Papers by Yasser A . El-Gabry
CURRENT RESEARCH WEB, 2023
This study employed a line × tester mating design to evaluate maize inbred lines. We obtained nin... more This study employed a line × tester mating design to evaluate maize inbred lines. We obtained nine imported white maize inbred lines from CIMMYT and IITA and used three testers with diverse genetic backgrounds. Our analysis using ANOVA revealed highly significant genetic variability among the tested genotypes and significant differences among check varieties for various traits at two different locations, Menya and Ismailia. The mean square due to lines (L) was found to be significant or highly significant for all traits, except for the no. of kernels per row at the Ismailia location. This indicates the presence of a wide range of variability among the lines, providing an opportunity for selection to improve yield and yield-related traits.The mean squares due to testers were found to be significant or highly significant for all traits, except for 100 kernel weight, at both locations. The line x tester interaction showed significance for most traits, highlighting the influence of specific testers on inbred line performance. The grain yield per plant exhibited significant variation, with certain single crosses, particularly (L2 × T2) at the Menya location, outperforming the check variety SC 128. Furthermore, we calculated superiority percentages of 27 hybrids for grain yield per plant, relative to SC 128 for nine single crosses, and relative to TWC 324 for nine three-way crosses and nine topcrosses. At the Ismailia location, four single crosses (L1, L4, L6, and L9) in combination with T1 and the double cross L4 × T3 demonstrated significant or highly significant useful heterosis for grain per plant yield, highlighting their desirability. This research offers valuable insights into the performance and potential of various maize hybrids, aiding in informed selection and breeding strategies to enhance yield and related traits.
Fayoum Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 2024
ABSTRACT To evaluate the expression of drought tolerance for bread wheat, six parents diverse in ... more ABSTRACT To evaluate the expression of drought tolerance for bread wheat, six parents diverse in their response to drought i.e., Giza 171 (P1), Sakha 95 (P2), Bohouth 6 (P3), Cham 8 (P4), Gemmiza 12 (P5) and Masr 3 (P6) and their 15 F1 crosses at 100% water requirements, and 70% water requirements sown in randomized complete blocks design season 2023/24 to estimate some genetic parameters for day to heading, days to maturity, chlorophyll pigments, superoxide dismutase activity, the activity of ascorbate peroxidase, proline content, number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, 100-kernel weight, and grain yield/plant. slightly significant differences were shown for most studied traits across all water regimes. The ratios of general combining ability to specific combining ability exceeded one for the examined traits, with some exceptions, signifying the influence of additive gene effects on the inheritance. The parental genotypes as good combiners, for earliness were P1 under both treatments, as well as P1, P2, and P3 at 70% water requirements, for physiologic and agronomic traits. The crosses P3 × P4 and P4 × P6 were the best combinations across the two treatments depending on physiological response and yield attributes. Most hybrids had significant heterotic values for agronomic and bio-physiological traits. The genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation varied from 1.71% for days to maturity to 14.83% for proline content, and from 1.90% for days to maturity to 16.64% for the activity of ascorbate peroxidase under well-watered, respectively; likewise, from 2.03% and 1.80% for days to maturity to 14.69% and 14.05% for chlorophyll a, respectively under water deficit.
Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 2024
ABSTRACT
A half diallel set of crosses were made among seven inbred lines of white maize during 2... more ABSTRACT
A half diallel set of crosses were made among seven inbred lines of white maize during 2021 growing
season to estimate combining ability for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant height, ear
height, ear leaf area, chlorophyll content, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, ear length,
ear diameter, 100-kernels weight and grain yield per plant under two sowing dates (14th of May
“recommended date” and 14th of June “late sowing date”) in two separate field experiments. Each
experiment included 21 F1 hybrids and the check variety SC 128 in a randomized complete block design
with three replications during 2022 season. Results indicated that mean squares due to genotypes,
sowing dates and the interactions between them were significant / or highly significant for all the studied
traits. Mean squares due to GCA, SCA and their interactions with sowing dates were highly significant
for all the studied traits. The ratios of GCA/SCA variances were less than the unity for all the studied
traits indicating that the non-additive genetic effects had the main role of the expression of these traits.
The parental inbred lines P3, P4 and P7 seemed to be good general combiners for grain yield and most
studied traits under the two sowing dates. The crosses P1xP4, P2xP6, P3xP5, P3xP7 and P6xP7 were the
best cross-combinations for grain yield and most of the studied traits under two sowing dates.
Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture, 2024
This study was conducted to determine the impact of sodium chloride (2000 ppm) and salicylic acid... more This study was conducted to determine the impact of sodium chloride (2000 ppm) and salicylic acid (SA) concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm) on the nutritional value and germination of radish microgreens. The experiment was based on a completely random design with three replicates. Applying SA caused a noticeable increase in protein content; in particular, at SA concentrations of 100 and 150 ppm, applying SA to radish microgreens grown in tap water and exposed to salt stress greatly enhanced the amount of protein. In addition, applying SA increased total antioxidants, total phenols, and total flavonoids while obviously lowering the content of oxalic acid. The study also discovered patterns that indicate the nutritional value of radish microgreens is generally increased when they are exposed to salt and different quantities of salicylic acid (SA).This empirical study highlights the significant role of salicylic acid (100 ppm) and its effect in increasing the levels of phytochemicals and minerals, hence improving the nutritional value of microgreen radish.
