Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer... more Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer matrix
composites because of their good strength, stiffness, low cost, environmental friendly and biodegradable. In
present study, mechanical properties for natural fiber composites were evaluated. Here, areca fiber is used
as new natural fiber reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The extracted areca fibers from areca husk
were chemically treated to get better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Composite were
prepared with randomly orientated fibers with different proportions of fibers and matrix ratio. Mechanical
tests i.e. impact and hardness tests were performed and the results are reported. The results showed that, as
the fiber volume fraction and composite post curing time increases the mechanical properties of the
composite increases.
Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using u... more Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using urea-formaldehyde resin with randomly orientated of fibers. Based on the criteria that fibers are the main load-bearing agents, the composites were prepared with 60% of areca fibers and 40% of the matrix. The specimens were immersed in seawater, river water, pond water and ground water at room temperature. Areca composites showed more absorption of pond water compared to bore-well water and seawater. Present work reveals that areca composites absorb less amount of water when compared to conventional woodbased particle board.
In recent years, natural fiber-reinforced composites are finding new applications in many sectors... more In recent years, natural fiber-reinforced composites are finding new applications in many sectors as they can yield economic, environmental and social benefits. In certain industries, such as building and transport, reduced material flammability is a key requirement. The aim of this paper is to examine, flammability property on Naturally Woven coconut tree leaf sheath (CLS) reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) composites. CLS composite were prepared in both treated and untreated forms with volume fraction of 60% of sheath and 40% of Phenol Formaldehyde resin. CLS were chemically treated using 5% of NaOH and composites plates were prepared by using a hydraulic hot press at 1400C. Flammability of these composites was evaluated using Underwriters Laboratory test (UL 94) and limiting oxygen index (LOI). The UL flammability tests include a standard burning test applied to vertical (UL 94 V) and horizontal test (UL 94HB) bars from which a general flammability rating is derived. In treated composites, the mass loss rate and flame propagation rate of treated composites has been decreased and resistances to flame has been increased and it is proved in both UL 94 V and UL 94HB tests. And in Limiting oxygen index test, alkali treated composites requires more oxygen than untreated composite material to burn. The result obtained revealed that the alkaline treated CLS fiber with PF resin has more compatibility. Hence treatment of CLS fibers will improve the flammability of the composite material indicating that, materials have promising applications in construction and decorative purposes.
Destructive methods, viz. tensile test, bending test, water absorption test, chemical absorption ... more Destructive methods, viz. tensile test, bending test, water absorption test, chemical absorption test, and biodegradable test of woven sheep fiber reinforced with 40% and 50% epoxy composites, were studied at different operating conditions. The present investigation is focused on the physical and chemical characterization of the sheep wool fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites. Result shows that tensile and bending tests of woven sheep fiber composite of composition (50–50) have high strength and maximum bending compared to woven sheep fiber composite of composition (60–40). The (50–50) composition is having more moisture absorption than (60–40) composition, whereas (60–40) composition has more chemical absorption than (50–50) composition. Biodegradable test shows that compositions (50–50) and (60–40) after few days gain almost the same amount of weight. Destructed surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscope.
The aim of this paper is to study the tensile behavior of sea shell-jute fabric reinforced compos... more The aim of this paper is to study the tensile behavior of sea shell-jute fabric reinforced composites. The composites were prepared by using sea shell powder as filler material in jute fabric reinforced with epoxy composite. The tensile behaviors of this composite were studied by varying the sea shell filler percentage. The experimental investigation has revealed that, 5% sea shell filler in jute fabric reinforced composite give maximum tensile strength of 8400N with less deformation. The results were supported with SEM analysis. The present study of an interesting filler material (sea shell) on jute fabric reinforced composite.
Journal of Composites and Biodegradable Polymers, 2013
Fiber reinforced composite materials have been gaining wide application in aircraft submarine and... more Fiber reinforced composite materials have been gaining wide application in aircraft submarine and spacecraft constructions, to strengthen bridges and other civil engineering structures. Joints are formed using mechanical fasteners and load sharing in these joints depends on the number, size, and material of the bolts and the stiffness of the joining members. Therefore, suitable revealing methods for the failure strength would help in selecting the appropriate joint size in a given application.
