Papers by Mir Imam Ibne Wahed
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered several stress factors throughout the entire world... more Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered several stress factors throughout the entire world. Some stress factors, such as mental, economical, educational etc., have created consequences like hair fall, as seen in individuals in many countries, including Bangladesh. The present study was designed to investigate the covid-19-induced stress factors and their relation with hair loss in the people of Bangladesh. Methods: An online-based survey study was carried out using a self-made questionnaire, and quantitative data were analyzed by a cross-sectional analysis over the period of two months from November 25, 2020, to January 24, 2021. Participants who were willing to participate into this survey were considered as study individuals. This survey was conducted among participants with age’s ≥18 y. The participants were selected by snowball sampling technique, and the final collected sample size was 808. Results: Among 808 participants, males and females were 50.3% (406) and 49.7% (40...
Background: Inspite of introduction of oral hypoglycemic agents, diabetes and its related complic... more Background: Inspite of introduction of oral hypoglycemic agents, diabetes and its related complications remains to be a major clinical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of Grewia asiatica (Linn) stem bark in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single dose of intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (110 mg/kg) in Norwegian Long Evans rats. Ethanol extract of barks from Grewia asiatica (GAE 200 and 400 mg/kg) and metformin (150 mg/kg) were orally administered once daily for 15 days. Blood glucose levels and body weights of rats were measured on 0, 5, 10 and 15 days of oral treatment. At the end of the experiment the rats were sacrificed and blood sample were collected for the measurement of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), SGOT and CK-MB. Analysis of liver glycogen content and histopathlogy of pancreas were carried out. In vitro DPPH free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of GAE were also determined.
Background: Inspite of introduction of oral hypoglycemic agents, diabetes and its related complic... more Background: Inspite of introduction of oral hypoglycemic agents, diabetes and its related complications remains to be a major clinical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of Grewia asiatica (Linn) stem bark in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single dose of intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (110 mg/kg) in Norwegian Long Evans rats. Ethanol extract of barks from Grewia asiatica (GAE 200 and 400 mg/kg) and metformin (150 mg/kg) were orally administered once daily for 15 days. Blood glucose levels and body weights of rats were measured on 0, 5, 10 and 15 days of oral treatment. At the end of the experiment the rats were sacrificed and blood sample were collected for the measurement of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins (HDL), SGOT and CK-MB. Analysis of liver glycogen content and histopathlogy of pancreas were carried out. In vitro DPPH free radical scavenging activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of GAE were also determined.
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Irrational drug use increased the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the emergence of drug re... more Irrational drug use increased the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the emergence of drug resistance and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The study was designed to analyse prescription patterns and antibiotic use among outpatients in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective survey was conducted among the outpatients in a district hospital. The prescribed drugs were classified according to Anatomical and Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. Patient characteristics and drug data were recorded. The prescription pattern was analysed using general drug use indicators according to World Health Organisation (WHO). Results: A total of 405 prescriptions were analyzed of which 54% of child and 46% of adult prescriptions. The age and body weight of the patients were not mentioned in 30% of child and 62% of adult prescriptions and none of the prescriptions included sex of the patients. Physician's handwriting was not clear and legible in 31% prescriptions. A total 1362 drugs were used in this study with an average 3.36 drugs per prescription. However, none of the drugs was prescribed in generic name. Children were highly exposed to antibiotics (66%) than to adults (44%) of which cephalosporin's (30%) and macrolides (14%) were commonly used. Interestingly, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were also highly accounted in children (53%) than to adults (36%). Conclusion: Our results suggested that the prescription information was incomplete and physicians did not follow the standard guideline for drug treatment resulting in polypharmacy and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials irrespective to the age of patients.