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2024
The objective of this study is to assess the effects of combined applications of recommended trad... more The objective of this study is to assess the effects of combined applications of recommended traditional chemical fertilization NPK 100% without Vinasse and with 100, 75, 50 NPK + Vinasse on Physio-Biochemical, root, shoot traits, yield, and its attributes for four faba bean Giza-429, Giza-843, Misr-2 and Sakha-3 genotypes which are cultivated in the soil is salt affected of eastern Egypt. The experimental design was conducted using a strip-plot design with three replicates in 2020 and 2021. Treatments of different doses of chemical fertilization were 100% NPK without Vinasse and 100%, 75%, and 50% of NPK with Vinasse as supplementary organic fertilizer were arranged in vertical strips, while horizontal strips were devoted to faba bean genotypes (Vicia faba L.) i.e. Giza-429, Giza-843, Misr-2, and Sakha-3. Relative to the other fertilizer combinations, the 75% NPK + Vinasse did not contribute more than 5% more yield to Sakha 3 than it did with the 100% NPK + Vinasse. Both the fertilizer and cultivar main effects had the same positive linear trend, with relatively higher total seed yield in the case of the 75% NPK + Vinasse and of cv. Sakha 3. The harvest index (HI) was different only for fertilizer levels.The 75% NPK + Vinasse differed by a very negligible margin from the 100% NPK + Vinasse, but both differed from the other two levels. Along with seed yield, both straw and biological yields were significant for the interaction effects, as well as for the main effects. Within all fertilizer combinations, cultivars Giza 843 and Saka 3 consistently, as a subgroup, outyielded the other two cultivars, not only for total seed yield but also for all other yield component characters.
The present study was carried out to evaluate some Stevia rebaudiana segregates to facilitate sel... more The present study was carried out to evaluate some Stevia rebaudiana segregates to facilitate selection of superior genotypes for hybridization in breeding programs. Three varieties, namely Sugar-High-A3, Egy.1 and Shou-2 and their F 1 populations were evaluated for their morphological characteristics at Giza Research Station (latitude of 30.02 o N and longitude of 31.22 o E) in 2017 and 2018. Various quantitative morphological traits including plant height, number of branches/plant, number of leaves/plant, leaf fresh and dry weight/plant, leaf moisture%, stems fresh weight and leaf: stem ratio were recorded. Individuals were identified with leaf fresh weight ranging from 40 to 670 g, while the highest leaf dry weight (215 g) was recorded by strain No. 2 of Egy.1 variety. Shou-2 variety had the highest leaf dry weight (60 g/plant). Stevia Egy.1 variety produced the highest percentage of superior strains (65 %), compared to the other varieties. Correlation indicated that, leaf dray weight was positively and highly significantly correlated with leaf fresh weight and leaf number/plant, recording 0.97 and 0.81, respectively.
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2023
Late or early sowing subjecting crop plants to stress conditions, this is simulating the climatic... more Late or early sowing subjecting crop plants to stress conditions, this is simulating the climatic change effects. The global warming and climate change are critical issues in agriculture since progressive rise in temperature leads to exposure the crops to heat stress, hence low productivity. Since weather conditions are uncontrollable, it is impossible to modulate their negative impacts against crop growth and development. However, scientists should not be handcuffed about this serious problem. So, in open field conditions, the performance of some soybean genotypes was evaluated under different sowing dates. Along the two seasons of 2019 and 2020, field experiments were designed in a split-plot design using three replicates to evaluate the performance of four soybean genotypes (Giza-21, Giza-35, Giza-111, and Crawford) under four sowing dates (15th April, 30th April, 15th May, and 30th May). Various physiological and growth traits, yield attributes, seed nutrient contents, and oil and protein contents were estimated. Sowing Crawford (in both seasons) and Giza-35 (in the first season) on 15th April as well as Giza-111 either on 30th April or 15th May produced the highest catalase activity. In plots sown on 30th April, Crawford and Giza-21 (in the first season) and Giza-111 (in both seasons) exhibited the highest leaves area plant −1. Plots sown by Giza-111 on 30th April was the potent interaction for enhancing seed yield in both seasons. Under any sowing date in the second season and the sowing date of 30th April in the first season, Giza-111 was the effective genotype for recording the maximum seed oil content. For adopting a specific stress condition scenario, it is advisable to insert Giza-111 as an effective gene pool to improve soybean genotypes under unfavorable conditions, expressed in sowing dates.