Three body abrasive wear behaviour of glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G-E) and Silicon Dioxide fil... more Three body abrasive wear behaviour of glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G-E) and Silicon Dioxide filled G-E (SiO 2 -G-E) composites have been studied using a rubber wheel abrasion tester. Samples of G-E with 0, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt% loads of SiO 2 were tested under different loads and abrading distances. Also, conventional weighing, determination of wear volume, specific wear rate and examination of the worn surface morphological features by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The results showed varied responses under different abrading distance because of the inclusion of different loads of SiO 2 particles. Silicon Dioxide as the filler in particulate form reduced the steady state wear rate of G-E, the optimum reduction in wear was found to occur at 10 wt% of SiO 2 filler loading. Selected mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, and elongation at break were analyzed for investigating wear property correlations. Wear of G-E composite was found to be mainly due to a micro-cracking and fiber fracture mechanisms. It was found that the microcracking mechanism had been caused by progressive surface damage.
The swelling behavior was investigated for different weight fractions of randomly distributed are... more The swelling behavior was investigated for different weight fractions of randomly distributed areca fiber and maize powder reinforced urea formaldehyde composites and also for various volume fractions of the matrix. Areca fibers were chemically treated, and composites plates were prepared by using a hydraulic hot press. The tests were conducted according to ASTM standards. The thickness swelling test was conducted to investigate the water absorption of the composite. The moisture content in the composite was measured by the gain of the material in regular intervals. Hence, the swelling property improved at a particular composition of areca fibers and maize powder composite. Areca fiber composites exhibit maximum water absorption when the composite is immersed in water. Due to hybridization, i.e. water reduction was reduced significantly in the case of areca fiber with maize powder. It was concluded that the studied composites are promising alternatives and substitute material for conventional wood-based plywood or particle board.
Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer... more Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer matrix composites because of their good strength, stiffness, low cost, environmental friendly and biodegradable. In present study, mechanical properties for natural fiber composites were evaluated. Here, areca fiber is used as new natural fiber reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The extracted areca fibers from areca husk were chemically treated to get better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Composite were prepared with randomly orientated fibers with different proportions of fibers and matrix ratio. Mechanical tests i.e. impact and hardness tests were performed and the results are reported. The results showed that, as the fiber volume fraction and composite post curing time increases the mechanical properties of the composite increases.
Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientist and engineering in packaging, low cost housi... more Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientist and engineering in packaging, low cost housing and other general applications. In the present study, adhesive tensile and moisture absorption properties of randomly distributed areca fibre and maize powder reinforced urea formaldehyde composites has been investigated. Composites were prepared by hydraulic hot press at 150 0 C and 100 bar pressure. Composites are cured under ambient conditions for 5 hours.
Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using u... more Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using urea-formaldehyde resin with randomly orientated of fibers. Based on the criteria that fibers are the main load-bearing agents, the composites were prepared with 60% of areca fibers and 40% of the matrix. The specimens were immersed in seawater, river water, pond water and ground water at room temperature. Areca composites showed more absorption of pond water compared to bore-well water and seawater. Present work reveals that areca composites absorb less amount of water when compared to conventional woodbased particle board.
Abstract Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientists and engineers in packaging, low co... more Abstract Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientists and engineers in packaging, low cost housing and other general applications. In the present study, biodegradable property and swelling properties of different volume fraction of randomly distributed areca fibre and maize powder reinforced urea formaldehyde composites has been investigated. Areca fibres were chemically treated with dilute NaOH solution; composites were prepared by hydraulic hot press at 1400C and 2 MPa of pressure. Composites are cured under ambient ...
Acute shortage of good, clean drinking water is a major problem for most developing countries of ... more Acute shortage of good, clean drinking water is a major problem for most developing countries of the world. In most cases, ponds, streams, wells and rivers are often polluted that they are unsafe for direct use as drinking water .Often water sources are brackish and or contain harmful bacteria. Therefore cannot be used for drinking .In addition there are many coastal locations where sea water is abundant but potable water is not available. Solar distillation is one of the important methods of utilizing solar energy for the supply of potable water to small communities where natural supply of fresh water is inadequate or of poor quality .In this direction an experimental performance analysis was carried out on a single basin still compared with FPC coupled one. Test were carried out for different water samples namely borewell water, sea water, river water for a water depth of 20 mm .Measurement of various temperatures solar intensity, distillate water collected from north and south slope were taken for several days under local climatic conditions. The study shows that single basin still productivity enhances by 42 percent for borewell water, 40 percent for sea water and 45 percent for river water when the still coupled with FPC Flat Plate Collector,The various other tests like chlorine content, Total hardness, Calcium content, Electrical conductivity, TDS, pH value, were carried out in the laboratory and found that water is safe and pure for drinking. Solar distillation becomes very attractive in expensive long term low technology system especially useful where the need for small plant exists
Abstract Lack of adequate of fresh water has become a serious problem in several countries of the... more Abstract Lack of adequate of fresh water has become a serious problem in several countries of the world. Drinking water consumption has been increasing with an ever increasing population. Availability of clean water is going to become one of the most pressing resource issues of the country. Often water sources are brackish and/or contain harmful bacteria and therefore cannot be used for drinking. Even though there are various technologies available for purification of water harnessing solar energy fits the purpose for future problems A ...