Oxidative stress has been considered a key causing factor of liver damage induced by a variety of... more Oxidative stress has been considered a key causing factor of liver damage induced by a variety of agents, including alcohol, drugs, viral infections, environmental pollutants and dietary components, which in turn results in progression of liver injury, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, non-alcoholic liver disease, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. During the past 30 years and even after the major progress in the liver disease management, millions of people worldwide still suffer from an acute or chronic liver condition. Curcumin is one of the most commonly used indigenous molecules endowed by various shielding functionalities that protects the liver. The aim of the present study is to comprehensively review pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms, as well as clinical evidence, of curcumin as a lead compound in the prevention and treatment of oxidative associated liver diseases. For this purpose, electronic databases including "Scopus," "PubMed," "Science Direct" and "Cochrane library" were extensively searched with the keywords "curcumin or curcuminoids" and "hepatoprotective or hepatotoxicity or liver" along with "oxidative or oxidant." Results showed that curcumin exerts remarkable protective and therapeutic effects of oxidative associated liver diseases through various cellular and molecular mechanisms. Those mechanisms include suppressing the proinflammatory cytokines, lipid perodixation products, PI3K/Akt and hepatic stellate cells activation, as well as ameliorating cellular responses to oxidative stress such as the expression of Nrf2, SOD, CAT, GSH, GPx and GR. Taking together, curcumin itself acts as a free radical scavenger over the activity of different kinds of ROS via its phenolic, β-diketone and methoxy group. Further clinical studies are still needed in order to recognize the structure-activity relationships and molecular mechanisms of curcumin in oxidative associated liver diseases.
The biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, MDA, and uric acid levels were investigated for th... more The biochemical parameters such as SGOT, SGPT, MDA, and uric acid levels were investigated for the assessment of stress-induced dysfunction after immobilization stress on the Swiss albino mice. Stress induction caused the elevation of SGOT (7.7 ± 0.2 vs 88.8 ± 0.3; control vs stress), SGPT (10.3 ± 0.5 vs 110.5 ± 5.2), MDA (3.9 ± 0.2 vs 9.4 ± 0.2 in the serum and 4.0 ± 0.3 vs 13.9 ± 0.2 in brain; control vs stress) and uric acid (7.0 ± 0.1 vs 17.2 ± 0.3; control vs stress) levels in the serum. Histopathology of the liver, kidney heart and lung were also examined, and morphology indicated the degradation of each of the organ by the stress induction. The bark of Loranthus globosus was extracted with methanol and then fractionated with petroleum ether (PE), chloroform (CF) and ethyl acetate (EA). Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavanoids and phenolics in all fractions. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by in vitro assays using total antioxidant capacity and DPPH-free radical scavenging activity. The results demonstrated that among all the extractives of L. globosus EA fraction exhibited highest total antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. The EA fraction of L. globosus (12 mg/kg b. w.) successfully reduced the increased biochemical parameters (stress vs stress + EAF); SGOT (88.8 ± 0.3 vs 9.9 ± 0.9), SGPT (110.5 ± 5.2 vs 14.6 ± 0.7), MDA (9.5 ± 0.2 vs 5.5 ± 0.1 in the serum; and 13.9 ± 0.2 vs 7.5 ± 0.2 in the brain) and serum uric acid (17.2 ± 0.3 vs 8.9 ± 0.1) on stress-induced mice. Histopathological analysis also supported the beneficial effects of EA fraction of L. globosus. Dexamethasone (2 mg/kg b. w.) was used as standard drug. The results suggested that the EA fraction of L. globosus might have some beneficial effects in preventing stress-induced organ dysfunction presumably through the neutralization of oxidative-stress generated during immobilization of mice. However, further study is necessary in order to precisely determine the exact molecular mechanisms.
Excessive antimicrobial use leads to adverse drug effects, thus increased healthcare costs and pr... more Excessive antimicrobial use leads to adverse drug effects, thus increased healthcare costs and promoting the emergence of antimicrobial resistance worldwide. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prescription pattern of antibiotics in pediatric outpatients at private hospitals in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh. WHO / INRUD prescribing indicators were used for the analysis of prescription pattern. A total of 329 pediatric prescriptions were analyzed of which 54% male and 46% female. Most of the patients (48%) belongs to the age group of 1 year-6 years. Body weight was not mentioned in 17% of prescriptions, diagnosis was confirmed only in 11% patients and also 11% of children did not take or completed immunization. Among the children born 83% were of caesarian and 17% of normal delivery. The results also indicated that 964 drugs were used by the patients with an average 2.93 per prescription. However, none of the drugs was prescribed in generic name. Interestingly, only 37.24% drugs were prescribed from the national essential drug list. Children were mainly suffering from fever and common cold 50% and pneumonia 12%. In this study, the percentage of prescriptions with antibiotics were 83% of which major classes were cephalosporin 45.27%, β-lactam antibiotics 22.97%, macrolides 18.92% and quinolones 9.46%. Analgesics 16%, vitamins 8%, drugs for acid related disorders 2% and mineral supplements 2% were also prescribed. Cost of antibiotic per prescription was 299.38 taka. This study revealed that the prescription pattern was irrational resulting from an indiscriminate use of antimicrobials irrespective to the age of patients.