Plants, 2023
ThAbstract: Calcium is one of the most limiting factors for the growth and reproduction of peanut... more ThAbstract: Calcium is one of the most limiting factors for the growth and reproduction of peanut,
which ultimately affects pod and seed yields. A two-year field experiment was carried out to assess
the impact of five calcium applications, including nano-calcium and conventional forms, on growth,
leaf nutrient content, yield traits, and quality parameters of three diverse peanut cultivars (Ismailia-1,
Giza-5, and Giza-6). The applied calcium applications were calcium sulfate, which is recommended
for commercial peanut cultivation and commonly referred to as gypsum (coded as Ca-1), calcium
nitrate (Ca-2), nano-calcium nitrate (Ca-3), 50% calcium nitrate + 50% nano-calcium (Ca-4), and
50% calcium sulfate + 50% nano-calcium (Ca-5). Calcium sulfate (gypsum, Ca-1) was soil-supplied
during the seedbed preparation as recommended, while the other calcium applications (Ca-2, Ca-3,
Ca-4, and Ca-5) were exogenously sprayed three times at 30, 45, and 60 days after sowing. The
soil of the experimental site was alkaline, with a high pH of 8.6. The results revealed significant
differences among cultivars, calcium applications, and their interactions. The soil-supplied gypsum
Ca-1 displayed lower agronomic performance on all recorded growth, leaf nutrient content, yield
traits, and quality parameters. On the other hand, the foliar-supplied calcium, particularly Ca-4
and Ca-5, displayed superior effects compared to the other simple calcium forms. Ca-4 and Ca-5
produced significantly higher seed yield (3.58 and 3.38 t/ha) than the simple recommended form
(Ca-1, 2.34 t/ha). This could be due to the difficulty of calcium uptake from soil-supplied calcium
under high soil pH compared to the exogenously sprayed nano-calcium form. Moreover, the superior
performance of Ca-4 and Ca-5 could be caused by the mixture of fertilizers from the synergistic effect
of calcium and nitrate or sulfate. Furthermore, the effect of nitrate was applied in nano form in
the Ca4 and Ca-5 treatments, which contributed to improving nutrient uptake efficiency and plant
growth compared to the other treatments. The peanut cultivar Giza-6 showed superiority for most
measured traits over the other two cultivars. The interaction effect between the assessed cultivars
and calcium applications was significant for various traits. The cultivar Giza-6 showed a significant
advantage for most measured traits with the mixture of 50% calcium nitrate + 50% nano-calcium
(Ca-4). Conclusively, the results pointed out the advantage of the exogenously sprayed nano-calcium
form combined with calcium nitrate or calcium sulfate for promoting growth, leaf nutrient content,
Plants 2023, 12, 2598. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142598 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/pis article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015
Seventeen genotypes (G) of bread wheat (14 promising lines and 3 commercial cultivars) were evalu... more Seventeen genotypes (G) of bread wheat (14 promising lines and 3 commercial cultivars) were evaluated for mean performance and stability of grain yield/plant, grain protein content and dry gluten percentage under 16 environments (two locations (L), two sowing dates(D) and four fertilization treatments (F)). The results confirmed the existence of considerable genetic variation among genotypes and their performance was significantly affected by different environments for the studied traits. Kalubia locations recorded the highest mean values for grain yield/plant while; Fayoum location recorded the highest mean values for the two quality traits. Yield and quality traits were significantly increased on early (recommended) sowing dates at Kalubia and Fayoum locations than on late sowing dates. Applying biofertilizer only gave the lowest mean performance in all traits, but adding mineral N besides biofertilizer markedly increased grain yield/plant and the two quality traits. However, insignificant differences existed between the rate of nitrogen recommended (80kg N/fed.) and the rate of (biofertilizer + 60kgN/fed.), indicating that biofertilizer could be efficient in reducing costs of the expensive mineral N and reducing environmental pollution. On an average highest values of grain yield/plant were recorded by the promising wheat lines no. 10 (24.57 g), no. 9 (22.50 g), and no. 11 (21.64 g) as compared to the best check cultivar Giza 168. Meantime, this cultivar surpassed the other genotypes in protein and dry gluten percentages. Concerning phenotypic stability, the three superior lines no. 10, 9 and 11 gave the highest mean values (x¯) of grain/plant coupled with significant regression coefficient (bi) values higher than unity and significant deviation from regression (S 2 di), thus they considered specifically adapted to favourable environments.
Agronomy, 2023
Under sandy soil conditions, increasing the efficiency of potassium (K) fertilizers is considered... more Under sandy soil conditions, increasing the efficiency of potassium (K) fertilizers is considered to be a major limiting factor for improving the productivity and quality of fruit crops. In this
context, utilizing nanotechnology has emerged as a novel technique to increase the efficiency of K
applications. In our study, two field trials were conducted, in two consecutive seasons (2019/2020 and
2020/2021), to compare the effects of nano-chitosan loaded with K as a foliar treatment with those of
conventional soil applications of K on plant growth, yield, and quality of strawberry plants grown in
sandy soil. Strawberry plants were treated with 12 different treatments, which were replicated three
times in a randomized complete block design in each growing season. Potassium sulfate (K2SO4,
48% K2O) was applied to the soil at a rate of 150.0 kg acre−1 (recommended rate, 100%). Meanwhile,
the spraying of nano-chitosan loaded with K was applied at 1000 mg L−1 as a control. In addition,
K2SO4 was applied either individually or in combination at the rate of 112.5 or 75.0 kg acre−1 with
four nano-chitosan-K dosages (250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg L−1). After harvesting, soil samples were
collected and prepared to determine K fractions. As well, plant samples were collected to determine
the vegetative growth parameters and the foliage content of NPK and chlorophyll. Eventually, the
yield traits and quality parameters were evaluated. A principal component analysis was conducted
to determine the interrelationships of the treatments’ averages and their effects on yield components
and quality traits. A combined analysis was performed for the two studied seasons and the values
were the mean of six replications. The results indicated that the application of common K fertilizer
(150.0 kg K2SO4 acre−1) resulted in the maximum increase in soluble and exchangeable K in the soil,
which was comparable to those observed with 112.5 kg K2SO4 acre−1 + 1000 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K
and 112.5 K2SO4 acre−1 + 750 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K. The total yield, marketable yield, and fruit
firmness were all significantly increased by the latter two treatments compared to the control group.
