Ugarit

Ruine excavate la Ras Shamra

Ugarit (în ugaritică: 𐎜 𐎂 𐎗 𐎚, Ugrt; în arabă: أوغاريت) a fost un oraș port antic pe Mediterana de Est la promontoriul Ras Shamra, lângă Latakia și Minet El-Beida, în nordul Siriei. Situl este la aproximativ 11 kilometri nord de Latakia (latină: Laodicea ad Mare) și la aproximativ 80 km est de Cipru. Ugaritul trimtea tribut în Egipt și menținuea legături comerciale și diplomatice cu Ciprul (numit pe atunci Alashiya), potrivit arhivelor recuperate din sit unde s-a mai găsit ceramică miceniană și cipriotă. Regimul politic al Ugaritului a durat din cca. 1450 î.Hr. până în 1200 î.Hr..

Referințe

• Bourdreuil, P. 1991. "Une bibliothèque au sud de la ville : Les textes de la 34e campagne (1973)". in Ras Shamra-Ougarit, 7 (Paris).
• Drews, Robert. 1995. The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe ca. 1200 BC (Princeton University Press). ISBN 0-691-02591-6
• Meletinskii, E. M., 2000 The Poetics of Myth
• Smith, Mark S., 2001. Untold Stories ; The Bible and Ugaritic Studies in the Twentieth Century ISBN 1-56563-575-2 Chapter 1: "Beginnings: 1928–1945"
• Ugarit Forschungen (Neukirchen-Vluyn). UF-11 (1979) honors Claude Schaeffer, with about 100 articles in 900 pages. pp 95, ff, "Comparative Graphemic Analysis of Old Babylonian and Western Akkadian", ( i.e. Ugarit and Amarna (letters), three others, Mari, OB,Royal, OB,non-Royal letters). See above, in text.
• K. Lawson and K. L. Younger Jr, "Ugarit at Seventy-Five," Eisenbrauns, 2007, ISBN 1-57506-143-0
• Dennis Pardee, Ritual and Cult at Ugarit (Writings from the Ancient World), Society of Biblical Literature, 2002, ISBN 1-58983-026-1
• William M. Schniedewind, Joel H. Hunt, 2007. A primer on Ugaritic: language, culture, and literature ISBN 0-521-87933-7 p. 14.
• Caquot, André & Sznycer, Maurice. Ugaritic Religion. Iconography of Religions, Section XV: Mesopotamia and the Near East; Fascicle 8; Institute of Religious Iconography, State University Groningen; Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1980.
• de Moor, Johannes C. The Seasonal Pattern in the Ugaritic Myth of Ba'lu, According to the Version of Ilimilku. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, Band 16. Neukirchen – Vluyn: Verlag Butzon & Berker Kevelaer, Neukirchener Verlag des Erziehungsvereins, 1971
• Gibson, J.C.L., originally edited by G.R. Driver. Canaanite Myths and Legends. Edinburgh: T. and T. Clark, Ltd., 1956, 1977.
• L'Heureux, Conrad E. Rank Among the Canaanite Gods: El, Ba'al, and the Repha'im. Harvard Semitic Museum, Harvard Semitic Monographs No. 21, Missoula MT: Scholars Press, 1979.
• Mullen, E. Theodore, Jr. The Assembly of the Gods: The Divine Council in Canaanite and Early Hebrew Literature. Harvard Semitic Museum, Harvard Semitic Monographs No. 24, Cambridge, MA: Harvard Press, 1980/ Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press Reprint, 1986. (comparison of Ugaritic and Old Testament literature)
• Smith, Mark S. The Ugaritic Baal Cycle: Volume 1. Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU 1.1–1.2 (Vetus Testamentum Supplements series, volume 55; Leiden: Brill, 1994).
• _____. The Ugaritic Baal Cycle: Volume 2. Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU 1.3–1.4 (Vetus Testament Supplement series, volume 114; Leiden: Brill, 2008). Co-authored with Wayne Pitard.
• Wyatt, Nicolas (1998): Religious texts from Ugarit: the worlds of Ilimilku and his colleagues, The Biblical Seminar, volume 53. Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, paperback, 500 pages.

Vezi și

• Alfabetul ugaritic
• Limba ugaritică

Legături externe

• Ugarit (Tell Shamra) 1999 application for UNESCO world heritage site
• The Edinburgh Ras Shamra project includes an introduction to the discovery of Ugarit. Arhivat în 27 mai 2008, la Wayback Machine.
• Introduction to Ras Shamra (Ugarit), and a virtual museum of Ugaritic art. Arhivat în 13 februarie 2013, la Wayback Machine.
• Le Royaume d'Ougarit (in French)
• Dennis Pardee, Ugarit Ritual texts – Oriental Institute Arhivat în 21 aprilie 2014, la Wayback Machine.