Hadith
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A hadith (Arabic: حَدِيْث, pronounced: "ha-deeth") is a saying attributed to Muhammad, a prophet of Islam. In English, the word hadith is also used as the plural word for a group of these narrations, although the plural in Arabic is a-HAA-deeth.
For most self-identified Muslims, hadiths are used along with the Qur'an to interpret Sharia. Sunnis follow the Kutub al-Sittah; Shias follow the Kutub al-Arba'a; Ibadis follow Tartib al-Musnad. Hadiths attributed to Abu Hurairah are the most common hadiths in Sunnism. Unlike the Qur'an, hadiths are not universally accepted by Muslims;[1][2][3] some Muslims claim that most hadiths are fabrications (pseudepigrapha)[1] created in the 8th and 9th century AD, and which are falsely attributed to Muhammad.[2][3][1]
Meaning
[change | change source]The word hadith means something new or a piece of information.[4] The religious meaning of hadith is a statement, action or approval attributed to the prophet of Islam, Muhammad.[5] Therefore, hadith can be divided into three categories based upon their content:
- An attributed statement of the Prophet
- An attributed action of the Prophet
- An attribution of the Prophet’s approval of an action done by other than him
History
[change | change source]After Prophet Muhammad died, Muslim scholars wrote down stories about what he had said and done. They also wrote down facts about who told each story. Some of the stories were retold many times before they were written down, and some stories did not agree in every detail resulting in the detailed study of hadith by scholars to compare between those hadith.
Muslim scholars collected all of these Hadith in books and compared them to each other. They decided which Hadith were most likely to be true records of the Sunnah, that is, the words and actions of Muhammad. Muslims see the Sunnah as an important source of guidance, along with the Qur'an. Islam is the complete religion so nothing could be changed about it. It gives a complete code of life.
Historically, not all Muslims believed in the hadiths. For example, Mu'tazilites rejected the hadiths as the basis for Islamic law, while at the same time accepting the Sunnah and ijma.[6] For Mu'tazilites, the basic argument for rejecting the hadiths was that "since its essence is transmission by individuals, [it] cannot be a sure avenue of our knowledge about the Prophetic teaching unlike the Qur’an about whose transmission there is a universal unanimity among Muslims".[7] Further, those who claim to obey the Qur'an alone while rejecting external sources such as the hadiths and the previous revelations are known as "Qur'anists".
Related pages
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Hadith and the Corruption of the great religion of Islam | Submission.org - Your best source for Submission (Islam)". submission.org. Retrieved 2020-01-23.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Aisha Y. Musa, The Qur’anists, Florida International University, accessed May 22, 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Neal Robinson (2013), Islam: A Concise Introduction, Routledge, ISBN 978-0878402243, Chapter 7, pp. 85-89
- ↑ Lisan al-`Arab, Ibn Manthour, 2:350; Cairo, Dar al-Hadith.
- ↑ 'may peace be to him'Qawa`id al-Tahdith, Jamal al-Din al-Qasimi, pg. 61; Beirut, Dar al-Nafais.
- ↑ Deen, Sayyed M. (2007). Science Under Islam: Rise, Decline and Revival. ISBN 9781847999429.
- ↑ Deen, Sayyed M. (2007). Science Under Islam: Rise, Decline and Revival. ISBN 9781847999429.
Further reading
[change | change source]- Swarup, Ram (1983). Understanding Islam through Hadis. New Delhi: Voice of India. ISBN 9788185990736. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2017.