Furthermore, plots treated with 112.5 kg K2SO4 acre−1 + 1000 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K significantly
increased the total soluble solids, vitamin C levels, acidity, total sugar, and anthocyanin levels in
strawberry fruits. In conclusion, under sandy soil conditions, the utilization of nanoparticles could
be an indispensable tool for manipulating fertilization management when cultivating strawberries.
The K status of the soil was improved by applying 75% of the recommended dose of mineral K in
combination with 1000 or 750 mg L−1 of nano-chitosan-K, without compromising strawberry yield
or quality.
Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 2022
Since the application of deficit water became a dominant tactic in crop irrigation, developing an... more Since the application of deficit water became a dominant tactic in crop irrigation, developing and surveying newly adapted genotypes should be adopted. In this study, we determined the physio-biochemical activities of 21 maize genotypes under 100 % and 70 % crop evapotranspiration irrigation conditions (normal and deficit irrigation, respectively) in sandy soil to determine which activities can identify drought-tolerant, high-yield genotypes. The experimental design was arranged in randomized complete blocks with three replicates. Results showed that the drought-tolerant parents and hybrids had the highest relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), chlorophyll a and b (Chl. a, b), total chlorophyll (total Chl.), chlorophyll a/b ratio (Chl. a/b), chlorophyll stability index (CSI), proline, phenolic content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) levels. They also had the lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The physio-biochemical traits were positively correlated with more tolerant inbred lines and hybrids that displayed a high yield under both irrigation treatments. Furthermore, maize parents that performed well under the 100 % and 70 % evapotranspiration levels were capable of producing high-performance hybrids under both conditions. Accordingly, the hybrids P1 x P6, P2 x P5, and P4 x P6 gave a high performance in sandy soil under both conditions, based on yield attributes estimation. It could be concluded that physio-biochemical traits can be used as effective selection criteria at the silking stage of maize plants to identify high-yield inbred lines and hybrids under stress and normal conditions. These findings will undoubtedly aid maize breeders in rapidly improving and developing new droughttolerant varieties.
PLANT ARCHIVES, 2021
In Egyptian sugarcane breeding program, a pot experiment was carried out during 2019 season at Ag... more In Egyptian sugarcane breeding program, a pot experiment was carried out during 2019 season at Agricultural Research Station, Giza Governorate (latitude 26o 33? N and longitude 31o 12? E), Egypt, to evaluate twenty sugarcane clones, compared with the cultivated variety GT.54-9, under three irrigation water levels IWL (100, 80 and 60% of IWL). The traits FW of the shoot and root, root: shoot ratio, LAI, LAR, Chla, Chlb, Chla: Chlb ratio, carotenoids and proline were assessed. From this study clones 17 had height shoot fresh weight under water stress condition, as same as, clones 1, 18 and 19 had great behavior under water stress. In addition to most of sugarcane tested clones were not affected by increase the degree of water stress from 100 to 80% of IWL. The LAI, Chl.a and Chl.b traits showed the high correlation with shoot fresh weight, whereas, proline had strong relationships with root fresh weight under sugarcane drought stress.
Scientific Reports
Canola is one of the important oil crops and is considered the most promising oil source and adap... more Canola is one of the important oil crops and is considered the most promising oil source and adapts to reclaimed soil conditions. The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of yeast extract (YE) integrated with nitrogen (N) rates and treatments were arranged as follows: Control (without F0), 95 kg N ha−1 (F1), 120 kg N ha−1 (F2), 142 kg N ha−1 (F3), 95 kg N ha−1 + YE (F4), 120 kg N ha−1 + YE (F5) and 142 kg N ha−1 + YE (F6) on physico-chemical properties, yield and its components for three Canola genotypes i.e. AD201 (G1), Topaz and SemuDNK 234/84 under the sandy soil. In this work, Results reveal that increasing rates of Nitrogen fertilization from 95 kg N ha−1 to 142 kg N ha−1 have a great effect on physicochemical properties yield and its components. The result proved that 142 kg N ha−1 with yeast treatment was the best treatment for three Canola genotypes. Also, the result showed that seed yield was positively correlated with Chl. a/b ratio, plant height, number of branch...
Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 2022
Since the application of deficit water became a dominant tactic in crop irrigation, developing an... more Since the application of deficit water became a dominant tactic in crop irrigation, developing and surveying newly adapted genotypes should be adopted. In this study, we determined the physio-biochemical activities of 21 maize genotypes under 100 % and 70 % crop evapotranspiration irrigation conditions (normal and deficit irrigation, respectively) in sandy soil to determine which activities can identify drought-tolerant, high-yield genotypes. The experimental design was arranged in randomized complete blocks with three replicates. Results showed that the drought-tolerant parents and hybrids had the highest relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), chlorophyll a and b (Chl. a, b), total chlorophyll (total Chl.), chlorophyll a/b ratio (Chl. a/b), chlorophyll stability index (CSI), proline, phenolic content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) levels. They also had the lowest malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The physio-biochemical traits were positively correlated with more tolerant inbred lines and hybrids that displayed a high yield under both irrigation treatments. Furthermore, maize parents that performed well under the 100 % and 70 % evapotranspiration levels were capable of producing high-performance hybrids under both conditions. Accordingly, the hybrids P1 x P6, P2 x P5, and P4 x P6 gave a high performance in sandy soil under both conditions, based on yield attributes estimation. It could be concluded that physio-biochemical traits can be used as effective selection criteria at the silking stage of maize plants to identify high-yield inbred lines and hybrids under stress and normal conditions. These findings will undoubtedly aid maize breeders in rapidly improving and developing new droughttolerant varieties.
Scientific Reports, 2022
Canola is one of the important oil crops and is considered the most promising oil source and adap... more Canola is one of the important oil crops and is considered the most promising oil source and adapts to reclaimed soil conditions. The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of yeast extract (YE) integrated with nitrogen (N) rates and treatments were arranged as follows: Control (without F0), 95 kg N ha −1 (F1), 120 kg N ha −1 (F2), 142 kg N ha −1 (F3), 95 kg N ha −1 + YE (F4), 120 kg N ha −1 + YE (F5) and 142 kg N ha −1 + YE (F6) on physico-chemical properties, yield and its components for three Canola genotypes i.e. AD201 (G1), Topaz and SemuDNK 234/84 under the sandy soil. In this work, Results reveal that increasing rates of Nitrogen fertilization from 95 kg N ha −1 to 142 kg N ha −1 have a great effect on physicochemical properties yield and its components. The result proved that 142 kg N ha −1 with yeast treatment was the best treatment for three Canola genotypes. Also, the result showed that seed yield was positively correlated with Chl. a/b ratio, plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, and number of seeds/pod, and a strong negative correlation was detected between seed oil percentage when the amount of nitrogen fertilization applied without or with yeast extract is increased.
Gesunde Pflanzen, Sep 9, 2022
Under arid and semi-arid climates, adopting the appropriate tools for alleviating water deficit i... more Under arid and semi-arid climates, adopting the appropriate tools for alleviating water deficit impacts is a critical factor that affects the physiological characteristics and yield of sunflower. Therefore, in order to find promising field practices in sunflower cultivation, the strip plots design in randomized complete block arrangement was used to examine the effects of two irrigation regimes as 100% (FI) and 85% (DI) of crop evapotranspiration and five antioxidant treatments on physiological and agronomic traits, yield response factor, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of sunflower. The antioxidant treatments involved two rates of ascorbic acid (150 and 300 mg L-1) and two rates of citric acid (250 and 500 mg L-1), in addition to the check treatment (tap water). The study was conducted for two growing seasons of 2019 and 2020 at the Experimental Farm of Ain Shams University, Egypt, located in a semi-arid environment. Findings showed that exogenous application of higher rate of ascorbic acid, i.e. 300 mg L-1 with FI exhibited the highest increase of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the lowest proline content compared to other interaction treatments. Seed yield was significantly higher with FI plus ascorbic acid 300 mg L-1 and DI plus ascorbic acid 300 mg L-1 treatments than with their counterpart check treatment in both growing seasons. Under DI, IWUE was improved with antioxidant-treated plants compared to untreated plants. Yield response factor as an indicator of crop tolerance to drought was higher than the unit (> 1) under all ascorbic acid and citric acid levels. It could be concluded that ascorbic acid and citric acids partially mitigated the reductions in growth and yield caused by low water supply. However, yield response factor demonstrated that the crop is still sensitive to drought. Thus, other applicable patterns should be adopted to increase the yield potential of sunflower for counteracting the adverse impacts of drought.
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Apr 25, 2022
The present study was conducted to evaluate 50 wheat genotypes for their productivity and stabili... more The present study was conducted to evaluate 50 wheat genotypes for their productivity and stability under eight environmental conditions. Wheat genotypes were sown at two planting dates under two nitrogen fertilization treatments during the winter seasons of 2081/2081 and 2081/2002. The analysis of variance showed that the mean squares of genotypes, sowing dates, and nitrogen fertilization treatments were significant for the number of spikes/plant, the number of kernels/spike, 1000-kernel weight, and grain yield/plant. The results show that sowing at the favorable date using 80 kg N/fed increased all studied traits. This study revealed that line numbers 9 and 10 exhibited general adaptability across different environments; hence, these lines are considered promising and could be exploited in breeding programs for wheat improvement.
