Morska mina
Morska mina je eksplozivna naprava, ki se uporablja za uničevanje ladij ali podmornic. Detonator je kontaktni ali pa bližinski (magnetni). Princip je isti kot pri kopenskih ali protioklepnih minah, le da so morske mine precej večje.
Lahko se uporabljajo ofenzivno, tako da se minira sovražnikove ladijske poti in pristanišča ali pa defenzivno, tako se zavaruje prijateljska pristanišča. Mine se lahko polaga z ladjami, podmornicami in tudi z letali ali helikopterji. Med prvo svetovno vojno so bile morske mine pravo nevarno orožje za ladje in podmornice. 21. novembra 1916 je morska mina potopila največjo ladjo tistega časa, britansko bolniško ladjo HMHS Britannic, ki je bila sestrska ladja RMS Titanic. Med drugo svetovno vojno so Američani iz bombnikov B-29 s padali odmetovali mine v japonska pristanišča in s tem povzročili veliko škode japonskih tovornim ladjam.
Morske mine so sorazmerno poceni in učinkovito orožje, njihovo odstranjevanje pa je lahko drag in zamuden proces. Na svetu še vedno obstaja več minskih polj iz druge svetovne vojne, ki so kljub starosti še vedno nevarne.
Bibliografija
[uredi | uredi kodo]- Stuart Macrae (1971). Winston Churchill's Toyshop. Roundwood Press. ISBN 0-900093-22-6.
- Needham, Joseph (1986). Science and Civilization in China: Volume 5, Part 7. Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd.
- »WW2 People's War—An archive of World War Two memories—written by the public, gathered by the BBC«. BBC. Pridobljeno 19. februarja 2007.
- Hartmann, Gregory K. with Scott C. Truver (1991). Weapons That Wait: Mine Warfare in the U.S. Navy. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-753-4. (Canonical general text about U.S. mine warfare)
- Hewitt, James Terrance (1998). Desert Sailor: A War of Mine. Clementsport: The Canadian Peacekeeping Press. ISBN 1-896551-17-3. (Personal account of mine countermeasures operations in Operation Desert Storm during the Gulf War 1991, including the mining of USS Tripoli.)
- Peniston, Bradley (2006). No Higher Honor: Saving the USS Samuel B. Roberts in the Persian Gulf. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-661-5. Pridobljeno 31. decembra 2011. (Describes mine damage to a U.S. frigate)
- Wise, Harold Lee (2007). Inside the Danger Zone: The U.S. Military in the Persian Gulf 1987–88. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-970-3. (Describes American efforts to combat Iranian mine campaign in the Persian Gulf)
Zunanje povezave
[uredi | uredi kodo]
- Technical details of German Second World War sea mines
- 'Stonefish' – a British influence mine
- Development of Minewarfare
- List of various mine types Arhivirano 2013-11-03 na Wayback Machine.
- Description of mines used by the United States
- Henry Norton Sulivan: a depiction of early Naval Mine
- Belgian-Netherlands Naval Mine Warfare School, NATO Center of Excellence Arhivirano 2011-11-12 na Wayback Machine.
- W.L.Clowes in 1855
- Popular Science, March 1940, Can Mines Conqueror Sea Power
- Popular Science, November 1943, Mine Killers at Work
- "Fighting The Submarine Mine – How Navies Combat A Deadly Sea Weapon" October 1941
- "Mines Are Dirty Tricks" , February 1951 updates to above article on naval mines due to Korean War and types and measures against
