View source for Hans Krebs

{{Nobelprize|Physiology or Medicine}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name        = Hans Krebs
| image       = Hans Adolf Krebs.jpg
| image_size  = 
| birth_date  = {{birth date|1900|8|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Hildesheim]], [[Germany]]
| nationality = German, British
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1981|11|22|1900|8|25|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Oxford]], [[England]] 
| field       = [[Internal medicine]], [[biochemistry]]
| workplaces  = [[Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology]]<br>[[University of Hamburg]]<br>[[Cambridge University]]<br>[[University of Sheffield]]<br>[[University of Oxford]]
| alma_mater  = [[University of Göttingen]]<br>[[University of Freiburg]]<br>[[University of Berlin]]<br>[[University of Hamburg]]
| known_for   = Discovery of the [[urea cycle]] and the [[citric acid cycle]]
| prizes      = [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (1953)
}}
'''Sir Hans Adolf Krebs''' ({{IPA-de|ˈhans ˈaːdɔlf ˈkʁeːps|-|De-Hans Adolf Krebs.ogg}}, {{IPAc-en|k|r|ɛ|b|z|,_|k|r|ɛ|p|s}}; 25 August 1900 – 22 November 1981)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kornberg|first1=H.|last2=Williamson|first2=D. H.|title=Hans Adolf Krebs. 25 August 1900 – 22 November 1981|journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society|year=1984|volume=30|pages=350–385|doi=10.1098/rsbm.1984.0013|pmid=11616005|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Weber|first1=George|title=Sir Hans A. Krebs Centenary Lecture: cancer and clinical targeting|journal=Advances in Enzyme Regulation|year=2001|volume=41|issue=1|pages=1–29|doi=10.1016/S0065-2571(00)00026-1|pmid=11417529}}</ref><ref name=stubbs>{{cite journal|last1=Gibbons|first1=Marion Stubbs, Geoff|title=Hans Adolf Krebs (1900–1981)...His Life and Times|journal=IUBMB Life|year=2000|volume=50|issue=3|pages=163–166|doi=10.1080/152165400300001462|pmid=11142342|s2cid=26393428|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=raju>{{cite journal|last1=Raju|first1=Tonse NK|title=The Nobel Chronicles|journal=The Lancet|year=1999|volume=353|issue=9164|pages=1628|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)75758-5|pmid=10334294|s2cid=54354255}}</ref> was a [[Germany|German]] [[Jewish]] [[scientist]] who became a [[Naturalisation|naturalised]] [[British]] [[citizen]]. He was a [[physician]] and [[biochemist]].<ref>{{cite journal | last=Stubbs M. & Gibbons G. 2000  | title=Hans Adolf Krebs (1900-1981)...his life and times | journal=IUBMB Life | year=2000 | volume=50 | issue=3 | pages=163–6 | pmid=11142342 | doi=10.1080/152165400300001462| s2cid=26393428 }}
</ref>

Krebs researched [[metabolism]]. He is famous because he discovered the [[urea cycle]] and the [[citric acid cycle]] (also called the ''Krebs Cycle''). Krebs won the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] for this, in 1953.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Raju T.N. 1999|date=May 1999|title=The Nobel chronicles. 1953: Hans Adolf Krebs (1900-81) and Fritz Albert Lipmann (1899-1986)|journal=The Lancet|volume=353|issue=9164|pages=1628|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)75758-5|pmid=10334294|s2cid=54354255}}</ref>

==Early years==
Krebs was born in [[Hildesheim]], [[Germany]]. His mother was Alma Davidson. His father was Georg Krebs. Georg Krebs was an ear, nose, and throat doctor.  

===Education===
Krebs studied [[medicine]] at the University of Göttingen and the University of Freiburg from 1918–1923. He earned his Ph.D. at the University of Hamburg in 1925. Next, he studied [[chemistry]] in [[Berlin]] for one year. In Berlin, he helped [[Otto Heinrich Warburg|Otto Warburg]] at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology until 1930.

==Career==
Krebs worked as a doctor  in the Altona hospital and at the University of Freiburg. At the University of Freiburg he researched the [[urea cycle]].

Because he was Jewish, Krebs could not be a doctor in Germany. In 1933 he moved to England. He worked at [[Cambridge]] with Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins. In Cambridge he researched [[biochemistry]]. In 1945 he became a Professor (teacher) at the University of Sheffield.

In 1954 he became a professor in Oxford. After his retirement, Krebs continued work at the Radcliffe Infirmary until his death.  He was a [[fellow]] of Trinity College in Oxford.

===Honors===
In 1953 Krebs received the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize in Physiology]] for his "discovery of the citric acid cycle".<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1953/krebs-bio.html Biography - Hans Adolf Krebs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050121093346/http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1953/krebs-bio.html |date=2005-01-21 }} Nobel Prize</ref> He was knighted in 1958. 

Krebs was elected Honorary Fellow of [[Girton College]], [[Cambridge University]] in 1979.

==Personal life ==
In 1938, Krebs married Margaret Cicely Fieldhouse. They had three children: two boys and a girl: John, Paul and Helen.  His son John Krebs was an [[ornithologist]] and member of the [[House of Lords]].  

Krebs died in [[Oxford]], [[England]] in 1981.<ref>*[http://www.oxfordshireblueplaques.org.uk/plaques/krebs.html Plaque to Krebs on his Iffley home] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718064655/http://www.oxfordshireblueplaques.org.uk/plaques/krebs.html |date=2011-07-18 }} Oxfordshire Blue Plaques</ref>

==Timeline==
*1900 Born in [[Germany]]
*1918 Began medical school
*1923 Graduated from medical school
*1925 Graduated with Ph.D. from [[University of Hamburg]]
*1932 Identification of [[Urea cycle]]
*1933 Moved to the United Kingdom
*1937 Identification of [[Citric acid cycle]] or "Krebs cycle"
*1945 Became a Professor at [[University of Sheffield]]
*1953 Won the [[Nobel Prize]]
*1958 Knighted
*1981 Died in Oxford, England 

==References==
{{reflist}}


{{Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Krebs, Hans}}
[[Category:1900 births]]
[[Category:1981 deaths]]
[[Category:British biochemists]]
[[Category:British Nobel Prize winners]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:German biochemists]]
[[Category:German doctors]]
[[Category:Jewish British academics]]
[[Category:Jewish British scientists]]
[[Category:Jewish German scientists]]
[[Category:Jewish Nobel Prize winners]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom]]