Life
The mechanism by which folic acid (FA) or its derivatives (folates) mediates plant tolerance to s... more The mechanism by which folic acid (FA) or its derivatives (folates) mediates plant tolerance to sodic-alkaline stress has not been clarified in previous literature. To apply sodic-alkaline stress, maize seedlings were irrigated with 50 mM of a combined solution (1:1) of sodic-alkaline salts (NaHCO3 and Na2CO3; pH 9.7). Maize seedlings under stressed and non-stressed conditions were sprayed with folic acid (FA) at 0 (distilled water as control), 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mM. Under sodic-alkaline stress, FA applied at 0.2 mM significantly improved shoot fresh weight (95%), chlorophyll (Chl a (41%), Chl b (57%), and total Chl (42%)), and carotenoids (27%) compared to the untreated plants, while root fresh weight was not affected compared to the untreated plants. This improvement was associated with a significant enhancement in the cell-membrane stability index (CMSI), relative water content (RWC), free amino acids (FAA), proline, soluble sugars, K, and Ca. In contrast, Na, Na/K ratio, H2O2, m...
Egypt. J. Plant Breed., 2022
Sugarcane seed sets were planted in the spring of two seasons (2018-2019 and 2019-2020) as plant ... more Sugarcane seed sets were planted in the spring of two seasons (2018-2019 and 2019-2020) as plant cane crop. The experiments were led out in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The results of the statistical analysis of the collected data recorded that, G.99-103 genotype surpassed all studied sugarcane genotypes in millable cane yield, tallest stalks and the largest stalk circumference as well as heaviest stalk weight. Meanwhile, G.2003-47 genotype also surpassed in the total solids%, brix and sucrose%. While, both genotypes had highest insignificant values in juice yield, sugar yield, their bagasse, purity%, sugar recovery% and total phenolic content in juice. With respect to association among traits, positive correlation was found between stalk weight with brix, sucrose, cane yield and juice yield, as well as, cane yield with stalk number per m 2 and between sugar yield/fed with stalk weight, brix and sucrose. The eight studied genotypes clustered to three clusters for yield (millable cane, Juice and sugar yield/fed). Cluster I of low yield mean, that included the two genotypes G.
Gesunde Pflanzen, 2022
Under arid and semi-arid climates, adopting the appropriate tools for alleviating water deficit i... more Under arid and semi-arid climates, adopting the appropriate tools for alleviating water deficit impacts is a critical factor that affects the physiological characteristics and yield of sunflower. Therefore, in order to find promising field practices in sunflower cultivation, the strip plots design in randomized complete block arrangement was used to examine the effects of two irrigation regimes as 100% (FI) and 85% (DI) of crop evapotranspiration and five antioxidant treatments on physiological and agronomic traits, yield response factor, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of sunflower. The antioxidant treatments involved two rates of ascorbic acid (150 and 300 mg L-1) and two rates of citric acid (250 and 500 mg L-1), in addition to the check treatment (tap water). The study was conducted for two growing seasons of 2019 and 2020 at the Experimental Farm of Ain Shams University, Egypt, located in a semi-arid environment. Findings showed that exogenous application of higher rate of ascorbic acid, i.e. 300 mg L-1 with FI exhibited the highest increase of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and the lowest proline content compared to other interaction treatments. Seed yield was significantly higher with FI plus ascorbic acid 300 mg L-1 and DI plus ascorbic acid 300 mg L-1 treatments than with their counterpart check treatment in both growing seasons. Under DI, IWUE was improved with antioxidant-treated plants compared to untreated plants. Yield response factor as an indicator of crop tolerance to drought was higher than the unit (> 1) under all ascorbic acid and citric acid levels. It could be concluded that ascorbic acid and citric acids partially mitigated the reductions in growth and yield caused by low water supply. However, yield response factor demonstrated that the crop is still sensitive to drought. Thus, other applicable patterns should be adopted to increase the yield potential of sunflower for counteracting the adverse impacts of drought.
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Papers by Yasser A . El-Gabry
A half diallel set of crosses were made among seven inbred lines of white maize during 2021 growing
season to estimate combining ability for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant height, ear
height, ear leaf area, chlorophyll content, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, ear length,
ear diameter, 100-kernels weight and grain yield per plant under two sowing dates (14th of May
“recommended date” and 14th of June “late sowing date”) in two separate field experiments. Each
experiment included 21 F1 hybrids and the check variety SC 128 in a randomized complete block design
with three replications during 2022 season. Results indicated that mean squares due to genotypes,
sowing dates and the interactions between them were significant / or highly significant for all the studied
traits. Mean squares due to GCA, SCA and their interactions with sowing dates were highly significant
for all the studied traits. The ratios of GCA/SCA variances were less than the unity for all the studied
traits indicating that the non-additive genetic effects had the main role of the expression of these traits.