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of death among people in Bangladesh. The aim of ... more Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of death among people in Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical course and treatment strategies in patients with ACS and to determine to what extent management of ACS in a tertiary care general hospital in Bangladesh adhered to current guidelines. This study was carried out in the coronary care unit (CCU) of a tertiary care general hospital, Rajshahi, for a period of 3-months. A total number of 240 patients presenting with ACS were included in our study and the most common symptoms were acute chest pain (90%) and dyspnea (49%). The study group comprised of 27% female and 73% male patients with varying risk factors including hypertension (45%), hyperlipidemia (43%), family records of coronary artery disease (CAD) (20%), diabetes (17%) and smoking (15%). The most frequent ECG finding in patients was T wave change (71%), pathological Q wave (67%), ST segment elevation (33%), ST depression (9%), whereas, 12% patients with ACS reported to have normal ECG. Patients with ACS had elevated levels of SGOT and CK-MB. Troponin I level was positive in 100% of the patients with a mean peak troponin level of 1.5± 0.15ng/ml. In clinical setting, the patients were immediately managed with isosorbidedinitrate (58%), streptokinase (40%) and intravenous heparin (LMWH) followed by (46%) and (54%) of aspirin and aspirin-clopidogrel combinations respectively. In addition, long-term management with antihypertensive included -blocker (58%), calcium channel blocker (29%), ACE-I (25%) and diuretics (12%). Anti-diabetic (18%) drugs were also prescribed in patients with co-existing diabetes and CAD. Adherence to guidelines is limited by lack of funds and resources in the hospital; however, attention must be paid to improve patient outcome. The average hospital stay ranges 2-3 days and hospital mortality was 10%.
Atorvastatin calcium (ATV) is a selective competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase characterize... more Atorvastatin calcium (ATV) is a selective competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase characterized by poor aqueous solubility leading to inadequate bioavailability. The present study was designed to develop solid dispersion of atorvastatin (SDA) to improve the solubility and dissolution properties of ATV and evaluation of its in-vivo efficiency in streptozotocin (STZ) induced
The use of Nifedipine (NI), a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, is limited due to its poor... more The use of Nifedipine (NI), a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, is limited due to its poor aqueous solubility. However, NI loaded solid-lipid nanoparticles (NI-SLN) are known to exhibit suitable pharmacokinetic properties and good biocompatibility. The present investigation was designed to
Infertility means not being able to become pregnant after a year of unprotected sexual intercours... more Infertility means not being able to become pregnant after a year of unprotected sexual intercourse. The actual rate of infertility in Bangladesh (BD) in still unknown but World Infertility Survey revealed that in South Asian Country stated 4% in Bangladesh and 15% of woman in the age of 45-49 years. In BD, infertility remains a neglected issue due to problem of overpopulation and rural childless women experienced social isolation, strong stigma, feelings of guilt, role failure, loss of self-esteem, abandonment by the family rather than urban childless woman. Poverty, tuberculosis, malnutrition and anemia and reproductive tract infection are the main risk factors of infertility here. Sexual transmitted diseases (STD), late marriage, improper medication and general hygienic condition, random use of oral contraceptives for long time are the causes of human infertility in BD. The treatment of infertility is not available in local hospitals, except Dhaka, due to lack of specialist and treatment unit. Assisted Reproduction Technology (ART) is one of the treatment options in Dhaka Bangladesh, besides In vitro Fertilization (IVF), Embryo Transfer, Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI), Surgical Sperm Retrieval; Blastocyst Transfer etc. are accessible here. In reproductive health research and treatment findings of hormonal imbalance, chromosomal abnormality and genetics is a common thing but this type of research works is not available in BD, may be, due to the lack of high facility research laboratory, politics, socioeconomic condition and not interest on research of our doctors. Even infertility has become a matter of trade and business in the last decade among practitioners.