Natural fibers are considered to have potential use as reinforcing agents in polymer composite ma... more Natural fibers are considered to have potential use as reinforcing agents in polymer composite materials because of their principal benefits: moderate strength and stiffness, low cost, and being an environmental friendly, degradable, and renewable material. A study has been carried out to evaluate impact properties of composites made by areca fibers reinforced urea formaldehyde, melamine urea formaldehyde and epoxy resins. The extracted areca fibers from the areca husk were alkali treated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to obtain better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Then composites were produced by means of compression molding technique with varying process parameters, such as fiber condition (untreated and alkali treated), and fiber loading percentages (50% and 60% by weight). The developed areca fiber reinforced composites were then characterized by impact test. The results show that, impact strength increase with increase in the loading percentage. It is observed that, treated areca fiber reinforcement increases impact strength when compared to untreated areca fiber reinforcement.
Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer... more Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer matrix
composites because of their good strength, stiffness, low cost, environmental friendly and biodegradable. In
present study, mechanical properties for natural fiber composites were evaluated. Here, areca fiber is used
as new natural fiber reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The extracted areca fibers from areca husk
were chemically treated to get better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Composite were
prepared with randomly orientated fibers with different proportions of fibers and matrix ratio. Mechanical
tests i.e. impact and hardness tests were performed and the results are reported. The results showed that, as
the fiber volume fraction and composite post curing time increases the mechanical properties of the
composite increases.
Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using u... more Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using urea-formaldehyde resin with randomly orientated of fibers. Based on the criteria that fibers are the main load-bearing agents, the composites were prepared with 60% of areca fibers and 40% of the matrix. The specimens were immersed in seawater, river water, pond water and ground water at room temperature. Areca composites showed more absorption of pond water compared to bore-well water and seawater. Present work reveals that areca composites absorb less amount of water when compared to conventional woodbased particle board.
In recent years, natural fiber-reinforced composites are finding new applications in many sectors... more In recent years, natural fiber-reinforced composites are finding new applications in many sectors as they can yield economic, environmental and social benefits. In certain industries, such as building and transport, reduced material flammability is a key requirement. The aim of this paper is to examine, flammability property on Naturally Woven coconut tree leaf sheath (CLS) reinforced Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) composites. CLS composite were prepared in both treated and untreated forms with volume fraction of 60% of sheath and 40% of Phenol Formaldehyde resin. CLS were chemically treated using 5% of NaOH and composites plates were prepared by using a hydraulic hot press at 1400C. Flammability of these composites was evaluated using Underwriters Laboratory test (UL 94) and limiting oxygen index (LOI). The UL flammability tests include a standard burning test applied to vertical (UL 94 V) and horizontal test (UL 94HB) bars from which a general flammability rating is derived. In treated composites, the mass loss rate and flame propagation rate of treated composites has been decreased and resistances to flame has been increased and it is proved in both UL 94 V and UL 94HB tests. And in Limiting oxygen index test, alkali treated composites requires more oxygen than untreated composite material to burn. The result obtained revealed that the alkaline treated CLS fiber with PF resin has more compatibility. Hence treatment of CLS fibers will improve the flammability of the composite material indicating that, materials have promising applications in construction and decorative purposes.
Destructive methods, viz. tensile test, bending test, water absorption test, chemical absorption ... more Destructive methods, viz. tensile test, bending test, water absorption test, chemical absorption test, and biodegradable test of woven sheep fiber reinforced with 40% and 50% epoxy composites, were studied at different operating conditions. The present investigation is focused on the physical and chemical characterization of the sheep wool fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites. Result shows that tensile and bending tests of woven sheep fiber composite of composition (50–50) have high strength and maximum bending compared to woven sheep fiber composite of composition (60–40). The (50–50) composition is having more moisture absorption than (60–40) composition, whereas (60–40) composition has more chemical absorption than (50–50) composition. Biodegradable test shows that compositions (50–50) and (60–40) after few days gain almost the same amount of weight. Destructed surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscope.