The parental inbred lines P3, P4 and P7 seemed to be good general combiners for grain yield and most
studied traits under the two sowing dates. The crosses P1xP4, P2xP6, P3xP5, P3xP7 and P6xP7 were the
best cross-combinations for grain yield and most of the studied traits under two sowing dates.
which ultimately affects pod and seed yields. A two-year field experiment was carried out to assess
the impact of five calcium applications, including nano-calcium and conventional forms, on growth,
leaf nutrient content, yield traits, and quality parameters of three diverse peanut cultivars (Ismailia-1,
Giza-5, and Giza-6). The applied calcium applications were calcium sulfate, which is recommended
for commercial peanut cultivation and commonly referred to as gypsum (coded as Ca-1), calcium
nitrate (Ca-2), nano-calcium nitrate (Ca-3), 50% calcium nitrate + 50% nano-calcium (Ca-4), and
50% calcium sulfate + 50% nano-calcium (Ca-5). Calcium sulfate (gypsum, Ca-1) was soil-supplied
during the seedbed preparation as recommended, while the other calcium applications (Ca-2, Ca-3,
Ca-4, and Ca-5) were exogenously sprayed three times at 30, 45, and 60 days after sowing. The
soil of the experimental site was alkaline, with a high pH of 8.6. The results revealed significant
differences among cultivars, calcium applications, and their interactions. The soil-supplied gypsum
Ca-1 displayed lower agronomic performance on all recorded growth, leaf nutrient content, yield
traits, and quality parameters. On the other hand, the foliar-supplied calcium, particularly Ca-4
and Ca-5, displayed superior effects compared to the other simple calcium forms. Ca-4 and Ca-5
produced significantly higher seed yield (3.58 and 3.38 t/ha) than the simple recommended form
(Ca-1, 2.34 t/ha). This could be due to the difficulty of calcium uptake from soil-supplied calcium
under high soil pH compared to the exogenously sprayed nano-calcium form. Moreover, the superior
performance of Ca-4 and Ca-5 could be caused by the mixture of fertilizers from the synergistic effect
of calcium and nitrate or sulfate. Furthermore, the effect of nitrate was applied in nano form in
the Ca4 and Ca-5 treatments, which contributed to improving nutrient uptake efficiency and plant
growth compared to the other treatments. The peanut cultivar Giza-6 showed superiority for most
measured traits over the other two cultivars. The interaction effect between the assessed cultivars
and calcium applications was significant for various traits. The cultivar Giza-6 showed a significant
advantage for most measured traits with the mixture of 50% calcium nitrate + 50% nano-calcium
(Ca-4). Conclusively, the results pointed out the advantage of the exogenously sprayed nano-calcium
form combined with calcium nitrate or calcium sulfate for promoting growth, leaf nutrient content,
Plants 2023, 12, 2598. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142598 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/pis article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
context, utilizing nanotechnology has emerged as a novel technique to increase the efficiency of K
applications. In our study, two field trials were conducted, in two consecutive seasons (2019/2020 and
2020/2021), to compare the effects of nano-chitosan loaded with K as a foliar treatment with those of
conventional soil applications of K on plant growth, yield, and quality of strawberry plants grown in
sandy soil. Strawberry plants were treated with 12 different treatments, which were replicated three
times in a randomized complete block design in each growing season. Potassium sulfate (K2SO4,
48% K2O) was applied to the soil at a rate of 150.0 kg acre−1 (recommended rate, 100%). Meanwhile,
the spraying of nano-chitosan loaded with K was applied at 1000 mg L−1 as a control. In addition,
K2SO4 was applied either individually or in combination at the rate of 112.5 or 75.0 kg acre−1 with
four nano-chitosan-K dosages (250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg L−1). After harvesting, soil samples were
collected and prepared to determine K fractions. As well, plant samples were collected to determine
the vegetative growth parameters and the foliage content of NPK and chlorophyll. Eventually, the
yield traits and quality parameters were evaluated. A principal component analysis was conducted
to determine the interrelationships of the treatments’ averages and their effects on yield components
and quality traits. A combined analysis was performed for the two studied seasons and the values
were the mean of six replications. The results indicated that the application of common K fertilizer
(150.0 kg K2SO4 acre−1) resulted in the maximum increase in soluble and exchangeable K in the soil,
which was comparable to those observed with 112.5 kg K2SO4 acre−1 + 1000 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K
and 112.5 K2SO4 acre−1 + 750 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K. The total yield, marketable yield, and fruit
firmness were all significantly increased by the latter two treatments compared to the control group.
Furthermore, plots treated with 112.5 kg K2SO4 acre−1 + 1000 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K significantly
increased the total soluble solids, vitamin C levels, acidity, total sugar, and anthocyanin levels in
strawberry fruits. In conclusion, under sandy soil conditions, the utilization of nanoparticles could
be an indispensable tool for manipulating fertilization management when cultivating strawberries.
The K status of the soil was improved by applying 75% of the recommended dose of mineral K in
combination with 1000 or 750 mg L−1 of nano-chitosan-K, without compromising strawberry yield
or quality.
A half diallel set of crosses were made among seven inbred lines of white maize during 2021 growing
season to estimate combining ability for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant height, ear
height, ear leaf area, chlorophyll content, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, ear length,
ear diameter, 100-kernels weight and grain yield per plant under two sowing dates (14th of May
“recommended date” and 14th of June “late sowing date”) in two separate field experiments. Each
experiment included 21 F1 hybrids and the check variety SC 128 in a randomized complete block design
with three replications during 2022 season. Results indicated that mean squares due to genotypes,
sowing dates and the interactions between them were significant / or highly significant for all the studied
traits. Mean squares due to GCA, SCA and their interactions with sowing dates were highly significant
for all the studied traits. The ratios of GCA/SCA variances were less than the unity for all the studied
traits indicating that the non-additive genetic effects had the main role of the expression of these traits.
