Papers by Jacqueline S Yoxall
ABSTRACT Background: Over 13500 humanitarian visas are granted in Australia each year. Refugees c... more ABSTRACT Background: Over 13500 humanitarian visas are granted in Australia each year. Refugees consistently have poorer settlement outcomes than people who have voluntarily immigrated to Australia. Participation in occupations and life roles are disrupted during displacement and the process of settlement in a host country, and can further exacerbate existing physical and mental health issues. Objectives: This review aims to identify the risk and protective factors associated with occupational outcomes for first generation refugee men, women and children who have resettled in Australia Method: We undertook a literature review of individual, family, community, and societal risk and protective factors for first generation refugees who have settled in Australia. Results: Occupational outcomes such as employment, education and social inclusion are adversely impacted by mental health issues, exposure to violence, loss or separation of family members and detention. Social support, stable settlement environments (including schools, workplaces and health services), engagement in settlement and English language supports were associated with positive occupational outcomes and resilience among refugees in Australia. Conclusions: There are many factors that influence occupational outcomes for refugee settlement in Australia. This review highlights the need for more research to better understand the relationship between the mechanisms that impact settlement outcomes. The needs of health workers, schools and employment services also needs to be addressed in order for these services to challenge negative stereotypes, promote diversity, enhance cultural relevance, build capacity and better meet the settlement needs of refugees in Australia.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2014
Introduction: Early diagnosis in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial to maximise early interventi... more Introduction: Early diagnosis in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial to maximise early intervention efforts aimed at stabilising the degenerative process. Given neurodegeneration begins well before the manifestation of behavioural symptoms, we need more sensitive diagnostic tools to aid in early detection. Eye-movement tasks may provide such a tool as they offer a precise and non-invasive measure of cognitive functioning. Therefore the current research sought to determine if eye-movement tasks could provide an early diagnostic tool for AD.Methods: We administered an antisaccade and occulomotor capture eye-movement tasks along with a standardised neuropsychological assessment (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status; RBANS) for adults over 48yrs (M=62.48, SD=9.20) with (n=63) and without (n=6) a diagnosis of AD. Results: Participants with AD made significantly more errors on the antisaccade (t(64)=-4.99,pConclusion: Given that those with poorer performance on tests of cognitive functioning made more errors, and the higher rates of errors demonstrated by those with AD, eye-movement tasks may provide an early diagnostic tool for AD. Augmenting eye-movement tasks with standard optometrist assessments may provide a valuable means of early diagnosis
International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, Sep 1, 2019
Teamwork in healthcare provides better outcomes for patients and contributes to job satisfaction ... more Teamwork in healthcare provides better outcomes for patients and contributes to job satisfaction and autonomy. Graduate capabilities of teaching institutions require educators to assess teamwork skills. The TeamUP Short-Form (TeamUP-SF) was developed as a self-and peer-assessment tool of teamwork skills following feedback from the previous version. This pilot study evaluated the utility of the TeamUP-SF in developing and assessing teamwork skills in a cohort of senior osteopathy students undertaking group assignments. Methods: Forty-nine students received the TeamUP-SF after a minimum of 12 weeks of group work. Students rated their own teamwork skills, and those of other members of their group using the TeamUP-SF. Focus groups were conducted to explore students' attitudes and impressions about teamwork and its assessment. Analysis of focus group transcripts followed a constructivist paradigm utilising thematic analysis. Results: Seventeen students participated in a 1-h focus group about the usability of the TeamUP-SF for assessing and developing teamwork skills. Themes to emerge were perceptions of teamwork, purpose of the TeamUP-SF, usability of the TeamUP-SF, and the emotional impact of evaluating teamwork skills. Conclusion: The TeamUP-SF may be valuable in developing and assessing teamwork skills. Students recommended using the TeamUP-SF in two ways: assess and monitor their own teamwork skills; and, optimise team function in their own learning environments by focusing on team efficiency and effectiveness. Students also identified limitations of the TeamUP-SF including its use as a summative assessment. These recommendations may reduce the emotional impact on students assessing individuals within a team.
The conversation, Jul 1, 2019
Journal of Religion & Health, Jan 11, 2023
This paper begins with an overview of the governing principles of psychology as a discipline, and... more This paper begins with an overview of the governing principles of psychology as a discipline, and outlines the key paradigm shifts that potentially aligned with concepts of spirituality from the early twentieth century to contemporary theory. The discussion then moves to consider how research methods in psychology can contribute to understanding how spirituality is measured and described. We consider the contribution of validated surveys, and how qualitative methods can access the lived experience of spiritual phenomena. More specifically, the psychological constructs of "Flow" and properties associated with psychological capital are posited in relation to characteristics that define a spiritual experience. Finally, we draw attention to how exploration how spirituality of individuals may be addressed, and the scope for including spiritual appreciation in competencies required in psychological practice.
