Al-Sukhnah
al-Sukhnah السخنة | |
|---|---|
Toun | |
  al-Sukhnah Location in Sirie | |
| Coordinates: 34°53′12.5″N 38°52′19.5″E / 34.886806°N 38.872083°E | |
| Kintra |  Sirie |
| Govrenorate | Homs Governorate |
| Destrict | Tadmur Destrict |
| Nahiyah | Al-Sukhnah |
| Elevation | 460 m (1512 ft) |
| Population (2004) | |
| • Total | 16,173 |
Al-Sukhnah (Arabic: السخنة, translation: "the Hot [Springs]") is a toun in eastren Sirie unner the admeenistration o the Homs Govrenorate, locatit atween Tadmur an ar-Raqqah. Al-Sukhnah haed a population o 16,173 in 2004.[1] Its indwallers are predominantly Sunni Muslims.[2] Al-Sukhnah haes attractit hunders o residents frae nearbi villages in the past century.[3] an is currently a processin centre for natural gas.
History
[eedit | eedit soorce]In 634, follaein the captur o Arak bi the Rashidun Airmy o Khalid ibn Walid, al-Sukhnah peacefully receivit the Muslim force upon hearin the generous surrender terms negotiatit for Arak.[4]
In 1225, al-Sukhnah wis describit bi Arab geografer Yaqut al-Hamawi as "a sma toun in the Sirie Desert, lyin atween Tadmur an 'Urd and Arak. Beside its spring are palm trees. It is on the road o ane goin tae Damascus frae ar-Raqqah, an you come tae it afore reachin Arak." In the mid-14t century, Ibn Batuta wrote that al-Sukhnah wis "a pretty toun", wi a maistly Christian population. He notit that the al-Sukhnah receivit its name frae the heat o its watter, an that thare wur bathhooses in the toun.[5]
Throuoot the 17t an 18t centuries, al-Sukhnah servit as an important tred centre in the Sirie Desert amang the indwallers o nearbi veelages an various Bedouin tribes. Bi the mid-19t-century, housomeivver, its role decreased wi the rise o Deir ez-Zor. In the 20t-century till the present day, Sukhnah continues tae function as a tradin centre atween its residents an the tribes in its vicinity, sic as the 'Umur an the Sba'a.[3]
Economy
[eedit | eedit soorce]The residents o Sukhnah wur linkit tae the different tribes in the region throu various hierarchical economic tees. Thay peyed the levy on the thair grain hairst tae the Sba'a, who in return protectit thair tred. Thay consigned thair sheep flocks tae the 'Umur an the Hadidiyin an aw. Tae aw thir tribes, al-Sukhnah's residents suppleed grain, cloth, clothin, an various hoosehauld items an fuidstuffs, while purchasin frae thaim pastoral products for resale tae Sirie's lairge ceeties.[3] The day, al-Sukhnah haes acome a minor industrial centre for natural gas.[6]
References
[eedit | eedit soorce]- ↑ General Census of Population and Housing 2004 Archived 2012-12-20 at Archive.today. Sirie Central Bureau o Statistics (CBS). Homs Govrenorate. (in Arabic)
- ↑ Smith, 1841, p. 174.
- ↑ a b c Mundy and Musallam, 2000, pp.126-129.
- ↑ Akram, 1970, pp. 321-322.
- ↑ le Strange, 1890, p.539.
- ↑ Gibb, 1996, p. 231.
Bibliografie
[eedit | eedit soorce]- Akram, A. I. (1970). The Sword of Allah, Khalid Bin al-Waleed: His Life and Campaigns. National Publishing House. Archived frae the original on 17 Februar 2003. Retrieved 5 Februar 2013.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
- Gibb, H. A. R. (2003). The Encyclopedia of Islam. BRILL. p. 157. ISBN 9004106332.
- Mundy, Martha; Musallam, Basim (2000), Transformation of Nomadic Society in the Arab East, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521770576.
- Smith, Eli; Robinson, Edward (1841), Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838, 3, Crocker and Brewster
- le Strange, Guy (1890), Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500, Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.