The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a short... more The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a short-lived explosive cataclysmic super-eruption. The huge amounts of ash and SO2 emitted are likely to have triggered a volcanic winter which accelerated the transition to the last glaciation, and may have induced a human genetic bottleneck. However, the global climatic impact of the YTT or its duration are hotly debated. The present work offers a new interpretation of the Toba volcanic complex eruptive history. Analysing the BAR94-25 marine core proximal to the Toba volcanic center and combining it with high-resolution tephrostratigraphy and δ18O stratigraphy, we show that the Toba complex produced a volcanic succession that consists of at least 17 distinct layers of tephra and cryptotephra. Textural and geochemical analyses show that the tephra layers can be divided in 3 main successive volcanic activity phases (VAP1 to VAP3) over a period of ~ 50 kyr. The main volcanic activity phase, VAP...
Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth
understanding of the ... more Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth understanding of the life cycle of nanoparticles in the body. Here, we investigate the long-term fate of gold/iron oxide heterostructures after intravenous injection in mice. We show these heterostructures degrade in vivo and that the magnetic and optical properties change during the degradation process. These particles eventually eliminate from the body. The comparison of two different coating shells for heterostructures, amphiphilic polymer or polyethylene glycol, reveals the long lasting impact of initial surface properties on the nanocrystal degradability and on the kinetics of elimination of magnetic iron and gold from liver and spleen. Modulation of nanoparticles reactivity to the biological environment by the choice of materials and surface functionalization may provide new directions in the design of multifunctional nanomedicines with predictable fate.
The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a short... more The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a shortlived explosive cataclysmic super-eruption. The huge amounts of ash and SO 2 emitted are likely to have triggered a volcanic winter which accelerated the transition to the last glaciation, and may have induced a human genetic bottleneck. However, the global climatic impact of the YTT or its duration are hotly debated. The present work offers a new interpretation of the Toba volcanic complex eruptive history. Analysing the BAR94-25 marine core proximal to the Toba volcanic center and combining it with high-resolution tephrostratigraphy and δ 18 O stratigraphy, we show that the Toba complex produced a volcanic succession that consists of at least 17 distinct layers of tephra and cryptotephra. Textural and geochemical analyses show that the tephra layers can be divided in 3 main successive volcanic activity phases (VAP1 to VAP3) over a period of ~ 50 kyr. The main volcanic activity phase, VAP2, including the YTT, is likely composed of 6 eruptive events in an interval whose total duration is ~ 10 ka. Thus, we suggest that the eruptive model of the Toba volcano must be revised as the duration of the Toba volcanic activity was much longer than suggested by previous studies. The implications of re-estimating the emission rate and the dispersion of ashes and SO 2 include global environmental reconstitutions, climate change modelling and possibly human migration and evolution.
The Neotethys ocean is transiently involved in two subduction zones during the Late Cretaceous. W... more The Neotethys ocean is transiently involved in two subduction zones during the Late Cretaceous. While the Northern Neotethys subduction zone (below Eurasia) was active from the early Mesozoic until the Eocene, the intra-oceanic Southern Neotethys subduction zone only developed during the Late Cretaceous. We herein document, through a combination of structural, geochemical and geochronological data, the magmatic evolution of a Late Cretaceous supra-subduction ophiolite fragment of the Neotethys (the Siah Kuh massif, Southern Iran), now sandwiched in the Zagros suture zone. Results show that this ophiolite fragmenta subducted yet exceptionally well-preserved seamountrecords an evolution from supra-subduction zone magmatism (including island arc tholeiites, boninites and calc-alkaline transitional magmatism) around 87 Ma, to MORB (from E-MORB to N-MORB) magmatism at 78 Ma, and potentially until 73 Ma. We conclude that this seamount initially formed in an arc context and represents either (i) a non-obducted remnant of the Oman ophiolite that experienced a longer-lived magmatic history (prefered hypothesis) or (ii) a piece from the forearc/frontal arc of the Northern margin of the Neotethys. Regardless of its exact original location, the Siah Kuh seamount was later subducted in the Northern Neotethys subduction zone.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
The ferrocenyl diphenol complexes 1,1-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (1) and 1,2-bi... more The ferrocenyl diphenol complexes 1,1-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (1) and 1,2-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-1-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene [(Z)-2], which differ by the relative position of the two phenolic substituents, display dramatically different antiproliferative activities on cancer cells (1 is far more cytotoxic than 2). In this study, our goal was to discover the origin of this difference by comparing their reactivity and biological behaviour. In terms of common behaviour, we found that 1 and 2 are both efficient inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in vitro after oxidation by a horseradish peroxidase/H 2 O 2 system. However, as 1 is only a moderate inhibitor of TrxR in MDA-MB-231 cells, TrxR is probably not the major target responsible for the cytotoxicity of 1. In terms of differences, we noted that 1 induced a significant redox imbalance characterised by lipid peroxidation and thiol oxidation, and a moderate decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential in breast cancer cells, whereas 2 has almost no effect. These results underline the importance of the trans configuration in the ferrocenyl-double bond-phenol motif, which is present in 1 but is cis in (Z)-2.
