotenoids from the paprika oleoresin are also reported to have very good bioavailability in humans. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of b-cryptoxanthin rich paprika extract on animal model of ovariectomy induced bone loss. Treatment with the test drug was given for 6 weeks. The b-cryptoxanthin rich paprika extract significantly reduced urinary excretion of
pyridinium crosslinks, indicating its probable anti-resorptive property. The mechanical strength and density of cancellous bones are significantly improved. Thus the paprika extract may have potential role
as a sustainable nutritional approach to improving bone health in post-menopausal condition.
Other by Shankaranarayanan Jeyakodi
curcuminoids from regular curcumin Powder (95% curcuminoids), and UltraSOL™ Nutrient System with curcumin (CurcuWIN™ Turmeric Extract, 20% curcuminoids) in dry powder forms on retina and metabolic markers in streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Male Wistar strain (WNIN) rats (2 months old; 213±14 g BW) were randomly assigned into 4 groups: control group (C), diabetic group (STZ-diabetic rats, D), STZ DM+ Soluble curcumin (SC, CurcuWIN™) and STZ DM +regular curcumin (RC). Daily food intake, weekly body weights, fasting glucose levels and HbA1C were assessed. Electroretinogram, immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence were performed in all treatment groups. At the end of 12 weeks, rats were euthanized and retinas harvested for histological and molecular analysis. In streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats (D) amplitude of oscillatory potentials (Ops) were reduced (334.2 µV) compared to normal control (C) animals. Curcumin resulted in significant changes in OP amplitudes suggested by sum of OPs, RC (445.7) and SC (455.3). Treatment with curcumin prevented gross morphological changes to a significant extent in diabetic retina. Treatment with RC and SC prevented loss of Rhodopsin (Rho) protein expression and nerve growth factor (NGF) protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by intense fluorescence. Treatment with RC and SC showed decreased protein expression in diabetic retina indicated by lower Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-α) positive fluorescence indicating the prevention of hypoxia in the retinas. Treatment with RC did not affect the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) over expression in diabetic retina but the SC reduced the VEGF expression. In STZDM the mRNA levels of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), are up regulated drastically, while treatment with SC significantly prevented its increase but there is no significant effect of RC treatment. Therefore, soluble curcumin may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and appears to be more effective than regular curcumin.
osteoblasts. b-Cryptoxanthin is also reported to have anabolic property in cultured osteoblast cells. It can also inhibit bone resorption process. Paprika and its dietary products are rich in carotenoids like b-cryptoxanthin. Carotenoids from the paprika oleoresin are also reported to have very good bioavailability in humans. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of b-cryptoxanthin rich paprika extract on animal model of ovariectomy induced bone loss. Treatment with the test drug was given for 6 weeks. The b-cryptoxanthin rich paprika extract significantly reduced urinary excretion of
pyridinium crosslinks, indicating its probable anti-resorptive property. The mechanical strength and density of cancellous bones are significantly improved. Thus the paprika extract may have potential role
as a sustainable nutritional approach to improving bone health in post-menopausal condition.