Fenofibrate (FF) is an anti-hyperlipidaemic drug belonging to BCS class-II (low solubility, high ... more Fenofibrate (FF) is an anti-hyperlipidaemic drug belonging to BCS class-II (low solubility, high permeability). Its bioavailability is limited by the dissolution rate. This study was aimed to enhance the rate of dissolution of poorly water soluble drug, FF. Initially, solid dispersions of fenofibrate (SDFs) were formulated with Carplex-80 or PEG-4000 or in combination at various weight ratios and were subjected to dissolution study. On the basis of drug release at various time intervals, the formulation producing maximum drug concentration was evaluated physicochemically using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that the peak drug concentration was obtained at 120 min of dissolution by formulation SDF-7, which contains a mixture of Carplex-80 and PEG-4000 at weight ratio 1:5:6 of FF:PEG-4000:Carplex-80, respectively. Thus, the extent of drug release by SDF-7 was maximized by 2.5-fold than that of pure FF. Physicochemical characterization revealed the reason for this increased drug release as a conversion of crystalline FF to amorphous form and ensured the chemical compatibility among FF and carriers. The results specified the significant improvement of FF release using solid dispersion technique.
The main objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive study for enhancing the aqueous... more The main objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive study for enhancing the aqueous solubility of poorly water soluble gliclazide using hydrophilic fumed silica particles (Aerosil ® 380) and evaluating the influence of silica on drug release profile and pharmacological activity on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Solid dispersions (SD's) of gliclazide were prepared using solvent evaporation method. The dissolution profiles and solid state characterization of the SD's prepared were all evaluated. The dissolution rate of glicla-* Contributed equally.
Paracetamol induces oxidative damage of liver and hepatotoxicity continues to be among the main t... more Paracetamol induces oxidative damage of liver and hepatotoxicity continues to be among the main threats of public health. The present study evaluated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of P. chaba roots. Hepatoprotective effects were demonstrated by significant alteration of serum biomarker enzymes and antioxidant enzymes. Co-administration of P. chaba extract to paracetamol-induced rats resulted in a partial recovery in the serum biochemical parameters (SGOT, SGPT, ALP and Bilirubin). However, ethanolic extract of Piper chaba at lower dose (200 mg/kg b.w.) was more effective than the higher dose 400 mg/kg b.w. in reducing serum dysfunction biomarker enzymes. The histopathological studies of liver tissues also showed better hepatoprotective activity of Piper chaba roots at the lower dose (200 mg/kg b.w.). Paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats resulted in increase of antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase, super oxide dismutase. The scavenging activity of P. chaba extract was moderate when compared with standard catechin and the IC 50 values of P. chaba and standard catechin were 1.563 ± 0.70 and 3.125 ± 0.676, respectively in DPPH radical scavenging assay. The total antioxidant potential of P. chaba was concentration dependent and revealed promising antioxidant activity as compared to the reference standard catechin. At a concentration of 100 µg/mL the absorbance of P. chaba extract and catechin were 0.430 and 0.746 respectively. The research result indicated that P. chaba extract has protective effects on paracetamol induced oxidative stress and liver damage.