During the last decade, the shift of the oil and gas industry towards unconventional resources in... more During the last decade, the shift of the oil and gas industry towards unconventional resources in North America has brought the focus on self-sourced reservoirs. The occurrence of hydrocarbons in these reservoirs is strongly associated with in situ organic content and maturation. On the other hand, the effective extraction of this resource depends on the brittleness of the reservoir, mainly controlled by the mineralogy of the matrix and by rock fabric (natural fractures, bedding…). Hence, understanding the distribution of organic heterogeneities and associated mineralogical variations is paramount to reduce the risk in exploration and development of unconventional resources. The Montney and the Doig Formations (Fms) are a suitable exemple to study the controlling factors of the organic heterogeneities. These formations are known from the petroleum industry since the early 60s. They present both conventional and unconventional plays (NEB, 2013) which allow to have data on the whole s...
Figure S1. (A) T2 weighted MRI image of anti-HER2 GNs samples at five different iron concentratio... more Figure S1. (A) T2 weighted MRI image of anti-HER2 GNs samples at five different iron concentrations (0.02 to 1 mM) at 7 Teslas and 25 °C. (B) Relaxation rates of GNs (red) and anti-HER2 GNs (green) according to the iron concentrations. At 7 Teslas and 25 °C, linear fitting of the data gives a relaxivity of 48.5 mM-1 s-1 for the GNs and 44.0 mM-1 s-1 for the anti-HER2 GNs. R2 represents the relaxation rate calculated as 1/T2, T2 being the transversal relaxation time. R2 is the coefficient of determination of linear regressions. (C) UV-Vis absorption spectra of anti-HER2 GNs (stock and administered suspensions) showing their photothermal stability under pulsed laser irradiation. Figure S2. Relative viability of BT474 and BT474-R cells incubated with different concentrations of trastuzumab. Figure S3. Immunostaining of BT474-R and MDA231 cells incubated with trastuzumab-FITC (green, left panel). Dark field images of BT474-R and MDA231 cells incubated with anti-HER2 gold nanoshells (rig...
The volcanoes of the Pavin group (Montcineyre, Estivadoux, Montchal and Pavin) represent the most... more The volcanoes of the Pavin group (Montcineyre, Estivadoux, Montchal and Pavin) represent the most recent (~7 ky) volcanic activity in the Chaine des Puys s.l.) and also occupy a particular geographical and structural position in this volcanic chain. Petrology and geochemistry of the volcanic products (lava flows, scoriae, bombs and pumice clasts) of the different edifices show that they define a magma differentiation series from primary basalts (Montcineyre lava flow) to benmoreites (Pavin pumice clasts) with close similarities with that of the Chaine des Puys (stricto sensu). It is however characterized by some significant difference in the relative behavior of K2O and of numerous trace elements such as Sc, Co, Y, REE, Nb, Ta. These specific behaviors, in particular the relatively high bulk partition coefficients of Nb and Ta are characteristic of the fractionation of amphibole which is the only major mineral phase able to significantly fractionate these incompatible elements in ba...
Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth understanding of the ... more Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth understanding of the life cycle of nanoparticles in the body. Here we investigate the long term fate of gold/iron oxide heterostructures after intravenous injection in mice. We show these heterostructures degrade in vivo and that the magnetic and optical properties change during the degradation process. These particles eventually eliminate from the body. The comparison of two different coating shells for heterostructures - amphiphilic polymer or polyethylene glycol - reveals the long lasting impact of initial surface properties on the nanocrystal degradability and on the kinetics of elimination of magnetic iron and gold from liver and spleen. Modulate nanoparticles reactivity to the biological environment by the choice of materials and surface functionalization may provide new directions in the design of multifunctional nanomedicines with predictable fate.
... Zanchetta2, Roberto Santacroce2 1 CIRISIVU, c/o Dipartimento Geomineralogico, via Orabona 4, ... more ... Zanchetta2, Roberto Santacroce2 1 CIRISIVU, c/o Dipartimento Geomineralogico, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy; ... 2008; Pappalardo et al, 1999; Santacroce and Sbrana, 2003), makes the Central Mediterranean area an exceptional site for detailed studies on ash dispersal. ...
The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a short... more The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a short-lived explosive cataclysmic super-eruption. The huge amounts of ash and SO2 emitted are likely to have triggered a volcanic winter which accelerated the transition to the last glaciation, and may have induced a human genetic bottleneck. However, the global climatic impact of the YTT or its duration are hotly debated. The present work offers a new interpretation of the Toba volcanic complex eruptive history. Analysing the BAR94-25 marine core proximal to the Toba volcanic center and combining it with high-resolution tephrostratigraphy and δ18O stratigraphy, we show that the Toba complex produced a volcanic succession that consists of at least 17 distinct layers of tephra and cryptotephra. Textural and geochemical analyses show that the tephra layers can be divided in 3 main successive volcanic activity phases (VAP1 to VAP3) over a period of ~ 50 kyr. The main volcanic activity phase, VAP...
Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth
understanding of the ... more Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth understanding of the life cycle of nanoparticles in the body. Here, we investigate the long-term fate of gold/iron oxide heterostructures after intravenous injection in mice. We show these heterostructures degrade in vivo and that the magnetic and optical properties change during the degradation process. These particles eventually eliminate from the body. The comparison of two different coating shells for heterostructures, amphiphilic polymer or polyethylene glycol, reveals the long lasting impact of initial surface properties on the nanocrystal degradability and on the kinetics of elimination of magnetic iron and gold from liver and spleen. Modulation of nanoparticles reactivity to the biological environment by the choice of materials and surface functionalization may provide new directions in the design of multifunctional nanomedicines with predictable fate.
The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a short... more The Indonesian Young Toba Tuff (YTT), classically dated around 74 ka BP, is considered as a shortlived explosive cataclysmic super-eruption. The huge amounts of ash and SO 2 emitted are likely to have triggered a volcanic winter which accelerated the transition to the last glaciation, and may have induced a human genetic bottleneck. However, the global climatic impact of the YTT or its duration are hotly debated. The present work offers a new interpretation of the Toba volcanic complex eruptive history. Analysing the BAR94-25 marine core proximal to the Toba volcanic center and combining it with high-resolution tephrostratigraphy and δ 18 O stratigraphy, we show that the Toba complex produced a volcanic succession that consists of at least 17 distinct layers of tephra and cryptotephra. Textural and geochemical analyses show that the tephra layers can be divided in 3 main successive volcanic activity phases (VAP1 to VAP3) over a period of ~ 50 kyr. The main volcanic activity phase, VAP2, including the YTT, is likely composed of 6 eruptive events in an interval whose total duration is ~ 10 ka. Thus, we suggest that the eruptive model of the Toba volcano must be revised as the duration of the Toba volcanic activity was much longer than suggested by previous studies. The implications of re-estimating the emission rate and the dispersion of ashes and SO 2 include global environmental reconstitutions, climate change modelling and possibly human migration and evolution.