In the civil forensic arena, and particularly in workers’ compensation matters, some individuals ... more In the civil forensic arena, and particularly in workers’ compensation matters, some individuals may be more motivated to feign depression rather than the less common, and more overt symptoms of schizophrenia or similar disorders. Psychologist who are routinely involved in pre-liability assessments frequently administer multi-scale measure of psychopathology which include validity scales. In Australia, the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI: Morey, 1991) is one of the most popular of such measures (Yoxall, Bahr & Barling, 2010). Whilst there is now a substantial literature on the validity of the three negative distortion validity indices of the PAI (the Negative Impression Management Scale, The Malingering Scale, and Rogers Discriminant Function); and the impact of various types of coaching on such scales, most previous studies have focused on the detection of feigning of major mental illness such as schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Less is known about the validity of such scales in detecting feigning of more subtle disorders such as depression. The current paper reports on a study that compared the impact of two common coaching strategies (symptom focused vs detection strategy focused) on the detection of feigned depression on the PAI. Sixty one university students were randomly allocated to one of three experimental groups; Symptom Coached, Validity Scale Coached, or Honest/Control. Coached participants were instructed to feign Depression, and were given a financial incentive to believably do so. Using a between groups simulation design, PAI group differences were assessed. Results revealed that both feigning groups were successful in feigning depression. Analysis of PAI malingering indices (Negative Impression Management (NIM), Malingering Index (MAL), and Roger’s Discriminant Function (RDF)), revealed that validity scale coached participants were less detectable than symptom coached feigners. On average, symptom coached feigners elevated on the NIM, MAL and RDF, however, validity scale coached feigners elevated only on RDF. RDF had the highest classification accuracy, showing high sensitivity
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Current observational and interventional studies in nutritional psychiatry suggest that healthy d... more Current observational and interventional studies in nutritional psychiatry suggest that healthy dietary patterns rich in fresh whole foods could protect against depressive symptoms, and that unhealthy dietary patterns high in ultra-processed and refined foods could contribute to depressive symptoms. However, no studies have explored detailed subjective accounts behind the food and mood relationship. This study aimed to uncover unknown factors in the human experience with food and mood. Using a phenomenological framework, this focus group study applied thematic template analysis to accounts of over 50 Australians aged between 18 and 72. Three themes were identified from the transcript of the focus groups: (i) reactive and proactive relationships with food, (ii) acknowledgement of individual diversity relating to eating and mental health, and (iii) improving mood by removing food restriction and eating intuitively. The data highlights the complexity of the relationship between food an...
Australian Health Review
Objective The aims of this study were to explore and compare the perceptions of research capacity... more Objective The aims of this study were to explore and compare the perceptions of research capacity and culture (RCC) in metropolitan and non-metropolitan New South Wales (NSW) Local Health Districts (LHDs). Methods The Research Capacity and Culture Tool was delivered online to clinicians and health managers. A 10-point Likert scale of success or skill at organisational, team and individual level of research capacity was used. An independent t-test assessed differences in domain means between non-metropolitan and metropolitan LHDs. Results A total of 1243 participants responded. Responses to the survey indicated the perception of individual’s research skills were greater than the perception of RCC at both the team and organisational levels. Participants from metropolitan locations had significantly higher mean scores across all three domains compared with non-metropolitan locations (P < 0.001). Conclusion Results indicated the perception of individual’s research skills were greater...
British Journal of Health Psychology
BackgroundIn Australia, women report higher rates of depressive symptoms than men. Research sugge... more BackgroundIn Australia, women report higher rates of depressive symptoms than men. Research suggests that dietary patterns rich in fresh fruit and vegetables could protect against depressive symptoms. The Australian Dietary Guidelines suggest that consuming two servings of fruit and five serves of vegetables per day is optimal for overall health. However, this consumption level is often difficult for those experiencing depressive symptoms to achieve.AimsThis study aims to compare diet quality and depressive symptoms in Australian women over time using (I) two serves of fruit and five serves of vegetables per day (FV7), and (ii) two serves of fruit and three serves of vegetables per day (FV5).Materials and MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health over 12 years at three time points 2006 (n = 9145, Mean age = 30.6, SD = 1.5), 2015 (n = 7186, Mean age = 39.7, SD = 1.5), and 2018 (n = 7121, Mean age = 42.4, SD = 1.5...
Journal of Religion and Health
This paper begins with an overview of the governing principles of psychology as a discipline, and... more This paper begins with an overview of the governing principles of psychology as a discipline, and outlines the key paradigm shifts that potentially aligned with concepts of spirituality from the early twentieth century to contemporary theory. The discussion then moves to consider how research methods in psychology can contribute to understanding how spirituality is measured and described. We consider the contribution of validated surveys, and how qualitative methods can access the lived experience of spiritual phenomena. More specifically, the psychological constructs of "Flow" and properties associated with psychological capital are posited in relation to characteristics that define a spiritual experience. Finally, we draw attention to how exploration how spirituality of individuals may be addressed, and the scope for including spiritual appreciation in competencies required in psychological practice.
Uploads
Papers by Jacqueline S Yoxall