Background: Deregulation of the gut microbiota results in various pathological disorders such as ... more Background: Deregulation of the gut microbiota results in various pathological disorders such as diabetes, inflammation, cancer, dyslipidemia etc. Modulation of intestinal microbiota by probiotics may facilitate the management of a number of clinical conditions of diabetes. Methods: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of feeding low-fat probiotic yogurt containing L. acidophilus and L. bulgaricus on fructose-fed hyperglycemic rats. Yogurt containing L. acidophilus or L. bulgaricus (9.5 × 10 9 cfu/rat/day) alone
The quality of pharmaceutical finished dosage forms is one of the major concerns to pharmaceutica... more The quality of pharmaceutical finished dosage forms is one of the major concerns to pharmaceutical industries. Tablet dosage form of any pharmaceutical company goes through many research studies and experiments to maintain the proper quality standards. This study was conducted to investigate the quality of Naproxen 500 mg tablets which are manufactured in Bangladesh. Different physical parameters like weight variation, thickness, friability as well as and dissolution profile studies were conducted to evaluate the quality of the Naproxen tablets. The tendency of a tablet to chip, crumble or break following compression is called friability. The friability test results were in range of the standard value. The thickness test of all the brands was complied with the standard values except the brand B. The thicknesses of A, B, C, D and E brands are 4.1, 7.1, 6.0 5.32, and 6.1 mm respectively. To ensure quality product a pharmaceutical industry follows the international standards. The average cumulative % of drug release from A, B, C, D and E brands were 98%, 102.85%, 92.24%, 101.11%, and 99.96% respectively.
The study evaluated different quality control parameter of five brands of Cefuroxime 250mg tablet... more The study evaluated different quality control parameter of five brands of Cefuroxime 250mg tablets which are already marketed in Bangladesh. Five brands of the drug sourced from different retail outlets to assess the quality assessment and comparison of the tablets using the in-vitro release study. The brands were subjected to various official tests including uniformity of weight, thickness test, dissolution tests and cumulative % of drug release and friability test. This study further highlights the need of manufacturers to build quality into their products during manufacture and also maintain the built-in quality from batch to batch in accordance with the principles of cGMP.
Psidium guajava Linn. the most popular and widely cultivated fruiting plant all over Bangladesh. ... more Psidium guajava Linn. the most popular and widely cultivated fruiting plant all over Bangladesh. The present study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant, analgesic and antimicrobial activities of n-hexane (HPG), chloroform (CLPG) and ethyl acetate fractions (ET APG) obtained from methanol extract of Psidium guajava (MPG) leaves. The in-vitro antioxidant activity of fractions HPG, CLPG and ET APG were determined using 1, 1diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ascorbic acid was used as standard. The IC 50 value of HPG, CLPG and ET APG were 29.96 µg/ml, 26.84 µg/ml and 24.29 µg/ml respectively whereas the IC 50 value of ascorbic acid was 6.23 µg/ml. Analgesic activity of HPG, CLPG and ET APG extracts (400 mg/kg) were evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing model of pain in mice and demonstrated significant reduction of pain in mice with the effect of 56.10%, 60.51% and 70.12% respectively (p<0.05) and were comparable to that of standard, diclofenac sodium (77.22%). Preliminary phytochemical screening of different fractions showed the presence of bioactive constituents like alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids. Further, HPG, CLPG and ET APG fractions (500 µg/ml) showed antibacterial activity as measured by zone of inhibition on gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella paratyphi, Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae and compared with azithromycin (50 µg/ml) as a reference standard. The different fractions from Psidium guajava possesses antioxidant, analgesic and antimicrobial activities might be used as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of infection and pain; and can protect against oxidative stress-induced tissue damage. INTRODUCTION: Psidium guajava (common name-guava) is well known tropic tree which is abundantly grown for fruit.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating and irreversible cognitive impairment and the most comm... more Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating and irreversible cognitive impairment and the most common type of dementia. Along with progressive cognitive impairment, dysfunction of the circadian rhythms also plays a pivotal role in the progression of AD. A mutual relationship among circadian rhythms, sleep, and AD has been well-recommended. The etiopathogenesis of the disturbances of the circadian system and AD share some general features that also unlock the outlook of observing them as a mutually dependent pathway. Indeed, the burden of amyloid β (Aβ), neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and dysfunction of circadian rhythms may lead to AD. Aging can alter both sleep timings and quality that can be strongly disrupted in AD. Increased production of Aβ and reduced Aβ clearance are caused by a close interplay of Aβ, sleep disturbance and raised wakefulness. Besides Aβ, the impact of tau pathology is possibly noteworthy to the sleep deprivation found in AD. Hence, this review is focused on the primary mechanistic complexities linked to disruption of circadian rhythms, sleep deprivation, and AD. Furthermore, this review also highlights the potential therapeutic strategies to abate AD pathogenesis.
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Papers by Mir Imam Ibne Wahed