The parental inbred lines P3, P4 and P7 seemed to be good general combiners for grain yield and most
studied traits under the two sowing dates. The crosses P1xP4, P2xP6, P3xP5, P3xP7 and P6xP7 were the
best cross-combinations for grain yield and most of the studied traits under two sowing dates.
which ultimately affects pod and seed yields. A two-year field experiment was carried out to assess
the impact of five calcium applications, including nano-calcium and conventional forms, on growth,
leaf nutrient content, yield traits, and quality parameters of three diverse peanut cultivars (Ismailia-1,
Giza-5, and Giza-6). The applied calcium applications were calcium sulfate, which is recommended
for commercial peanut cultivation and commonly referred to as gypsum (coded as Ca-1), calcium
nitrate (Ca-2), nano-calcium nitrate (Ca-3), 50% calcium nitrate + 50% nano-calcium (Ca-4), and
50% calcium sulfate + 50% nano-calcium (Ca-5). Calcium sulfate (gypsum, Ca-1) was soil-supplied
during the seedbed preparation as recommended, while the other calcium applications (Ca-2, Ca-3,
Ca-4, and Ca-5) were exogenously sprayed three times at 30, 45, and 60 days after sowing. The
soil of the experimental site was alkaline, with a high pH of 8.6. The results revealed significant
differences among cultivars, calcium applications, and their interactions. The soil-supplied gypsum
Ca-1 displayed lower agronomic performance on all recorded growth, leaf nutrient content, yield
traits, and quality parameters. On the other hand, the foliar-supplied calcium, particularly Ca-4
and Ca-5, displayed superior effects compared to the other simple calcium forms. Ca-4 and Ca-5
produced significantly higher seed yield (3.58 and 3.38 t/ha) than the simple recommended form
(Ca-1, 2.34 t/ha). This could be due to the difficulty of calcium uptake from soil-supplied calcium
under high soil pH compared to the exogenously sprayed nano-calcium form. Moreover, the superior
performance of Ca-4 and Ca-5 could be caused by the mixture of fertilizers from the synergistic effect
of calcium and nitrate or sulfate. Furthermore, the effect of nitrate was applied in nano form in
the Ca4 and Ca-5 treatments, which contributed to improving nutrient uptake efficiency and plant
growth compared to the other treatments. The peanut cultivar Giza-6 showed superiority for most
measured traits over the other two cultivars. The interaction effect between the assessed cultivars
and calcium applications was significant for various traits. The cultivar Giza-6 showed a significant
advantage for most measured traits with the mixture of 50% calcium nitrate + 50% nano-calcium
(Ca-4). Conclusively, the results pointed out the advantage of the exogenously sprayed nano-calcium
form combined with calcium nitrate or calcium sulfate for promoting growth, leaf nutrient content,
Plants 2023, 12, 2598. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142598 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/pis article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
context, utilizing nanotechnology has emerged as a novel technique to increase the efficiency of K
applications. In our study, two field trials were conducted, in two consecutive seasons (2019/2020 and
2020/2021), to compare the effects of nano-chitosan loaded with K as a foliar treatment with those of
conventional soil applications of K on plant growth, yield, and quality of strawberry plants grown in
sandy soil. Strawberry plants were treated with 12 different treatments, which were replicated three
times in a randomized complete block design in each growing season. Potassium sulfate (K2SO4,
48% K2O) was applied to the soil at a rate of 150.0 kg acre−1 (recommended rate, 100%). Meanwhile,
the spraying of nano-chitosan loaded with K was applied at 1000 mg L−1 as a control. In addition,
K2SO4 was applied either individually or in combination at the rate of 112.5 or 75.0 kg acre−1 with
four nano-chitosan-K dosages (250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg L−1). After harvesting, soil samples were
collected and prepared to determine K fractions. As well, plant samples were collected to determine
the vegetative growth parameters and the foliage content of NPK and chlorophyll. Eventually, the
yield traits and quality parameters were evaluated. A principal component analysis was conducted
to determine the interrelationships of the treatments’ averages and their effects on yield components
and quality traits. A combined analysis was performed for the two studied seasons and the values
were the mean of six replications. The results indicated that the application of common K fertilizer
(150.0 kg K2SO4 acre−1) resulted in the maximum increase in soluble and exchangeable K in the soil,
which was comparable to those observed with 112.5 kg K2SO4 acre−1 + 1000 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K
and 112.5 K2SO4 acre−1 + 750 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K. The total yield, marketable yield, and fruit
firmness were all significantly increased by the latter two treatments compared to the control group.
Furthermore, plots treated with 112.5 kg K2SO4 acre−1 + 1000 mg L−1 nano-chitosan-K significantly
increased the total soluble solids, vitamin C levels, acidity, total sugar, and anthocyanin levels in
strawberry fruits. In conclusion, under sandy soil conditions, the utilization of nanoparticles could
be an indispensable tool for manipulating fertilization management when cultivating strawberries.
The K status of the soil was improved by applying 75% of the recommended dose of mineral K in
combination with 1000 or 750 mg L−1 of nano-chitosan-K, without compromising strawberry yield
or quality.