The aim of this paper is to study the tensile behavior of sea shell-jute fabric reinforced compos... more The aim of this paper is to study the tensile behavior of sea shell-jute fabric reinforced composites. The composites were prepared by using sea shell powder as filler material in jute fabric reinforced with epoxy composite. The tensile behaviors of this composite were studied by varying the sea shell filler percentage. The experimental investigation has revealed that, 5% sea shell filler in jute fabric reinforced composite give maximum tensile strength of 8400N with less deformation. The results were supported with SEM analysis. The present study of an interesting filler material (sea shell) on jute fabric reinforced composite.
Journal of Composites and Biodegradable Polymers, 2013
Fiber reinforced composite materials have been gaining wide application in aircraft submarine and... more Fiber reinforced composite materials have been gaining wide application in aircraft submarine and spacecraft constructions, to strengthen bridges and other civil engineering structures. Joints are formed using mechanical fasteners and load sharing in these joints depends on the number, size, and material of the bolts and the stiffness of the joining members. Therefore, suitable revealing methods for the failure strength would help in selecting the appropriate joint size in a given application.
Three body abrasive wear behaviour of glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G-E) and Silicon Dioxide fil... more Three body abrasive wear behaviour of glass fabric reinforced epoxy (G-E) and Silicon Dioxide filled G-E (SiO 2 -G-E) composites have been studied using a rubber wheel abrasion tester. Samples of G-E with 0, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt% loads of SiO 2 were tested under different loads and abrading distances. Also, conventional weighing, determination of wear volume, specific wear rate and examination of the worn surface morphological features by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The results showed varied responses under different abrading distance because of the inclusion of different loads of SiO 2 particles. Silicon Dioxide as the filler in particulate form reduced the steady state wear rate of G-E, the optimum reduction in wear was found to occur at 10 wt% of SiO 2 filler loading. Selected mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength, and elongation at break were analyzed for investigating wear property correlations. Wear of G-E composite was found to be mainly due to a micro-cracking and fiber fracture mechanisms. It was found that the microcracking mechanism had been caused by progressive surface damage.
The swelling behavior was investigated for different weight fractions of randomly distributed are... more The swelling behavior was investigated for different weight fractions of randomly distributed areca fiber and maize powder reinforced urea formaldehyde composites and also for various volume fractions of the matrix. Areca fibers were chemically treated, and composites plates were prepared by using a hydraulic hot press. The tests were conducted according to ASTM standards. The thickness swelling test was conducted to investigate the water absorption of the composite. The moisture content in the composite was measured by the gain of the material in regular intervals. Hence, the swelling property improved at a particular composition of areca fibers and maize powder composite. Areca fiber composites exhibit maximum water absorption when the composite is immersed in water. Due to hybridization, i.e. water reduction was reduced significantly in the case of areca fiber with maize powder. It was concluded that the studied composites are promising alternatives and substitute material for conventional wood-based plywood or particle board.
Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer... more Natural Fibers composites are considered to have potential use as reinforcing material in polymer matrix composites because of their good strength, stiffness, low cost, environmental friendly and biodegradable. In present study, mechanical properties for natural fiber composites were evaluated. Here, areca fiber is used as new natural fiber reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The extracted areca fibers from areca husk were chemically treated to get better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Composite were prepared with randomly orientated fibers with different proportions of fibers and matrix ratio. Mechanical tests i.e. impact and hardness tests were performed and the results are reported. The results showed that, as the fiber volume fraction and composite post curing time increases the mechanical properties of the composite increases.
Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientist and engineering in packaging, low cost housi... more Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientist and engineering in packaging, low cost housing and other general applications. In the present study, adhesive tensile and moisture absorption properties of randomly distributed areca fibre and maize powder reinforced urea formaldehyde composites has been investigated. Composites were prepared by hydraulic hot press at 150 0 C and 100 bar pressure. Composites are cured under ambient conditions for 5 hours.
Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using u... more Extracted fibers from the areca husk were chemically treated and composites were prepared using urea-formaldehyde resin with randomly orientated of fibers. Based on the criteria that fibers are the main load-bearing agents, the composites were prepared with 60% of areca fibers and 40% of the matrix. The specimens were immersed in seawater, river water, pond water and ground water at room temperature. Areca composites showed more absorption of pond water compared to bore-well water and seawater. Present work reveals that areca composites absorb less amount of water when compared to conventional woodbased particle board.