The Neotethys ocean is transiently involved in two subduction zones during the Late Cretaceous. W... more The Neotethys ocean is transiently involved in two subduction zones during the Late Cretaceous. While the Northern Neotethys subduction zone (below Eurasia) was active from the early Mesozoic until the Eocene, the intra-oceanic Southern Neotethys subduction zone only developed during the Late Cretaceous. We herein document, through a combination of structural, geochemical and geochronological data, the magmatic evolution of a Late Cretaceous supra-subduction ophiolite fragment of the Neotethys (the Siah Kuh massif, Southern Iran), now sandwiched in the Zagros suture zone. Results show that this ophiolite fragmenta subducted yet exceptionally well-preserved seamountrecords an evolution from supra-subduction zone magmatism (including island arc tholeiites, boninites and calc-alkaline transitional magmatism) around 87 Ma, to MORB (from E-MORB to N-MORB) magmatism at 78 Ma, and potentially until 73 Ma. We conclude that this seamount initially formed in an arc context and represents either (i) a non-obducted remnant of the Oman ophiolite that experienced a longer-lived magmatic history (prefered hypothesis) or (ii) a piece from the forearc/frontal arc of the Northern margin of the Neotethys. Regardless of its exact original location, the Siah Kuh seamount was later subducted in the Northern Neotethys subduction zone.
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
The ferrocenyl diphenol complexes 1,1-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (1) and 1,2-bi... more The ferrocenyl diphenol complexes 1,1-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene (1) and 1,2-bis(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-1-ferrocenyl-but-1-ene [(Z)-2], which differ by the relative position of the two phenolic substituents, display dramatically different antiproliferative activities on cancer cells (1 is far more cytotoxic than 2). In this study, our goal was to discover the origin of this difference by comparing their reactivity and biological behaviour. In terms of common behaviour, we found that 1 and 2 are both efficient inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in vitro after oxidation by a horseradish peroxidase/H 2 O 2 system. However, as 1 is only a moderate inhibitor of TrxR in MDA-MB-231 cells, TrxR is probably not the major target responsible for the cytotoxicity of 1. In terms of differences, we noted that 1 induced a significant redox imbalance characterised by lipid peroxidation and thiol oxidation, and a moderate decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential in breast cancer cells, whereas 2 has almost no effect. These results underline the importance of the trans configuration in the ferrocenyl-double bond-phenol motif, which is present in 1 but is cis in (Z)-2.
During the last decade, the shift of the oil and gas industry towards unconventional resources in... more During the last decade, the shift of the oil and gas industry towards unconventional resources in North America has brought the focus on self-sourced reservoirs. The occurrence of hydrocarbons in these reservoirs is strongly associated with in situ organic content and maturation. On the other hand, the effective extraction of this resource depends on the brittleness of the reservoir, mainly controlled by the mineralogy of the matrix and by rock fabric (natural fractures, bedding…). Hence, understanding the distribution of organic heterogeneities and associated mineralogical variations is paramount to reduce the risk in exploration and development of unconventional resources. The Montney and the Doig Formations (Fms) are a suitable exemple to study the controlling factors of the organic heterogeneities. These formations are known from the petroleum industry since the early 60s. They present both conventional and unconventional plays (NEB, 2013) which allow to have data on the whole s...
Figure S1. (A) T2 weighted MRI image of anti-HER2 GNs samples at five different iron concentratio... more Figure S1. (A) T2 weighted MRI image of anti-HER2 GNs samples at five different iron concentrations (0.02 to 1 mM) at 7 Teslas and 25 °C. (B) Relaxation rates of GNs (red) and anti-HER2 GNs (green) according to the iron concentrations. At 7 Teslas and 25 °C, linear fitting of the data gives a relaxivity of 48.5 mM-1 s-1 for the GNs and 44.0 mM-1 s-1 for the anti-HER2 GNs. R2 represents the relaxation rate calculated as 1/T2, T2 being the transversal relaxation time. R2 is the coefficient of determination of linear regressions. (C) UV-Vis absorption spectra of anti-HER2 GNs (stock and administered suspensions) showing their photothermal stability under pulsed laser irradiation. Figure S2. Relative viability of BT474 and BT474-R cells incubated with different concentrations of trastuzumab. Figure S3. Immunostaining of BT474-R and MDA231 cells incubated with trastuzumab-FITC (green, left panel). Dark field images of BT474-R and MDA231 cells incubated with anti-HER2 gold nanoshells (rig...