Abstract Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientists and engineers in packaging, low co... more Abstract Natural fibers are gaining the interest of scientists and engineers in packaging, low cost housing and other general applications. In the present study, biodegradable property and swelling properties of different volume fraction of randomly distributed areca fibre and maize powder reinforced urea formaldehyde composites has been investigated. Areca fibres were chemically treated with dilute NaOH solution; composites were prepared by hydraulic hot press at 1400C and 2 MPa of pressure. Composites are cured under ambient ...
Acute shortage of good, clean drinking water is a major problem for most developing countries of ... more Acute shortage of good, clean drinking water is a major problem for most developing countries of the world. In most cases, ponds, streams, wells and rivers are often polluted that they are unsafe for direct use as drinking water .Often water sources are brackish and or contain harmful bacteria. Therefore cannot be used for drinking .In addition there are many coastal locations where sea water is abundant but potable water is not available. Solar distillation is one of the important methods of utilizing solar energy for the supply of potable water to small communities where natural supply of fresh water is inadequate or of poor quality .In this direction an experimental performance analysis was carried out on a single basin still compared with FPC coupled one. Test were carried out for different water samples namely borewell water, sea water, river water for a water depth of 20 mm .Measurement of various temperatures solar intensity, distillate water collected from north and south slope were taken for several days under local climatic conditions. The study shows that single basin still productivity enhances by 42 percent for borewell water, 40 percent for sea water and 45 percent for river water when the still coupled with FPC Flat Plate Collector,The various other tests like chlorine content, Total hardness, Calcium content, Electrical conductivity, TDS, pH value, were carried out in the laboratory and found that water is safe and pure for drinking. Solar distillation becomes very attractive in expensive long term low technology system especially useful where the need for small plant exists
Abstract Lack of adequate of fresh water has become a serious problem in several countries of the... more Abstract Lack of adequate of fresh water has become a serious problem in several countries of the world. Drinking water consumption has been increasing with an ever increasing population. Availability of clean water is going to become one of the most pressing resource issues of the country. Often water sources are brackish and/or contain harmful bacteria and therefore cannot be used for drinking. Even though there are various technologies available for purification of water harnessing solar energy fits the purpose for future problems A ...
Natural fibers are considered to have potential use as reinforcing agents in polymer composite ma... more Natural fibers are considered to have potential use as reinforcing agents in polymer composite materials because of their principal benefits: moderate strength and stiffness, low cost, and being an environmental friendly, degradable, and renewable material. A study has been carried out to evaluate impact properties of composites made by areca fibers reinforced urea formaldehyde, melamine urea formaldehyde and epoxy resins. The extracted areca fibers from the areca husk were alkali treated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) to obtain better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Then composites were produced by means of compression molding technique with varying process parameters, such as fiber condition (untreated and alkali treated), and fiber loading percentages (50% and 60% by weight). The developed areca fiber reinforced composites were then characterized by impact test. The results show that, impact strength increase with increase in the loading percentage. It is observed that, treated areca fiber reinforcement increases impact strength when compared to untreated areca fiber reinforcement.
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Papers by Dr.Bharath K N
composites because of their good strength, stiffness, low cost, environmental friendly and biodegradable. In
present study, mechanical properties for natural fiber composites were evaluated. Here, areca fiber is used
as new natural fiber reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The extracted areca fibers from areca husk
were chemically treated to get better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Composite were
prepared with randomly orientated fibers with different proportions of fibers and matrix ratio. Mechanical
tests i.e. impact and hardness tests were performed and the results are reported. The results showed that, as
the fiber volume fraction and composite post curing time increases the mechanical properties of the
composite increases.
Drafts by Dr.Bharath K N
composites because of their good strength, stiffness, low cost, environmental friendly and biodegradable. In
present study, mechanical properties for natural fiber composites were evaluated. Here, areca fiber is used
as new natural fiber reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix. The extracted areca fibers from areca husk
were chemically treated to get better interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. Composite were
prepared with randomly orientated fibers with different proportions of fibers and matrix ratio. Mechanical
tests i.e. impact and hardness tests were performed and the results are reported. The results showed that, as
the fiber volume fraction and composite post curing time increases the mechanical properties of the
composite increases.