The volcanoes of the Pavin group (Montcineyre, Estivadoux, Montchal and Pavin) represent the most... more The volcanoes of the Pavin group (Montcineyre, Estivadoux, Montchal and Pavin) represent the most recent (~7 ky) volcanic activity in the Chaine des Puys s.l.) and also occupy a particular geographical and structural position in this volcanic chain. Petrology and geochemistry of the volcanic products (lava flows, scoriae, bombs and pumice clasts) of the different edifices show that they define a magma differentiation series from primary basalts (Montcineyre lava flow) to benmoreites (Pavin pumice clasts) with close similarities with that of the Chaine des Puys (stricto sensu). It is however characterized by some significant difference in the relative behavior of K2O and of numerous trace elements such as Sc, Co, Y, REE, Nb, Ta. These specific behaviors, in particular the relatively high bulk partition coefficients of Nb and Ta are characteristic of the fractionation of amphibole which is the only major mineral phase able to significantly fractionate these incompatible elements in ba...
Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth understanding of the ... more Safe implementation of nanotechnology and nanomedicine requires an in-depth understanding of the life cycle of nanoparticles in the body. Here we investigate the long term fate of gold/iron oxide heterostructures after intravenous injection in mice. We show these heterostructures degrade in vivo and that the magnetic and optical properties change during the degradation process. These particles eventually eliminate from the body. The comparison of two different coating shells for heterostructures - amphiphilic polymer or polyethylene glycol - reveals the long lasting impact of initial surface properties on the nanocrystal degradability and on the kinetics of elimination of magnetic iron and gold from liver and spleen. Modulate nanoparticles reactivity to the biological environment by the choice of materials and surface functionalization may provide new directions in the design of multifunctional nanomedicines with predictable fate.
... Zanchetta2, Roberto Santacroce2 1 CIRISIVU, c/o Dipartimento Geomineralogico, via Orabona 4, ... more ... Zanchetta2, Roberto Santacroce2 1 CIRISIVU, c/o Dipartimento Geomineralogico, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy; ... 2008; Pappalardo et al, 1999; Santacroce and Sbrana, 2003), makes the Central Mediterranean area an exceptional site for detailed studies on ash dispersal. ...
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Papers by Benoît Caron
understanding of the life cycle of nanoparticles in the body. Here, we investigate the long-term fate
of gold/iron oxide heterostructures after intravenous injection in mice. We show these heterostructures
degrade in vivo and that the magnetic and optical properties change during the
degradation process. These particles eventually eliminate from the body. The comparison of two
different coating shells for heterostructures, amphiphilic polymer or polyethylene glycol, reveals the
long lasting impact of initial surface properties on the nanocrystal degradability and on the kinetics of
elimination of magnetic iron and gold from liver and spleen. Modulation of nanoparticles reactivity to
the biological environment by the choice of materials and surface functionalization may provide new directions in the design of multifunctional
nanomedicines with predictable fate.
understanding of the life cycle of nanoparticles in the body. Here, we investigate the long-term fate
of gold/iron oxide heterostructures after intravenous injection in mice. We show these heterostructures
degrade in vivo and that the magnetic and optical properties change during the
degradation process. These particles eventually eliminate from the body. The comparison of two
different coating shells for heterostructures, amphiphilic polymer or polyethylene glycol, reveals the
long lasting impact of initial surface properties on the nanocrystal degradability and on the kinetics of
elimination of magnetic iron and gold from liver and spleen. Modulation of nanoparticles reactivity to
the biological environment by the choice of materials and surface functionalization may provide new directions in the design of multifunctional
nanomedicines with predictable fate.